Function Run Fun
Time Limit: 1000MS | Memory Limit: 10000K | |
Total Submissions: 18930 | Accepted: 9612 |
Description
We all love recursion! Don't we?
Consider a three-parameter recursive function w(a, b, c):
if a <= 0 or b <= 0 or c <= 0, then w(a, b, c) returns:
1
if a > 20 or b > 20 or c > 20, then w(a, b, c) returns:
w(20, 20, 20)
if a < b and b < c, then w(a, b, c) returns:
w(a, b, c-1) + w(a, b-1, c-1) - w(a, b-1, c)
otherwise it returns:
w(a-1, b, c) + w(a-1, b-1, c) + w(a-1, b, c-1) - w(a-1, b-1, c-1)
This is an easy function to implement. The problem is, if implemented directly, for moderate values of a, b and c (for example, a = 15, b = 15, c = 15), the program takes hours to run because of the massive recursion.
Consider a three-parameter recursive function w(a, b, c):
if a <= 0 or b <= 0 or c <= 0, then w(a, b, c) returns:
1
if a > 20 or b > 20 or c > 20, then w(a, b, c) returns:
w(20, 20, 20)
if a < b and b < c, then w(a, b, c) returns:
w(a, b, c-1) + w(a, b-1, c-1) - w(a, b-1, c)
otherwise it returns:
w(a-1, b, c) + w(a-1, b-1, c) + w(a-1, b, c-1) - w(a-1, b-1, c-1)
This is an easy function to implement. The problem is, if implemented directly, for moderate values of a, b and c (for example, a = 15, b = 15, c = 15), the program takes hours to run because of the massive recursion.
Input
The input for your program will be a series of integer triples, one per line, until the end-of-file flag of -1 -1 -1. Using the above technique, you are to calculate w(a, b, c) efficiently and print the result.
Output
Print the value for w(a,b,c) for each triple.
Sample Input
1 1 1 2 2 2 10 4 6 50 50 50 -1 7 18 -1 -1 -1
Sample Output
w(1, 1, 1) = 2 w(2, 2, 2) = 4 w(10, 4, 6) = 523 w(50, 50, 50) = 1048576 w(-1, 7, 18) = 1
Source
题目意思:
给出a,b,c,按以下递归方式计算w(a, b, c):
①if a <= 0 or b <= 0 or c <= 0, then w(a, b, c) returns:1;
②if a > 20 or b > 20 or c > 20, then w(a, b, c) returns:w(20, 20, 20)
③if a < b and b < c, then w(a, b, c) returns:w(a, b, c-1) + w(a, b-1, c-1) - w(a, b-1, c)
④otherwise it returns:w(a-1, b, c) + w(a-1, b-1, c) + w(a-1, b, c-1) - w(a-1, b-1, c-1)
②if a > 20 or b > 20 or c > 20, then w(a, b, c) returns:w(20, 20, 20)
③if a < b and b < c, then w(a, b, c) returns:w(a, b, c-1) + w(a, b-1, c-1) - w(a, b-1, c)
④otherwise it returns:w(a-1, b, c) + w(a-1, b-1, c) + w(a-1, b, c-1) - w(a-1, b-1, c-1)
解题思路:
直接递归必然超时,所以一定要记忆化搜索。
用dp[a][b][c]记录w(a,b,c)的值,每次判断一下如果计算过就不再重复计算,注意防止下标越界的问题,要先处理负数再处理大数。
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <bitset>
#include <map>
#include <iomanip>
#include <algorithm>
#define MAXN 21
#define INF 0xfffffff
using namespace std;
/*
if a <= 0 or b <= 0 or c <= 0, then w(a, b, c) returns:
1
if a > 20 or b > 20 or c > 20, then w(a, b, c) returns:
w(20, 20, 20)
if a < b and b < c, then w(a, b, c) returns:
w(a, b, c-1) + w(a, b-1, c-1) - w(a, b-1, c)
otherwise it returns:
w(a-1, b, c) + w(a-1, b-1, c) + w(a-1, b, c-1) - w(a-1, b-1, c-1)
*/
int dp[MAXN][MAXN][MAXN];
int w(int a,int b,int c)
{
if(a<=0||b<=0||c<=0) return 1;//为了防止下标越界(为负)所以先处理
if(a>20||b>20||c>20) return dp[20][20][20]=w(20,20,20);//为了防止下标越界(大于20)所以先处理
if(dp[a][b][c]!=0) return dp[a][b][c];//已经计算过的不再重复计算
if(a<b&&b<c) return dp[a][b][c]=(w(a,b,c-1)+w(a,b-1,c-1)-w(a,b-1,c));
return dp[a][b][c]=(w(a-1,b,c)+w(a-1,b-1,c)+w(a-1, b, c-1)-w(a-1,b-1,c-1));
}
int main()
{
#ifdef ONLINE_JUDGE
#else
freopen("G:/cbx/read.txt","r",stdin);
//freopen("G:/cbx/out.txt","w",stdout);
#endif
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
int a,b,c;
while(cin>>a>>b>>c)
{
if(a==-1&&b==-1&&c==-1) break;
cout<<"w("<<a<<", "<<b<<", "<<c<<") = "<<w(a,b,c)<<endl;
}
return 0;
}