今天学习了android蓝牙方面的基础知识,包含了打开和关闭蓝牙的操作,以及两部手机之间通过蓝牙实现的数据传输。下面看代码:
首先,需要在清单文件里添加蓝牙操作的权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
打开蓝牙的两种方式:
第一种:Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent,1);
这种方式会提示用户是否打开蓝牙
第二种:bluetoothAdapter.enable();
这种方式系统直接打开蓝牙
关闭蓝牙的操作:bluetoothAdapter.disable();
搜索附近蓝牙的基本操作:
1.BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();//得到默认的蓝牙适配器
2.if (bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {//如果正好在搜索,则先取消搜索
bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
第二部在搜索的时候,会发出一个广播BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND
3.创建并注册BroadcastReceiver并在onReceive方法中进行操作,关键代码如下:
@Override
public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String action = arg1.getAction();
//获得已经搜索到的蓝牙设备
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
BluetoothDevice device = arg1.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
//搜索到的设备不是已经绑定的设备
if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
//将搜索到的新蓝牙设备和名称显示到textview中
show.append(device.getName()+":"+device.getAddress()+"\n");
}
}else if (bluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {//说明搜索已经完成
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false);
setTitle("搜索蓝牙设备");
}
}
2.两个蓝牙设备之间的通信
在清单文件里添加蓝牙操作的权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
A.在两个手机上蓝牙之间传输数据是通过BluetoothSocket和BluetoothServerSocket来实现的
B.创建BluetoothSocket和BluetoothServerSocket的方式如下:
clientSocket = device
.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
serverSocket = bluetoothAdapter
.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
这里需要注意的是:
UUID MY_UUID = UUID
.fromString("5dd231bf-d217-4e85-a26c-5e5cfda9aa0c");
5dd231bf-d217-4e85-a26c-5e5cfda9aa0c是有系统提供的UUID.randomUUID().toString();生成的可以用于蓝牙设备之间的传输身份证,这个是唯一的
NAME是一个字符串,是我们随便给的
B.创建接受数据的线程类:
private class AcceptThread extends Thread{
private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
private BluetoothSocket socket;
private InputStream is;
private OutputStream os;
public AcceptThread() {
//创建BluetoothServerSocket对象
try {
serverSocket = bluetoothAdapter.listenUsingInsecureRfcommWithServiceRecord("name",UUID.fromString("5dd231bf-d217-4e85-a26c-5e5cfda9aa0c"));
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//等待接受蓝牙客户端的请求
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept();
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
while(true){
byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
int count = is.read(buffer);
Message message = new Message();
message.obj = new String(buffer,0, count, "utf-8");
handler.sendMessage(message);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
得到已经绑定的蓝牙设备并用list显示出来
luetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();//得到默认的蓝牙适配器
C.Set<BluetoothDevice>paireDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();//得到已经绑定的蓝牙设备
if (paireDevices.size() > 0) {//若存在
String []data = new String[paireDevices.size()];
for (BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice : paireDevices) {
data[count++] = bluetoothDevice.getName()+":"+bluetoothDevice.getAddress();//得到绑定蓝牙设备的名称和地址
}
adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,data);
list.setAdapter(adapter);
为list的每一个列表项绑定监听事件:
list.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
long id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String s = adapter.getItem(position);
//获得要连接的蓝牙设备的地址
String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":")+1).trim();
if (null == device) {
//获得蓝牙设备,相当于网路客户端制定的socketip地址
device = bluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
}
if (null == clientSocket) {
try {
clientSocket = device.createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString("5dd231bf-d217-4e85-a26c-5e5cfda9aa0c"));
//开始连接蓝牙设备
clientSocket.connect();
os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (null != os) {
//向服务器端发送一个字符串
try {
os.write("这是另一台手机发送过来的数据".getBytes("utf-8"));
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"发送成功",1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"发送失败",1000);
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
} );
分别将该应用部署到两部手机,实现蓝牙通信.注意目前这种方式只支持简单的数据传输,如果需要出书二进制文件,比如音频,还是不可以的。