UNIX下使用EXPDP备份数据库

expdp逻辑备份数据库文件存储到ASM磁盘组中。
经测试，EXPDP导出文件完全可以放在ASM磁盘组中，但是日志文件需要放在文件系统上。

首先建立磁盘组中的Directory:
SQL> create or replace directory obak as '+ORADATA/obak';

Directory created.

将Directory 读写权限分配给导出用户：
SQL> grant read,write on directory obak to eygle;

手工创建目录（ 使用ORACLE用户建立该目录，要不然EXPDP识别不到）：
[oracle@oracle ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
[oracle@oracle ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls
ORADATA/
RECOVER/
ASMCMD> cd ORADATA
ASMCMD> ls
ORADB/
ASMCMD> mkdir obak
ASMCMD> ls
ORADB/
obak/
ASMCMD> exit

如果直接执行导出，会出现错误：

    [oracle@oracledb3 ~]$ expdp eygle/eygle DUMPFILE=eygle.dmp DIRECTORY=OBAK CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY

    Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 06 May, 2011 10:49:48

    Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production
    With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
    ORA-39002: invalid operation
    ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.
    ORA-29283: invalid file operation
    ORA-06512: at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 536
    ORA-29283: invalid file operation


此时需要找到一个文件系统的路径：

    SQL> select directory_name, directory_path from dba_directories;

    DIRECTORY_NAME
    ------------------------------
    DIRECTORY_PATH
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    DATA_PUMP_DIR
    /opt/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/log/

    OBAK
    +ORADATA/obak


现在为LOGFILE指定独立的路径，即可导出成功：

    [oracle@oracle ~]$ expdp eygle/eygleDUMPFILE=eygle.dmp DIRECTORY=OBAK CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY logfile=DATA_PUMP_DIR:expdp01.log

    Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 06 May, 2011 10:53:11

    Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production
    With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
    FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preserve database integrity.
    Starting "EYGLE"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  eygle/******** DUMPFILE=eygle.dmp DIRECTORY=OBAK CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY logfile=DATA_PUMP_DIR:expdp01.log
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DB_LINK
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/FUNCTION
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/ALTER_FUNCTION
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
    Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB
    Master table "EYGLE"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
    ******************************************************************************
    Dump file set for EYGLE.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
      +ORADATA/obak/eygle.dmp
    Job "EYGLE"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 10:53:40