javaBean验证框架(7)—使用@valid实现对象关联验证

javaBean验证框架(7)—使用@valid实现对象关联验证

根据Bean验证规范，@Valid注解在对象引用上，从而实现级联验证。关联对象自身也可以包含级联引用，因此实现递归验证过程。该特性也被称为”对象图验证”。

示例说明

这里定义两个类，Driver和DriverLicense类，其中后者引用Driver类，从而用于演示级联验证。

Driver类

import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
import java.util.Date;

public class Driver {
    @NotNull
    private String fullName;
    @Min(100)
    private int height;
    @Past
    @NotNull
    private Date dateOfBirth;

    public Driver(String fullName, int height, Date dateOfBirth) {
        this.dateOfBirth = dateOfBirth;
        this.fullName = fullName;
        this.height = height;
    }
}

DriverLicense类

import javax.validation.Valid;
import javax.validation.constraints.Digits;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

public class DriverLicense {
    @NotNull
    @Valid
    private Driver driver;
    @Digits(integer = 7, fraction = 0)
    private int number;

    public DriverLicense(Driver driver, int number) {
        this.driver = driver;
        this.number = number;
    }
}

演示验证类

import com.dataz.entity.Driver;
import com.dataz.entity.DriverLicense;

import javax.validation.*;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Set;

public class ValidAnnotationDemo5 {
    private static final Validator validator;

    //获得验证器实例
    static {
        Configuration<?> config = Validation.byDefaultProvider().configure();
        ValidatorFactory factory = config.buildValidatorFactory();
        validator = factory.getValidator();
        factory.close();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
        Driver driver = new Driver("Joseph Waters", 60,
                new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 100000));
        DriverLicense dl = new DriverLicense(driver, 3454343);

        Set<ConstraintViolation<DriverLicense>> violations = validator.validate(dl);
        if (violations.size() == 0) {
            System.out.println("No violations.");
        } else {
            System.out.printf("%s violations:%n", violations.size());
            violations.stream()
                    .forEach(ValidAnnotationDemo5::printError);
        }
    }

    private static void printError(ConstraintViolation<?> violation) {
        System.out.println(violation.getPropertyPath()
                + " " + violation.getMessage());
    }
}

输出结果

2 violations:

driver.dateOfBirth 需要是一个过去的事件

driver.height 最小不能小于100

读者可以尝试注释DriverLicense类中的@valid注解，运行结果没有违法约束。

总结

本节我们通过示例演示@valid注解实现级联验证。示例中有目的地给嵌套对象提供无效值，验证在创建父对象过程中是否对嵌套对象进行约束检查。