发掘ListBox的潜力（三）：显示即时提示（Tips）

ListBox显示即时提示（Tips）

　　Listbox内容太长时超出Listbox宽度的部分将无法显示，一种解决方法是让Listbox产生横向滚动条，滚动显示内容（见前面的《发掘ListBox的潜力（一）：自动调整横向滚动条宽度 》），另一种方法是让Listbox以Tips的方法显示完整内容。本文要实现的是后一种方式。

　　Tips其实是一个特殊的窗体，类名为：tooltips_class32（在Commctrl(D6)有定义），可使用CreateWindow函数创建；Windows定义了一组以TTM_开头的消息用来与之通信，比如设置显示内容使用TTM_SETTITLE、删除显示内容使用TTM_DELTOOL。下面是例子：

hWndTip := CreateWindow(TOOLTIPS_CLASS, 'kktListBoxToolTips',     WS_POPUP or TTS_NOPREFIX or TTS_ALWAYSTIP, 0, 0, 0, 0, hWndTip, 0, HInstance, nil); SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, Integer(@ti)); SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_DELTOOL, 0, Integer(@ti));

Tips有两种显示时机：鼠标指向某ListItem时和鼠标点击某ListItem时，这里提供了一个选项供用户，默认为鼠标点击ListItem时显示，因此在type作如下声明：

TToolTipShowEvent = (tsMouseOver, tsClick);

并在控件published处声明ShowToolTipWhen属性：

property ShowToolTipWhen: TToolTipShowEvent read FShowToolTipWhen write SetShowToolTipWhen default tsClick;

接下来处理WM_LBUTTONDOWN消息判断是否应该显示内容，及处理要显示的内容：

procedure TkktListBox.WMMouseLBDown(var Message: TMessage); var   X, Y, i: integer; begin   inherited;   if (FShowToolTipWhen = tsMouseOver) then Exit;   X := LOWORD(Message.lParam);   Y := HIWORD(Message.lParam);   i := ItemAtPos(Point(X, Y), true); //ItemIndex   if (i = -1) and (TipsIndex <> -1) then HideToolTip;   if i<>-1 then ShowToolTip(X, Y, i); end;

对WM_MOUSEMOVE的处理方式类似：

procedure TkktListBox.WMMouseMove(var Message: TMessage); var   X, Y, i: integer; begin   if (FShowToolTipWhen = tsClick) then Exit;   X := LOWORD(Message.lParam);   Y := HIWORD(Message.lParam);   i := ItemAtPos(Point(X, Y), true);   if (i = -1) and (TipsIndex <> -1) then HideToolTip;   if i<>-1 then ShowToolTip(X, Y, i);   inherited; end;

Tips的消隐则在CM_MOUSELEAVE消息里处理：

procedure TkktListBox.CMMouseLeave(var Message: TMessage); begin   inherited;   HideToolTip; end;

下面给出TkktListBox的完整代码：

unit kktListBox; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Controls, StdCtrls, Commctrl; const TTM_SETTITLE = (WM_USER + 32); type TGetHintTextEvent = procedure(Index: integer; var HintText: string; Sender: TObject) of object; TToolTipShowEvent = (tsMouseOver, tsClick); TkktListBox = class(TListBox) private hWndTip: THandle; ti: TOOLINFO; TipsIndex: integer; FOnGetHintText: TGetHintTextEvent; FHintTitle: String; FShowToolTipWhen: TToolTipShowEvent; procedure SetHintText(Index: integer); procedure SetHintTitle(const Value: String); procedure SetShowToolTipWhen(const Value: TToolTipShowEvent); protected property ScrollWidth stored False; public constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override; procedure CreateWnd; override; destructor Destroy; override; published property HintTitle: String read FHintTitle write SetHintTitle; property ShowToolTipWhen: TToolTipShowEvent read FShowToolTipWhen write SetShowToolTipWhen default tsClick; property OnGetHintText: TGetHintTextEvent Read FOnGetHintText write FOnGetHintText; end; procedure Register; implementation { TkktListBox } procedure TkktListBox.CMMouseLeave(var Message: TMessage); begin inherited; HideToolTip; end; constructor TkktListBox.Create(AOwner: TComponent); begin inherited Create(AOwner); TipsIndex := -1; FShowToolTipWhen := tsClick; end; //uId := Handle; hinst := hInstance; lpszText := nil; //LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK; //CALLBACK将导致回调次数太多 Rect.Left := 0; Rect.Top := 0; Rect.Bottom := 0; Rect.Right := 0; end; sendMessage(hWndTip, WM_SETFONT, Self.Font.Handle, Integer(LongBool(False))); SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, Integer(@ti)); SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_SETTITLE, 0, Integer(Pchar(FHintTitle))); end; destructor TkktListBox.Destroy; begin if hWndTip<>0 then SendMessage(hWndTip, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0); inherited; end; procedure TkktListBox.HideToolTip; begin TipsIndex := -1; SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, 0, 0); end; procedure TkktListBox.ShowToolTip(X, Y, Index: integer); var APoint: TPoint; ARect: TRect; begin if (FShowToolTipWhen = tsClick) and (Index = TipsIndex) then Exit; if FShowToolTipWhen = tsMouseOver then begin APoint := Point(X+20, Y+20); end else begin //FShowToolTipWhen = tsClick ARect := ItemRect(Index); APoint := ARect.TopLeft; end; APoint := Self.ClientToScreen(APoint); SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, MAKELPARAM(APoint.X, APoint.Y)); if Index = TipsIndex then Exit; SetHintText(Index); SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, 1, integer(@ti)); TipsIndex := Index; end; procedure TkktListBox.WMMouseLBDown(var Message: TMessage); var X, Y, i: integer; begin inherited; if (csDesigning in ComponentState) or (FShowToolTipWhen = tsMouseOver) then Exit; X := LOWORD(Message.lParam); Y := HIWORD(Message.lParam); i := ItemAtPos(Point(X, Y), true); //ItemIndex if (i = -1) and (TipsIndex <> -1) then HideToolTip; if i<>-1 then ShowToolTip(X, Y, i); end; procedure TkktListBox.WMMouseMove(var Message: TMessage); var X, Y, i: integer; begin if (csDesigning in ComponentState) or (FShowToolTipWhen = tsClick) then Exit; X := LOWORD(Message.lParam); Y := HIWORD(Message.lParam); i := ItemAtPos(Point(X, Y), true); if (i = -1) and (TipsIndex <> -1) then HideToolTip; if i<>-1 then ShowToolTip(X, Y, i); inherited; end; procedure TkktListBox.SetHintTitle(const Value: String); begin if FHintTitle = Value then Exit; FHintTitle := Value; SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_SETTITLE, 0, Integer(Pchar(FHintTitle))); end; procedure TkktListBox.SetHintText(Index: integer); var HintText: string; begin if Index<0 then Exit; SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_DELTOOL, 0, Integer(@ti)); HideToolTip; HintText := Items[Index]; if Assigned(FOnGetHintText) then FOnGetHintText(Index, HintText, Self); ti.lpszText := @HintText[1]; SendMessage(hWndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, Integer(@ti)); end; procedure TkktListBox.SetShowToolTipWhen(const Value: TToolTipShowEvent); begin if FShowToolTipWhen <> Value then begin FShowToolTipWhen := Value; HideToolTip; end; end; procedure Register; begin RegisterComponents('Kacarton', [TkktListBox]); end; end.

 

 

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