最近项目中要加一个计步器的功能,Github上搜索一堆,都是bug漫天飞(微信也有bug^_^,关于bug的原因有:异常开关机、调整手机时间、
正常开关机、跨天问题,这几种原因复合在一起更容易造成计步数异常),只好自己实现一个;下面开始正文:
计步器原理
实现计步器几步一般有2种方法:1.利用加速传感器,通过计算二次波峰来确定每一步,这种方法误差比较大,但普适性好;2.利用Android4.4之后的
Sensor.TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR来计步,缺点是这个传感器只有4.4以后的版本才能使用而且手机要有三轴陀螺仪,限制比较大,鉴于微信运动也是
使用的第二种方法,这里也放弃第一种方法的使用。(备注:可以找个方法一的算法对接到方法二上,因为Android自带的计步器太简陋了,一切都需要
自己实现,这个下文有说明)
关于TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR
通过TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR传感器我们只能获得2个数据:1.时间戳(这个在开关机面前就废了,不做考虑);2.从上次开机到现在的总步数(总步数
会在开关机时清零),对,只是总步数……这样就不能确定某一天的步数了。
说明
说明就是这么突然^_^关于跨天很多童鞋会想到Date_Changed这个系统广播,然而该广播不可信任,原因:该广播只会发出一次,
如:用户往后调整过时间,并在00:00(记此时为t)发送过该天的广播,那么当用户再次将时间拨回到正常时间时,再次经过t时刻,
系统不会发送Date_Changed广播;另外,开机广播也不可信任,原因:部分手机厂商会屏蔽掉该广播。
代码结构
as被玩坏了,现在截不了图,直接用这个,毕竟代码不多:
实现步骤
1.计步器步数数据库的实现
关于数据库这里没有使用第三方框架,已接入第三方框架的童鞋,请自行修改。数据库结构如下:
date:时间戳,表明是哪一天的数据
steps:修正步数,非真实步数,下面会解释(已DES加密)
sensor:修正传感器步数(该值非负,只有off为1或插入新数据时才为0),和上一天
的sensor及off的状态有关(已des加密),之所以用修正结果,是为了监听异常关机
off:手机是否正常关机,1表示正常关机,0表示未关机,请无视这么命名,这得改啊
数据库操作代码:
/**
* 这里为了方便查看数据创建了2个表格一个DES加密,一个未加密,根据需要 自行修改
*/
public class Database extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
private final static String DB_NAME = "steps";
private final static String DB_NAME_ENCRYPT = "steps_encrypt";
private final static int DB_VERSION = 1;
private static Database instance;
private static final AtomicInteger openCounter = new AtomicInteger();
private Database(final Context context) {
super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);
}
public static synchronized Database getInstance(final Context c) {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new Database(c.getApplicationContext());
}
openCounter.incrementAndGet();
return instance;
}
@Override
public void close() {
if (openCounter.decrementAndGet() == 0) {
super.close();
}
}
/**
* date : 计步的日期
* steps : 开关机后存储的步数
* sensor : 虚拟传感器的步数(非真实值,和上一天是否关机有关),计步器传感器每次变化都会触发
* off : 是否关机过,默认false(0);关机时置为true(1),待计步服务开启后将当天的off置为false(0) ;
*
* @param db
*/
@Override
public void onCreate(final SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + DB_NAME + " (date INTEGER, steps INTEGER , sensor INTEGER , off INTEGER)");
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " (date INTEGER, steps TEXT , sensor TEXT , off INTEGER)");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(final SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
}
/**
* Query the 'steps' table. Remember to close the cursor!
*
* @param columns the colums
* @param selection the selection
* @param selectionArgs the selction arguments
* @param groupBy the group by statement
* @param having the having statement
* @param orderBy the order by statement
* @return the cursor
*/
public Cursor query(final String[] columns, final String selection,
final String[] selectionArgs, final String groupBy, final String having,
final String orderBy, final String limit) {
return getReadableDatabase()
.query(DB_NAME, columns, selection, selectionArgs, groupBy, having, orderBy, limit);
}
/**
* 插入新的数据
*
* @param date
* @param steps
* @param correctSensorSteps 需要根据上一天的开关机判断
* @param off
*/
public void insertNewDay(long date, int steps, int correctSensorSteps, int off) {
getWritableDatabase().beginTransaction();
try {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("date", date);
values.put("steps", steps);
values.put("sensor", correctSensorSteps);
values.put("off", off);
getWritableDatabase().insert(DB_NAME, null, values);
getWritableDatabase().setTransactionSuccessful();
} finally {
getWritableDatabase().endTransaction();
}
insertNewDayEncrypt(date , steps , correctSensorSteps , off);
}
public void insertNewDayEncrypt(long date, int steps, int correctSensorSteps, int off) {
getWritableDatabase().beginTransaction();
try {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("date", date);
values.put("steps", DesTool.encrypt(steps + "" ));
values.put("sensor", DesTool.encrypt(correctSensorSteps + "" ));
values.put("off", off);
getWritableDatabase().insert(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , null, values);
getWritableDatabase().setTransactionSuccessful();
} finally {
getWritableDatabase().endTransaction();
}
}
/**
* 更新steps(关机、插入新数据、异常关机、数据异常时才会调用)
*
* @param date
* @param correctSensorSteps 应该传的传感器数值,不一定为读取到的传感器数值
*/
public void updateSteps(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
insertNewDay(date, 0, 0, 1);
} else {
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET steps = steps + " + correctSensorSteps + " WHERE date = " + date);
}
c.close();
updateStepsEncrypt(date , correctSensorSteps);
}
public void updateStepsEncrypt(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
insertNewDayEncrypt(date, 0, 0, 1);
} else {
int steps = 0 ;
try{
steps = Integer.parseInt(DesTool.decrypt(getStepsEncrypt(date))) ;
}catch (Exception e){
}
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET steps = \"" + DesTool.encrypt((steps + correctSensorSteps) + "") + "\" WHERE date = " + date);
}
c.close();
}
/**
* @param date the date in millis since 1970
* @return steps的值
*/
public int getSteps(long date) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"steps"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
int re = 0;
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
} else {
re = c.getInt(0);
}
return re;
}
public String getStepsEncrypt(long date) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"steps"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
String re = null ;
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
re = "" ;
} else {
re = c.getString(0);
if(null == re){
re = "" ;
}
}
c.close();
return re;
}
/**
* 更新某一天(date)的传感器步数(sensor)
*
* @param date 所属的时间,in millis since 1970
* @param correctSensorSteps
*/
public void updateSensorSteps(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
insertNewDay(date, 0, correctSensorSteps, 0);
} else {
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET sensor = " + correctSensorSteps + " WHERE date = " + date);
}
c.close();
updateSensorStepsEncrypt(date , correctSensorSteps);
}
public void updateSensorStepsEncrypt(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
insertNewDayEncrypt(date, 0, correctSensorSteps, 0);
} else {
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET sensor = \"" + DesTool.encrypt(correctSensorSteps + "") + "\" WHERE date = " + date);
}
c.close();
}
/**
* @param date the date in millis since 1970
* @return 存储的传感器的步数
*/
public int getSensorSteps(long date) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"sensor"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
int re;
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
re = 0;
} else {
re = c.getInt(0);
}
c.close();
return re;
}
public String getSensorStepsEncrypt(long date) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT, new String[]{"sensor"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
String re = null ;
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
re = "" ;
} else {
re = c.getString(0);
if(null == re){
re = "" ;
}
}
c.close();
return re;
}
/**
* 更新off的状态
*
* @param date
* @param offStatus
*/
public void updateOffStatus(long date, int offStatus) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
insertNewDay(date, 0 , 0 , offStatus);
}else {
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET off = " + offStatus + " WHERE date = " + date);
}
c.close();
updateOffStatusEncrypt(date , offStatus) ;
}
public void updateOffStatusEncrypt(long date, int offStatus) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
insertNewDay(date, 0 , 0 , offStatus);
}else {
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET off = " + offStatus + " WHERE date = " + date);
}
c.close();
}
/**
* 得到off的值 0 = false ; 1 = true ;
*
* @param date
* @return
*/
public int getOffStatus(long date) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"off"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
int hasOffed = 0;
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
} else {
hasOffed = c.getInt(0);
}
c.close();
return hasOffed;
}
public int getOffStatusEncypt(long date) {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT, new String[]{"off"}, "date = ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
int hasOffed = 0;
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
} else {
hasOffed = c.getInt(0);
}
c.close();
return hasOffed;
}
/**
* 用于关机时修改整个数据库(所以数据库中内容不宜过多,要定期清理,清理方法暂时略过)
*/
public void updateAll() {
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET off = 1,steps = steps + sensor,sensor = 0");
updateAllEncrypt() ;
}
public void updateAllEncrypt() {
Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"date"}, "date > ?",
new String[]{String.valueOf(1)}, null, null, null);
if (c.getCount() == 0) {
} else {
while (c.moveToNext()){
long date = c.getLong(0) ;
int steps = getSteps(date) ;
int sensor = getSensorSteps(date) ;
getWritableDatabase().execSQL(
"UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET off = 1,steps = \"" + DesTool.encrypt((steps + sensor) + "")
+ "\",sensor = \"" + DesTool.encrypt("0") + "\" WHERE date = " + date);
}
}
c.close();
}
}
这一篇够长了,看着累,转下一篇:
Android计步器的实现(2)