php中soap 的使用实例和一些个人看法！亲测，无需手写WSDL文件，提供自动生成WSDL文件类

最近工作的内容使用到了接口！
对于系统接口：
现下接触的有两种！
 
1、URL类型的接口
 
URL路由带参数式的接口！这个很好做！只要有过Web开发经验的人都能完成！
这种接口数据不够隐蔽性，可以直接在浏览其中看到，
 
如支付宝的交易请求URL。需要加一个MD5签名，和服务器端的再次向支付宝服务器发送验证！
虽然soap方式传递的数据隐蔽性很好!但为了数据安全，难免也需要进行数据签名。

2、SOAP类型的接口
 
无关编程语言、无关平台、扩展性很好

要实现一个SOAP 型的接口，有两种方式：一种有WSDL文件方式、一中无WSDL文件方式！
 

对于热爱研究型的人来说,使用第一种方式可以让你清楚的了解PHP是怎么创建了一个Web Service！
但第一种对于新手来说，创建一个XML格式的WSDL文件，是比较难的，这你的先了解熟悉什么是XML！
学会XML语法！
  但对于一个急于解决问题的人来说！没有这么多的时间去熟悉！所以这是件烦恼的事！
不过不急，上面说了，还有一种无需WSDL文件的方式！而且，本讲解还提供了一个自动生成WSDL文件的类！
 
讲解前，先配置下PHP的soap环境支持：

找到php.ini文件
；extension=php_soap.dll
 
删除掉"；" ，重启apache服务器
 
 
 
一、有WSDL文件方式
    在这里先介绍标准的webservice。
那么如何创建wsdl呢？对于PHP来说这确实是件很不容易的事情，有人说用zend studio创建很方便，这是一种方法。但对于那些不喜欢用zend studio的人来说，会觉得创建一个web service还要安装zend studio，太强人所难了。
    在这里介绍一个简单的方法，到网上下载SoapDiscovery.class.php类，里面有个公用方法：getWSDL，这个方法末尾是用的return，那么，你修改一下这个方法：
//return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');
//生成wsdl文件，将上面的return注释
$fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl" , "w");
fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));
现在生成wsdl的类有了，SoapDiscovery.class.php（源码在最末尾）。
 
     再准备一个提供服务的Service.php类文件或者函数就可以创建wsdl了!

 

<?php
class Service {

    public function HelloWorld() {
        return "Hello";
    }

    public function Add($a, $b) {
        return $a + $b;
    }

}
?> 

　　创建wsdl文件的creat_wsdl.php
 

<?php

include("Service.php");
include("SoapDiscovery.class.php");

$disco = new SoapDiscovery('Service', 'soap'); //第一个参数是类名（生成的wsdl文件就是以它来命名的），即Service类，第二个参数是服务的名字（这个可以随便写）。
$disco->getWSDL();

　　运行create_wsdl.php文件，此时会生成一个Service.wsdl的文件
 

　　再在Service.php文件中添加一些代码
 

<?php

class Service {

    public function HelloWorld() {
        return "Hello";
    }

    public function Add($a, $b) {
        return $a + $b;
    }

}

$server = new SoapServer('Service.wsdl', array('soap_version' => SOAP_1_2));
$server->setClass("Service"); //注册Service类的所有方法
$server->handle(); //处理请求
 
?> 

　　创建webservice客户端程序，测试webservice是否有效，文件名是：client.php
将以下内容拷贝进去：
 
　　
 

<?php

　ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled', "0"); //关闭wsdl缓存

  $soap = new SoapClient('http://localhost/Dragon/soap/Service.php?wsdl');　echo $soap->Add(28, 2);  echo $soap->__soapCall('Add',array(28,2))//或这样调用　

　　OK！测试通过！
 
　　
 
 二、无WSDL文件方式
 
 　　服务器端
 

<?php
class Service
{
  public function HelloWorld()
   {
      return  "Hello";
   }
  public  function Add($a,$b)
   {
      return $a+$b;
   }
}
$server=new SoapServer(null,array('uri' => "abcd"));
$server->setClass("Service");
$server->handle();

　　　客户端
 

<?php
  try {
  $soap = new SoapClient(null, array(
  "location" => "http://localhost/Dragon/soap/Service.php",
  "uri" => "abcd", //资源描述符服务器和客户端必须对应
  "style" => SOAP_RPC,
  "use" => SOAP_ENCODED
  ));

  echo $soap->Add(12, 2);
  } catch (Exction $e) {
  echo print_r($e->getMessage(), true);
  }

　　
 
三．出现的问题。
 
1.在方法中对属性的赋值在其他方法中不起作用。
 比如在客户端调用服务端某个方法对某个属性赋值。
 在其他方法里就不能用。但在 __construct 方法中对属性的赋值是可以个在其他方法中使用的。
 
2. 提示 Client] looks like we got no XML document错误。
 服务器端文件在<?php ?> 标签前后都不要有任何数据包括空格，空行。
 
3. Warning: SoapClient::SoapClient(): I/O warning : failed to load external entity
 原因如下：PHP程序作为 SOAP客户端 采用 WSDL 模式访问远端服务器的时候，PHP是通过调用 libcurl 实现的。至少在 PHP5.2.X 是这样的。如果采用 non-WSDL 模式，就不需要 libcurl。除了 了ibcurl以外，至少还关联的库包括：libidn,ibgcc,libiconv,libintl,openssl
 
 
 
现在，你已经解决你了系统接口的问题了！剩下的空余时间，就有必要去了解什么是SOAP、http协议、XML了！
 
 
 
SoapDiscovery.class.php 文件
 
View Code

<?php

/**
 * Copyright (c) 2005, Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
 * permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *     Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
 *     conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 *     conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
 *     provided with the distribution.
 *     Neither the name of the Solsoft de Costa Rica S.A. nor the names of its contributors may
 *     be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
 *     prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 * CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
 * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *
 * @version $Id$
 * @copyright 2005
 */

/**
 * SoapDiscovery Class that provides Web Service Definition Language (WSDL).
 *
 * @package SoapDiscovery
 * @author Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005 Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
 * @version $Id$
 * @access public
 * */
class SoapDiscovery {

    private $class_name = '';
    private $service_name = '';

    /**
     * SoapDiscovery::__construct() SoapDiscovery class Constructor.
     *
     * @param string $class_name
     * @param string $service_name
     * */
    public function __construct($class_name = '', $service_name = '') {
        $this->class_name = $class_name;
        $this->service_name = $service_name;
    }

    /**
     * SoapDiscovery::getWSDL() Returns the WSDL of a class if the class is instantiable.
     *
     * @return string
     * */
    public function getWSDL() {
        if (empty($this->service_name)) {
            throw new Exception('No service name.');
        }
        $headerWSDL = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n";
        $headerWSDL.= "<definitions name=\"$this->service_name\" targetNamespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:wsdl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/\" xmlns:tns=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:SOAP-ENC=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\">\n";
        $headerWSDL.= "<types xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" />\n";

        if (empty($this->class_name)) {
            throw new Exception('No class name.');
        }

        $class = new ReflectionClass($this->class_name);

        if (!$class->isInstantiable()) {
            throw new Exception('Class is not instantiable.');
        }

        $methods = $class->getMethods();

        $portTypeWSDL = '<portType name="' . $this->service_name . 'Port">';
        $bindingWSDL = '<binding name="' . $this->service_name . 'Binding" type="tns:' . $this->service_name . "Port\">\n<soap:binding style=\"rpc\" transport=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http\" />\n";
        $serviceWSDL = '<service name="' . $this->service_name . "\">\n<documentation />\n<port name=\"" . $this->service_name . 'Port" binding="tns:' . $this->service_name . "Binding\"><soap:address location=\"http://" . $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] . ':' . $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] . $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] . "\" />\n</port>\n</service>\n";
        $messageWSDL = '';
        foreach ($methods as $method) {
            if ($method->isPublic() && !$method->isConstructor()) {
                $portTypeWSDL.= '<operation name="' . $method->getName() . "\">\n" . '<input message="tns:' . $method->getName() . "Request\" />\n<output message=\"tns:" . $method->getName() . "Response\" />\n</operation>\n";
                $bindingWSDL.= '<operation name="' . $method->getName() . "\">\n" . '<soap:operation soapAction="urn:' . $this->service_name . '#' . $this->class_name . '#' . $method->getName() . "\" />\n<input><soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</input>\n<output>\n<soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</output>\n</operation>\n";
                $messageWSDL.= '<message name="' . $method->getName() . "Request\">\n";
                $parameters = $method->getParameters();
                foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {
                    $messageWSDL.= '<part name="' . $parameter->getName() . "\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
                }
                $messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
                $messageWSDL.= '<message name="' . $method->getName() . "Response\">\n";
                $messageWSDL.= '<part name="' . $method->getName() . "\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
                $messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
            }
        }
        $portTypeWSDL.= "</portType>\n";
        $bindingWSDL.= "</binding>\n";
        //return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');
        //生成wsdl文件，将上面的return注释
        $fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl", "w");
        fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));
    }

    /**
     * SoapDiscovery::getDiscovery() Returns discovery of WSDL.
     *
     * @return string
     * */
    public function getDiscovery() {
        return "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n<disco:discovery xmlns:disco=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/\" xmlns:scl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/scl/\">\n<scl:contractRef ref=\"http://" . $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] . ':' . $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] . $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] . "?wsdl\" />\n</disco:discovery>";
    }

}

?>