Make sure only single/one instance running – with File Lock and ShutdownHook

http://jimlife.wordpress.com/2008/07/21/java-application-make-sure-only-singleone-instance-running-with-file-lock-ampampampampamp-shutdownhook/

 应该说，这篇文章讲述的是启动、关闭一个程序的最佳实践或常用方案。

涉及的方面是：

1，当程序已经运行时，使用lock文件，防止有人试图再次启动该程序。

2， 程序关闭时，使用shutdown hook保证一些收尾工作被执行。

代码如下，非常非常的简单~

package test.jimmy.filelock;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.FileLock;

public class MyApp {

    private static File f;
    private static FileChannel channel;
    private static FileLock lock;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            f = new File("RingOnRequest.lock");
            // Check if the lock exist

            if (f.exists()) {
                // if exist try to delete it

                //如果抛出IO异常，说明有其他process占用，则停止运行。

               //这里不仅仅是检查lock文件是否存在，而且检查是否被占用。
               //这样就避免了由于特殊原因导致lock未被删除，进而导致程序无法再次启动的问题。
               f.delete();
            }
            // Try to get the lock

            //这个用法没见过，学习一下
           //只有通过channel才能get一个FileLock
            channel = new RandomAccessFile(f, "rw").getChannel();
            lock = channel.tryLock();

            if(lock == null)
            {
                // File is lock by other application
               channel.close();
                throw new RuntimeException("Only 1 instance of MyApp can run.");
            }
            // Add shutdown hook to release lock when application shutdown

          // 另外一个用法就是使用shutdownhook保证收尾的工作一定会被执行
            ShutdownHook shutdownHook = new ShutdownHook();
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(shutdownHook);

           //Your application tasks here..
           System.out.println("Running");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
        catch(IOException e)
        {
            throw new RuntimeException("Could not start process.", e);
        }

    }

    public static void unlockFile() {
        // release and delete file lock
        try {
            if(lock != null) {
                lock.release();
                channel.close();
                f.delete();
           }
        } catch(IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    static class ShutdownHook extends Thread {

        public void run() {
            unlockFile();
        }
    }

}