为应用程序添加脚本支持

代码运行效果图如下：
 

介绍
有时我们并不需要提供完整的脚本支持,就像本文所要介绍的ActiveX脚本宿主(script hosting,可能称为脚本引擎更好理解),本文提供的ScriptControlMacro程序展示了使用Microsoft脚本控件简单地实现脚本支持功能,代码中还包括了以下一些技术:

用文件映射实现只允许一个应用实例.
如何用MFC存储读取二进制注册表数据
如何保存恢复应用程序窗口尺寸,位置
如何在CEditView派生类中使用不同地字体
如何捕捉OLE异常并显示错误信息
等...

开始前的准备
这篇文章假定你已经对COM、ActiveX控件、OLE自动化有所熟悉，并知道如何在MFC里使用他们。因为这些技术包含了相当多的内容，因此你应该先学习一下这些内容再来看本文。

基本步骤：
1、建立一个提供ActiveX控件支持的新的MFC工程
2、使用ClassWizard从脚本控件类型库中建立一个dispatch类
ClassWizard将为脚本控件接口生成头文件与执行文件。

// Machine generated IDispatch wrapper class(es) created with
// ClassWizard


// IScriptControl wrapper class

class IScriptControl : public COleDispatchDriver
{
// Operations
public:
  void SetLanguage(LPCTSTR lpszNewValue);
  void SetSitehWnd(HWND hWnd);
  LPDISPATCH GetError();
  void AddObject(LPCTSTR Name, LPDISPATCH Object,
                 BOOL AddMembers);
  void AddCode(LPCTSTR Code);
};

// Machine generated IDispatch wrapper class(es) created
// with ClassWizard

#include "stdafx.h"

#include "MSScriptControl.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif


// IScriptControl operations

void IScriptControl::SetLanguage(LPCTSTR lpszNewValue)
{
  static BYTE parms[] =
    VTS_BSTR;
  InvokeHelper(0x5dc, DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT, VT_EMPTY,
               NULL, parms,
    lpszNewValue);
}

void IScriptControl::SetSitehWnd(HWND hWnd)
{
  static BYTE parms[] =
    VTS_I4;
  InvokeHelper(0x5de, DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT, VT_EMPTY,
               NULL, parms,
    hWnd);
}

LPDISPATCH IScriptControl::GetError()
{
  LPDISPATCH result;
  InvokeHelper(0x5e3, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, VT_DISPATCH,
               (void*)&result, NULL);
  return result;
}

void IScriptControl::AddObject(LPCTSTR Name,
                               LPDISPATCH Object,
                               BOOL AddMembers)
{
  static BYTE parms[] =
    VTS_BSTR VTS_DISPATCH VTS_BOOL;
  InvokeHelper(0x9c4, DISPATCH_METHOD, VT_EMPTY, NULL, parms,
     Name, Object, AddMembers);
}

void IScriptControl::AddCode(LPCTSTR Code)
{
  static BYTE parms[] =
    VTS_BSTR;
  InvokeHelper(0x7d0, DISPATCH_METHOD, VT_EMPTY, NULL, parms,
    Code);
}

3、删除类中不需要的IDispatch封装的方法
4、如果你想自己添加函数，可以用ClassWizard添加一个自动化类。
ClasWizard将为IDispatch接口产生如下头文件与执行文件：

// ScriptControlMacroDispatch.h : interface of the
// CScriptControlMacroDispatch class
//


#if !defined(AFX_SCRIPTCONTROLMACRODISPATCH_H__FB55B5AF_
    00E5_47F5_B176_214B2C7BF19A__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_SCRIPTCONTROLMACRODISPATCH_H__FB55B5AF_00E5_
        47F5_B176_214B2C7BF19A__INCLUDED_

#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif    // _MSC_VER > 1000


// CScriptControlMacroDispatch command target

class CScriptControlMacroDispatch : public CCmdTarget
{
  DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CScriptControlMacroDispatch)

  CScriptControlMacroDispatch();
           // protected constructor used by dynamic creation

// Overrides
  // ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
  //{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CScriptControlMacroDispatch)
  //}}AFX_VIRTUAL

// Implementation

protected:
  //friend class CScriptControlMacroView;
  // Generated message map functions
  //{{AFX_MSG(CScriptControlMacroDispatch)
    // NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove member
    // functions here.
  //}}AFX_MSG

  DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
  // Generated OLE dispatch map functions
  //{{AFX_DISPATCH(CScriptControlMacroDispatch)
  afx_msg void Test1();
  afx_msg void Test2();
  //}}AFX_DISPATCH
  DECLARE_DISPATCH_MAP()
  DECLARE_INTERFACE_MAP()
};

// Note: we add support for IID_IScriptControlMacroDispatch
// to support typesafe binding from VBA. This IID must match
// the GUID that is attached to the dispinterface in the
// .ODL file.

// {69AA5686-41AF-4CD9-AEAE-9DB88130E7C1}
static const IID IID_IScriptControlMacroDispatch =
{0x69AA5686, 0x41AF, 0x4CD9, {0xAE, 0xAE, 0x9D, 0xB8,
 0x81, 0x30, 0xE7, 0xC1}};



//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations
// immediately before the previous line.

#endif    // !defined(AFX_SCRIPTCONTROLMACRODISPATCH_H__
          // FB55B5AF_00E5_47F5_B176_214B2C7BF19A__INCLUDED_)

// ScriptControlMacroDispatch.cpp : implementation of the
// CScriptControlMacroDispatch class
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ScriptControlMacroDispatch.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif


// CScriptControlMacroDispatch

IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CScriptControlMacroDispatch, CCmdTarget)

CScriptControlMacroDispatch::CScriptControlMacroDispatch()
{
  EnableAutomation();
}

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CScriptControlMacroDispatch, CCmdTarget)
  //{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CScriptControlMacroDispatch)
    // NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove mapping
    // macros here.
  //}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

BEGIN_DISPATCH_MAP(CScriptControlMacroDispatch, CCmdTarget)
  //{{AFX_DISPATCH_MAP(CScriptControlMacroDispatch)
  DISP_FUNCTION(CScriptControlMacroDispatch,
                "Test1", Test1, VT_EMPTY, VTS_NONE)
  DISP_FUNCTION(CScriptControlMacroDispatch,
                "Test2", Test2, VT_EMPTY, VTS_NONE)
  //}}AFX_DISPATCH_MAP
END_DISPATCH_MAP()

BEGIN_INTERFACE_MAP(CScriptControlMacroDispatch, CCmdTarget)
  INTERFACE_PART(CScriptControlMacroDispatch,
                 IID_IScriptControlMacroDispatch, Dispatch)
END_INTERFACE_MAP()


// CScriptControlMacroDispatch message handlers

void CScriptControlMacroDispatch::Test1()
{
  // TODO: Add your dispatch handler code here

  AfxMessageBox(CString(_T("\"")) + GetDispatchMap()->
                lpEntries->lpszName + _T("\" method call of
                the \"") + RUNTIME_CLASS(
                CScriptControlMacroDispatch)->m_lpszClassName
                + _T("\" class"), MB_ICONASTERISK);
}

void CScriptControlMacroDispatch::Test2()
{
  // TODO: Add your dispatch handler code here

  AfxMessageBox(CString(_T("\"")) + GetDispatchMap()->
                lpEntries[1].lpszName + _T("\" method
                call of the \"") + RUNTIME_CLASS(
                CScriptControlMacroDispatch)->m_lpszClassName
                + _T("\" class"), MB_ICONASTERISK);
}


5、这样在产生的代码中已经实现了一些自定义的东西
a. 不必要的声名和代码已经删除
b. 全局的应用程序对象已经声名：extern CScriptControlMacroApp theApp
c. MFC隐含函数声名已经添加：CString AFXAPI AfxStringFromCLSID( REFCLSID ). 
d. 为了使用AfxStringFromCLSID，IID_IScriptControlMacroDispatch定义已经移到了头文件中

6、为了在所有MFC程序中方便地提供Unicode支持，在AFX.H头文件中作了如下定制： 

// Win32 libraries

// Start of customization
#ifdef _UNICODE
    #pragma comment(linker, "/entry:wWinMainCRTStartup")
#endif
// End of customization


7、为了在所有MFC工程中使用 _WIN32_WINDOWS=0x500 这个预定义，在AFXV_W32.H头文件中作了如下定制： 
#ifndef ALL_WARNINGS
#pragma warning(disable: 4201)
    // winnt.h uses nameless structs
#endif

// Start of customization
#ifndef _WIN32_WINDOWS
// End of customization
#define _WIN32_WINDOWS 0x0500
// Start of customization
#endif
// End of customization

 

更多信息可以查看源代码或访问微软WINDOWS脚本技术网页 http://msdn.microsoft.com/scripting/