Android与服务器端数据交互（基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice）
上一节中我们通过http协议，采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据。当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种。WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，
那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。
我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：
首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包
然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：
以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法：
第一：实例化SoapObject 对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：
//
命名空间
private
static
final
String serviceNameSpace
=
"
http://WebXml.com.cn/
"
;
//
调用方法(获得支持的城市)
private
static
final
String getSupportCity
=
"
getSupportCity
"
;
//
实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request
=
new
SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数
request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");
第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):
//
获得序列化的Envelope
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope
=
new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.bodyOut
=
request;
第四步：注册Envelope,
(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：
//
请求URL
private
static
final
String serviceURL
=
"
http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx
"
;
//
Android传输对象
AndroidHttpTransport transport
=
new
AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
transport.debug
=
true
;
第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象):
transport.call(serviceNameSpace
+
getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
第七步：解析返回数据：
if
(envelope.getResponse()
!=
null
){
return
parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
}
/**
************
* 解析XML
*
@param
str
*
@return
*/
private
static
List
<
String
>
parse(String str){
String temp;
List
<
String
>
list
=
new
ArrayList
<
String
>
();
if
(str
!=
null
&&
str.length()
>
0
){
int
start
=
str.indexOf(
"
string
"
);
int
end
=
str.lastIndexOf(
"
;
"
);
temp
=
str.substring(start, end
-
3
);
String []test
=
temp.split(
"
;
"
);
for
(
int
i
=
0
;i
<
test.length;i
++
){
if
(i
==
0
){
temp
=
test[i].substring(
7
);
}
else
{
temp
=
test[i].substring(
8
);
}
int
index
=
temp.indexOf(
"
,
"
);
list.add(temp.substring(
0
, index));
}
}
return
list;
}
这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧，这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的，我这里只提供获取城市列表：
//命名空间
private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
//请求URL
private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
//调用方法(获得支持的城市)
private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
//调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
//调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
然后你可以在浏览器中输入地址（WSDL）：serviceURL,你会看到一些可供调用的方法：
我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后调用，你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档：
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
-
<
ArrayOfString
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns
="http://WebXml.com.cn/"
>
<
string
>
直辖市
</
string
>
<
string
>
特别行政区
</
string
>
<
string
>
黑龙江
</
string
>
<
string
>
吉林
</
string
>
<
string
>
辽宁
</
string
>
<
string
>
内蒙古
</
string
>
<
string
>
河北
</
string
>
<
string
>
河南
</
string
>
<
string
>
山东
</
string
>
<
string
>
山西
</
string
>
<
string
>
江苏
</
string
>
<
string
>
安徽
</
string
>
<
string
>
陕西
</
string
>
<
string
>
宁夏
</
string
>
<
string
>
甘肃
</
string
>
<
string
>
青海
</
string
>
<
string
>
湖北
</
string
>
<
string
>
湖南
</
string
>
<
string
>
浙江
</
string
>
<
string
>
江西
</
string
>
<
string
>
福建
</
string
>
<
string
>
贵州
</
string
>
<
string
>
四川
</
string
>
<
string
>
广东
</
string
>
<
string
>
广西
</
string
>
<
string
>
云南
</
string
>
<
string
>
海南
</
string
>
<
string
>
新疆
</
string
>
<
string
>
西藏
</
string
>
<
string
>
台湾
</
string
>
<
string
>
亚洲
</
string
>
<
string
>
欧洲
</
string
>
<
string
>
非洲
</
string
>
<
string
>
北美洲
</
string
>
<
string
>
南美洲
</
string
>
<
string
>
大洋洲
</
string
>
</
ArrayOfString
>
我们可以用 listview来显示：
那么下面我将给出全部代码：
public
class
WebServiceHelper {
//
WSDL文档中的命名空间
private
static
final
String targetNameSpace
=
"
http://WebXml.com.cn/
"
;
//
WSDL文档中的URL
private
static
final
String WSDL
=
"
http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl
"
;
//
需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
private
static
final
String getSupportProvince
=
"
getSupportProvince
"
;
//
需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)
private
static
final
String getSupportCity
=
"
getSupportCity
"
;
//
根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数
private
static
final
String getWeatherbyCityName
=
"
getWeatherbyCityName
"
;
/**
******
* 获得州，国内外省份和城市信息
*
@return
*/
public
List
<
String
>
getProvince(){
List
<
String
>
provinces
=
new
ArrayList
<
String
>
();
String str
=
""
;
SoapObject soapObject
=
new
SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);
//
request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope
=
new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.dotNet
=
true
;
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
//
envelope.bodyOut=request;
AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation
=
new
AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
//
或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
try
{
httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace
+
getSupportProvince, envelope);
SoapObject result
=
(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
//
下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
//
str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString();
int
count
=
result.getPropertyCount();
for
(
int
index
=
0
;index
<
count;index
++
){
provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
}
}
catch
(IOException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(XmlPullParserException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
provinces;
}
/**
********
* 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合
*
@param
province
*
@return
*/
public
List
<
String
>
getCitys(String province){
List
<
String
>
citys
=
new
ArrayList
<
String
>
();
SoapObject soapObject
=
new
SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
soapObject.addProperty(
"
byProvinceName
"
, province);
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope
=
new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.dotNet
=
true
;
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport
=
new
AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
try
{
httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace
+
getSupportCity, envelope);
SoapObject result
=
(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
int
count
=
result.getPropertyCount();
for
(
int
index
=
0
;index
<
count;index
++
){
citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
}
}
catch
(IOException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(XmlPullParserException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
citys;
}
/**
*************************
* 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息
*
@param
city
*
@return
**************************
*/
public
WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){
WeatherBean bean
=
new
WeatherBean();
SoapObject soapObject
=
new
SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
soapObject.addProperty(
"
theCityName
"
,city);
//
调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope
=
new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.dotNet
=
true
;
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
//
envelope.bodyOut=request;
AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation
=
new
AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
//
或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
try
{
httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace
+
getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
SoapObject result
=
(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
//
下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
bean
=
parserWeather(result);
}
catch
(IOException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(XmlPullParserException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
bean;
}
/**
* 解析返回的结果
*
@param
soapObject
*/
protected
WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
WeatherBean bean
=
new
WeatherBean();
List
<
Map
<
String,Object
>>
list
=
new
ArrayList
<
Map
<
String,Object
>>
();
Map
<
String,Object
>
map
=
new
HashMap
<
String,Object
>
();
//
城市名
bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(
1
).toString());
//
城市简介
bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()
-
1
).toString());
//
天气实况+建议
bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(
10
).toString()
+
"
\n
"
+
soapObject.getProperty(
11
).toString());
//
其他数据
//
日期，
String date
=
soapObject.getProperty(
6
).toString();
//
---------------------------------------------------
String weatherToday
=
"
今天：
"
+
date.split(
"
"
)[
0
];
weatherToday
+=
"
\n天气：
"
+
date.split(
"
"
)[
1
];
weatherToday
+=
"
\n气温：
"
+
soapObject.getProperty(
5
).toString();
weatherToday
+=
"
\n风力：
"
+
soapObject.getProperty(
7
).toString();
weatherToday
+=
"
\n
"
;
List
<
Integer
>
icons
=
new
ArrayList
<
Integer
>
();
icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(
8
).toString()));
icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(
9
).toString()));
map.put(
"
weatherDay
"
, weatherToday);
map.put(
"
icons
"
,icons);
list.add(map);
//
-------------------------------------------------
map
=
new
HashMap
<
String,Object
>
();
date
=
soapObject.getProperty(
13
).toString();
String weatherTomorrow
=
"
明天：
"
+
date.split(
"
"
)[
0
];
weatherTomorrow
+=
"
\n天气：
"
+
date.split(
"
"
)[
1
];
weatherTomorrow
+=
"
\n气温：
"
+
soapObject.getProperty(
12
).toString();
weatherTomorrow
+=
"
\n风力：
"
+
soapObject.getProperty(
14
).toString();
weatherTomorrow
+=
"
\n
"
;
icons
=
new
ArrayList
<
Integer
>
();
icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(
15
).toString()));
icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(
16
).toString()));
map.put(
"
weatherDay
"
, weatherTomorrow);
map.put(
"
icons
"
,icons);
list.add(map);
//
--------------------------------------------------------------
map
=
new
HashMap
<
String,Object
>
();
date
=
soapObject.getProperty(
18
).toString();
String weatherAfterTomorrow
=
"
后天：
"
+
date.split(
"
"
)[
0
];
weatherAfterTomorrow
+=
"
\n天气：
"
+
date.split(
"
"
)[
1
];
weatherAfterTomorrow
+=
"
\n气温：
"
+
soapObject.getProperty(
17
).toString();
weatherAfterTomorrow
+=
"
\n风力：
"
+
soapObject.getProperty(
19
).toString();
weatherAfterTomorrow
+=
"
\n
"
;
icons
=
new
ArrayList
<
Integer
>
();
icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(
20
).toString()));
icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(
21
).toString()));
map.put(
"
weatherDay
"
, weatherAfterTomorrow);
map.put(
"
icons
"
,icons);
list.add(map);
//
--------------------------------------------------------------
bean.setList(list);
return
bean;
}
//
解析图标字符串
private
int
parseIcon(String data){
//
0.gif，返回名称0,
int
resID
=
32
;
String result
=
data.substring(
0
, data.length()
-
4
).trim();
//
String []icon=data.split(".");
//
String result=icon[0].trim();
//
Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim());
if
(
!
result.equals(
"
nothing
"
)){
resID
=
Integer.parseInt(result.trim());
}
return
resID;
//
return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0];
}
}
以及帮助类：
public
class
WebServiceUtil {
//
命名空间
private
static
final
String serviceNameSpace
=
"
http://WebXml.com.cn/
"
;
//
请求URL
private
static
final
String serviceURL
=
"
http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx
"
;
//
调用方法(获得支持的城市)
private
static
final
String getSupportCity
=
"
getSupportCity
"
;
//
调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
private
static
final
String getWeatherbyCityName
=
"
getWeatherbyCityName
"
;
//
调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
private
static
final
String getSupportProvince
=
"
getSupportProvince
"
;
/**
***********
* @return城市列表
************
*/
public
static
List
<
String
>
getCityList(){
//
实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request
=
new
SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
//
获得序列化的Envelope
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope
=
new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.bodyOut
=
request;
(
new
MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
//
Android传输对象
AndroidHttpTransport transport
=
new
AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
transport.debug
=
true
;
//
调用
try
{
transport.call(serviceNameSpace
+
getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
if
(envelope.getResponse()
!=
null
){
return
parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
}
}
catch
(IOException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(XmlPullParserException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
null
;
}
public
static
List
<
String
>
getProviceList(){
//
实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request
=
new
SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince);
//
获得序列化的Envelope
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope
=
new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.bodyOut
=
request;
(
new
MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
//
Android传输对象
AndroidHttpTransport transport
=
new
AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
transport.debug
=
true
;
//
调用
try
{
transport.call(serviceNameSpace
+
getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
if
(envelope.getResponse()
!=
null
){
return
null
;
}
}
catch
(IOException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(XmlPullParserException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
null
;
}
/**
***********
*
@param
cityName
*
@return
************
*/
public
static
String getWeather(String cityName){
return
""
;
}
/**
************
* 解析XML
*
@param
str
*
@return
*/
private
static
List
<
String
>
parse(String str){
String temp;
List
<
String
>
list
=
new
ArrayList
<
String
>
();
if
(str
!=
null
&&
str.length()
>
0
){
int
start
=
str.indexOf(
"
string
"
);
int
end
=
str.lastIndexOf(
"
;
"
);
temp
=
str.substring(start, end
-
3
);
String []test
=
temp.split(
"
;
"
);
for
(
int
i
=
0
;i
<
test.length;i
++
){
if
(i
==
0
){
temp
=
test[i].substring(
7
);
}
else
{
temp
=
test[i].substring(
8
);
}
int
index
=
temp.indexOf(
"
,
"
);
list.add(temp.substring(
0
, index));
}
}
return
list;
}
/**
*******
* 获取天气
*
@param
soapObject
*/
private
void
parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
//
String date=soapObject.getProperty(6);
}
}
以上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了，读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现，相信很快就搞明白了，运行结果如下：
到此结束，下一节主要是socket通信了。
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