最近项目中,用户评论内容需要屏蔽敏感词汇,从网上总结以下方法,(不区分大小写,如想设置大小写敏感,可以把代码中content..toLowerCase()去掉).具体看代码:
1.读取敏感词汇文档
<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.blemall.wizlife.util.sensitive;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* @Description: 初始化敏感词库,将敏感词加入到HashMap中,构建DFA算法模型
* @Project:test
* @version 1.0
*/
public class SensitiveWordInit {
private String ENCODING = "UTF-8"; //字符编码
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public HashMap sensitiveWordMap;
public SensitiveWordInit(){
super();
}
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public Map initKeyWord(){
try {
//读取敏感词库
Set<String> keyWordSet = readSensitiveWordFile();
//将敏感词库加入到HashMap中
addSensitiveWordToHashMap(keyWordSet);
//spring获取application,然后application.setAttribute("sensitiveWordMap",sensitiveWordMap);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sensitiveWordMap;
}
/**
* 读取敏感词库,将敏感词放入HashSet中,构建一个DFA算法模型:<br>
* 中 = {
* isEnd = 0
* 国 = {<br>
* isEnd = 1
* 人 = {isEnd = 0
* 民 = {isEnd = 1}
* }
* 男 = {
* isEnd = 0
* 人 = {
* isEnd = 1
* }
* }
* }
* }
* 五 = {
* isEnd = 0
* 星 = {
* isEnd = 0
* 红 = {
* isEnd = 0
* 旗 = {
* isEnd = 1
* }
* }
* }
* }
* @param keyWordSet 敏感词库
* @version 1.0
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
private void addSensitiveWordToHashMap(Set<String> keyWordSet) {
sensitiveWordMap = new HashMap(keyWordSet.size()); //初始化敏感词容器,减少扩容操作
String key = null;
Map nowMap = null;
Map<String, String> newWorMap = null;
//迭代keyWordSet
Iterator<String> iterator = keyWordSet.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
key = iterator.next(); //关键字
nowMap = sensitiveWordMap;
for(int i = 0 ; i < key.length() ; i++){
char keyChar = key.charAt(i); //转换成char型
Object wordMap = nowMap.get(keyChar); //获取
if(wordMap != null){ //如果存在该key,直接赋值
nowMap = (Map) wordMap;
}
else{ //不存在则,则构建一个map,同时将isEnd设置为0,因为他不是最后一个
newWorMap = new HashMap<String,String>();
newWorMap.put("isEnd", "0"); //不是最后一个
nowMap.put(keyChar, newWorMap);
nowMap = newWorMap;
}
if(i == key.length() - 1){
nowMap.put("isEnd", "1"); //最后一个
}
}
}
}
/**
* 读取敏感词库中的内容,将内容添加到set集合中
* @author chenming
* @date 2014年4月20日 下午2:31:18
* @return
* @version 1.0
* @throws Exception
*/
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
private Set<String> readSensitiveWordFile() throws Exception{
Set<String> set = null;
ClassLoader loader=SensitiveWordInit.class.getClassLoader();
URL url=loader.getResource("/SensitiveWord.txt");
String filePath =url.getPath();
File file=new File(filePath);
InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file),ENCODING);
try {
if(file.isFile() && file.exists()){ //文件流是否存在
set = new HashSet<String>();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(read);
String txt = null;
while((txt = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){ //读取文件,将文件内容放入到set中
set.add(txt);
}
}
else{ //不存在抛出异常信息
throw new Exception("敏感词库文件不存在");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
}finally{
read.close(); //关闭文件流
}
return set;
}
}
</span>
2.具体方法:
replaceSensitiveWord(String content(内容),int matchType(匹配规则),String replaceChar(替换词))
附件:敏感词汇表(SensitiveWord.txt)<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.blemall.wizlife.util.sensitive; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; @Component public class SensitivewordFilter { @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") private Map sensitiveWordMap = null; public static int minMatchTYpe = 1; //最小匹配规则 public static int maxMatchType = 2; //最大匹配规则 /** * 构造函数,初始化敏感词库 */ public SensitivewordFilter(){ sensitiveWordMap = new SensitiveWordInit().initKeyWord(); } /** * 判断文字是否包含敏感字符 * @param txt 文字 * @param matchType 匹配规则 1:最小匹配规则,2:最大匹配规则 * @return 若包含返回true,否则返回false * @version 1.0 */ public boolean isContaintSensitiveWord(String txt,int matchType){ boolean flag = false; for(int i = 0 ; i < txt.length() ; i++){ int matchFlag = this.CheckSensitiveWord(txt, i, matchType); //判断是否包含敏感字符 if(matchFlag > 0){ //大于0存在,返回true flag = true; } } return flag; } /** * 获取文字中的敏感词 * @param txt 文字 * @param matchType 匹配规则 1:最小匹配规则,2:最大匹配规则 * @return * @version 1.0 */ public Set<String> getSensitiveWord(String txt , int matchType){ Set<String> sensitiveWordList = new HashSet<String>(); for(int i = 0 ; i < txt.length() ; i++){ int length = CheckSensitiveWord(txt, i, matchType); //判断是否包含敏感字符 if(length > 0){ //存在,加入list中 sensitiveWordList.add(txt.substring(i, i+length)); i = i + length - 1; //减1的原因,是因为for会自增 } } return sensitiveWordList; } /** * @date 2014年4月20日 下午5:12:07 * @param content * @param matchType * @param replaceChar 替换字符,默认* * @version 1.0 */ public String replaceSensitiveWord(String content,int matchType,String replaceChar){ String resultTxt = content; Set<String> set = getSensitiveWord(content.toLowerCase(), matchType);//将输入内容先转换为小写,获取所有的敏感词 Iterator<String> iterator = set.iterator(); String word = null; String replaceString = null; while (iterator.hasNext()) { word = iterator.next(); word="(?i)"+word; replaceString = getReplaceChars(replaceChar, word.length()); resultTxt = resultTxt.replaceAll(word, replaceString); } return resultTxt; } /** * 获取替换字符串 * @param replaceChar * @param length * @return * @version 1.0 */ private String getReplaceChars(String replaceChar,int length){ String resultReplace = replaceChar; for(int i = 1 ; i < length ; i++){ resultReplace += replaceChar; } return resultReplace; } /** * 检查文字中是否包含敏感字符,检查规则如下:<br> * @param txt * @param beginIndex * @param matchType * @return,如果存在,则返回敏感词字符的长度,不存在返回0 * @version 1.0 */ @SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes"}) public int CheckSensitiveWord(String txt,int beginIndex,int matchType){ boolean flag = false; //敏感词结束标识位:用于敏感词只有1位的情况 int matchFlag = 0; //匹配标识数默认为0 char word = 0; Map nowMap = sensitiveWordMap; for(int i = beginIndex; i < txt.length() ; i++){ word = txt.charAt(i); nowMap = (Map) nowMap.get(word); //获取指定key if(nowMap != null){ //存在,则判断是否为最后一个 matchFlag++; //找到相应key,匹配标识+1 if("1".equals(nowMap.get("isEnd"))){ //如果为最后一个匹配规则,结束循环,返回匹配标识数 flag = true; //结束标志位为true if(SensitivewordFilter.minMatchTYpe == matchType){ //最小规则,直接返回,最大规则还需继续查找 break; } } } else{ //不存在,直接返回 break; } } if(matchFlag < 2 || !flag){ //长度必须大于等于1,为词 matchFlag = 0; } return matchFlag; } } </span>