WPF TreeView递归异步绑定

WPF的TreeView不像WinForms的TreeView那样，通过TreeNode实现树型节点。WPF的TreeView实现起来，我感觉有点像VM(View-Model)模式，就像WinForms中的DataGrid，控件负责显示，数据在DataTable中。那么我们在实现TreeView时，也需要用这样的思路，数据在Model中，控件是View负责显示。

我需要实现的最终目标是：
1.节点是异步加载的（解决效率问题）
2.节点是无限级别的（递归的，这样可复用与目录结构、组织架构等数据类型）
3.节点是可以多选的（用CheckBox选择）
4.XAML方式绑定（减少UI上Code量）
5.方便得获取选中项信息

先看效果图：


1）数据库设计与准备
为了演示方便，采用了ACCESS数据库，添加一个Department表
表字段：

数据内容：

2）创建WPF项目

3）数据访问类
为了图方便，我采用了Linq to DataSet

 

Code:

1. using System;   
2. using System.Collections.Generic;   
3. using System.Linq;   
4. using System.Text;   
5. using DepartmentTreeView.DB;   
6. using System.Collections;   
7. using DepartmentTreeView.DB.SampleDataSetTableAdapters;   
8.   
9. namespace DepartmentTreeView {   
10.     public class DepartmentHelper {   
11.   
12.         static SampleDataSet ds = new SampleDataSet();   
13.         static DepartmentTableAdapter da = new DepartmentTableAdapter();   
14.   
15.         static DepartmentHelper() {   
16.             da.Fill(ds.Department);   
17.         }   
18.   
19.         public static object GetDepartment(int did) {   
20.             var depart = ds.Department.Where(c => c.DID == did).SingleOrDefault();   
21.             return depart;   
22.         }   
23.   
24.         public static IEnumerable GetSubDepartments(int pid) {   
25.             var list = ds.Department.Where(c => c.PID == pid).ToList();   
26.             return list;   
27.         }   
28.     }   
29. }   

4）创建TreeView 的Model类DepartmentViewModel

Code:

1. using System;   
2. using System.Collections.Generic;   
3. using System.Linq;   
4. using System.Text;   
5. using System.ComponentModel;   
6. using System.Collections.ObjectModel;   
7.   
8. namespace DepartmentTreeView {   
9.     public class DepartmentViewModel:INotifyPropertyChanged {   
10.         //临时子节点用，当Expanded时移除此节点，添加子节点   
11.         static readonly DepartmentViewModel _temp = new DepartmentViewModel(null);   
12.         //选中的子节点   
13.         private static ObservableCollection<DepartmentViewModel> _checkedItems = new ObservableCollection<DepartmentViewModel>();   
14.         //根节点   
15.         static DepartmentViewModel _rootItem;  
16.  
17.         #region fields&properties   
18.         private bool? _isChecked;   
19.         public bool? IsChecked {   
20.             get { return _isChecked; }   
21.             set {   
22.                 SetCheckState(value, true, true);   
23.                    
24.             }   
25.         }   
26.         private void SetCheckState(bool? value, bool updateChildren, bool updateParent) {   
27.             if (_isChecked != value) {   
28.                 _isChecked = value;   
29.   
30.                 //通知选中项的集合   
31.                 if (_isChecked == true) {   
32.                     _checkedItems.Add(this);   
33.                     PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("CheckedItems"));   
34.                 } else if (_isChecked == false) {   
35.                     _checkedItems.Remove(this);   
36.                     PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("CheckedItems"));   
37.                 }   
38.   
39.                 PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("IsChecked"));   
40.   
41.                 if (updateChildren) {   
42.                     if (HasChildren()) {   
43.                         Children.ForEach(c => c.SetCheckState(value, true, false));   
44.                     }   
45.                 }   
46.                 if (updateParent && _parent != null) {   
47.                     _parent.VerifyState();   
48.                 }   
49.             }   
50.         }   
51.         private void VerifyState() {   
52.             bool? state = null;   
53.             for (int i = 0; i < this.Children.Count; ++i) {   
54.                 bool? currentState = this.Children[i].IsChecked;   
55.                 if (i == 0) {   
56.                     state = currentState;   
57.                 } else if (state != currentState) {   
58.                     state = null;   
59.                     break;   
60.                 }   
61.             }   
62.             this.SetCheckState(state, false, true);   
63.         }   
64.   
65.         private bool _isExpanded;   
66.         public bool IsExpanded {   
67.             get { return _isExpanded; }   
68.             set {   
69.                 if (value != _isExpanded) {   
70.                     _isExpanded = value;   
71.                     PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("IsExpanded"));   
72.                 }   
73.                 if (!HasChildren()) {   
74.                     Children.Remove(_temp);   
75.                     LoadChildren();   
76.                 }   
77.             }   
78.         }   
79.   
80.         private object _current;   
81.         public object Current {   
82.             get { return _current; }   
83.             set { _current = value; }   
84.         }   
85.         public string DisplayText {   
86.             get { return ((DepartmentTreeView.DB.SampleDataSet.DepartmentRow)Current)["DName"].ToString(); }   
87.         }   
88.   
89.         private DepartmentViewModel _parent;   
90.         public DepartmentViewModel Parent {   
91.             get { return _parent; }   
92.             set { _parent = value; }   
93.         }   
94.   
95.         private List<DepartmentViewModel> _children;   
96.         public List<DepartmentViewModel> Children {   
97.             get { return _children; }   
98.             private set { _children = value; }   
99.         }   
100.         #endregion   
101.   
102.         public static List<DepartmentViewModel> Create() {   
103.             var list = DepartmentHelper.GetSubDepartments(0);   
104.             DepartmentViewModel root = new DepartmentViewModel(null);   
105.             _rootItem = root;   
106.             root.Children.Clear();   
107.             foreach (var item in list) {   
108.                 root.Children.Add(new DepartmentViewModel(item));   
109.             }   
110.             return root.Children;   
111.         }   
112.         private DepartmentViewModel(object currentObject) {   
113.             Current = currentObject;   
114.             _isChecked = false;   
115.             Children = new List<DepartmentViewModel>();   
116.             Children.Add(_temp);   
117.         }   
118.   
119.         /// <summary>   
120.         /// 初始化，用于设置父节点   
121.         /// </summary>   
122.         private void Init() {   
123.             if (!HasChildren()) return;   
124.             foreach (DepartmentViewModel child in Children) {   
125.                 child.Parent = this;   
126.                 child.Init();   
127.             }   
128.             PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Children"));   
129.         }   
130.   
131.         /// <summary>   
132.         /// 加载子节点   
133.         /// </summary>   
134.         private void LoadChildren() {   
135.             if (Current != null) {   
136.                 int pid = Convert.ToInt32(((DepartmentTreeView.DB.SampleDataSet.DepartmentRow)Current)["DID"]);   
137.                 var list = DepartmentHelper.GetSubDepartments(pid);   
138.                 foreach (var item in list) {   
139.                     DepartmentViewModel model = new DepartmentViewModel(item) { _isChecked = this.IsChecked };   
140.                     if (model.IsChecked == true) {   
141.                         _checkedItems.Add(model);   
142.                         PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("CheckedItems"));   
143.                     }   
144.                     Children.Add(model);   
145.                 }   
146.                 Init();   
147.             }   
148.         }   
149.   
150.         /// <summary>   
151.         /// 判断是否有子节点（逻辑是：如果只有一个临时子节点，说明没有真正的子节点）   
152.         /// </summary>   
153.         /// <returns></returns>   
154.         private bool HasChildren() {   
155.             return !(Children.Count == 1 && Children[0] == _temp);   
156.         }   
157.   
158.         public ObservableCollection<DepartmentViewModel> CheckedItems {   
159.             get {   
160.                 return _checkedItems;   
161.             }   
162.         }   
163.   
164.         public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;   
165.     }   
166. }   

5）创建WPF窗体

Code:

1. <Window x:Class="DepartmentTreeView.MainWindow"  
2.         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"  
3.         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"  
4.         xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DepartmentTreeView"  
5.         Title="MainWindow" Height="329" Width="212" FontFamily="Arial">  
6.     <Window.Resources>  
7.         <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="depProvider" ObjectType="{x:Type local:DepartmentViewModel}" MethodName="Create" />  
8.         <Style x:Key="TreeViewItemStyle" TargetType="{x:Type TreeViewItem}">  
9.             <Setter Property="IsExpanded" Value="{Binding Path=IsExpanded,Mode=TwoWay}" />  
10.         </Style>  
11.         <HierarchicalDataTemplate x:Key="CheckBoxItemTemplate" ItemsSource="{Binding Children}">  
12.             <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="0,2,0,0">  
13.                 <CheckBox Focusable="False" IsChecked="{Binding IsChecked,Mode=TwoWay}" VerticalAlignment="Center" />  
14.                 <ContentPresenter Content="{Binding DisplayText,Mode=OneWay}" Margin="2,0" />  
15.             </StackPanel>  
16.         </HierarchicalDataTemplate>  
17.     </Window.Resources>  
18.     <Grid Margin="5">  
19.         <Grid.RowDefinitions>  
20.             <RowDefinition />  
21.             <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />  
22.             <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />  
23.         </Grid.RowDefinitions>  
24.         <TreeView Name="tvDepartment" Grid.Row="0" ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource TreeViewItemStyle}" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource depProvider}}" ItemTemplate="{StaticResource CheckBoxItemTemplate}" />  
25.         <TextBlock Name="tbText" Margin="5" Grid.Row="1">当前选中项：<TextBlock Text="{Binding Source={StaticResource depProvider},Path=CheckedItems.Count,Mode=OneWay,IsAsync=True}" /></TextBlock>  
26.         <Button Margin="5" Grid.Row="2" Content="Get CheckedItems" Click="Button_Click" />  
27.     </Grid>  
28. </Window>  

6）窗口的后置代码

Code:

1. using System.Collections.Generic;   
2. using System.Text;   
3. using System.Windows;   
4. using System.Windows.Data;   
5. using System.Windows.Documents;   
6. using System.ComponentModel;   
7.   
8. namespace DepartmentTreeView {   
9.     /// <summary>   
10.     /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑   
11.     /// </summary>   
12.     public partial class MainWindow : Window {   
13.         public MainWindow() {   
14.             InitializeComponent();   
15.         }   
16.   
17.         private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {   
18.             ObjectDataProvider provider = FindResource("depProvider") as ObjectDataProvider;   
19.             List<DepartmentViewModel> firstLevelItems = provider.Data as List<DepartmentViewModel>;   
20.   
21.             ICollectionView view = CollectionViewSource.GetDefaultView(firstLevelItems);   
22.             DepartmentViewModel rootItem = view.CurrentItem as DepartmentViewModel;   
23.   
24.             List<DepartmentViewModel> checkedItems = CollectionViewSource.GetDefaultView(provider) as List<DepartmentViewModel>;   
25.   
26.             StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();   
27.             foreach (DepartmentViewModel checkItem in rootItem.CheckedItems) {   
28.                 builder.AppendLine(checkItem.DisplayText);   
29.             }   
30.             MessageBox.Show("Checked items:/n" + builder.ToString());   
31.         }   
32.     }   
33. }   

好了，到此大功告成！！！

源代码：http://download.csdn.net/source/3253097