numpy矩阵的基础操作

import numpy

#delimiter分隔符，dtype数据格式
word_alcho = numpy.genfromtxt("D:\qiujiahao4.txt",delimiter=",",dtype="str")
#print (type(word_alcho))

print (word_alcho[0])

['1' '2' '3' '4' 'qiu']

print (word_alcho[0][1])

2

vector = numpy.array([5,10,15,20])
matrix = numpy.array([[5,10,15,20],[1,2,3,4]])
print (vector)
print (matrix)
print (word_alcho)

[ 5 10 15 20]
[[ 5 10 15 20]
 [ 1  2  3  4]]
[['1' '2' '3' '4' 'qiu']
 ['1' '2' '3' '4' 'qiu']]

equal = (vector==10)&(vector==5)  #数组中既等于10又等于5的
print (equal)
equal = (vector==10)|(vector==5)
vector[equal]=1  #将数组中等于10和5的值换成1
print (vector)

print(matrix)
equal = matrix[:,1]==10   #哪一行的第一列等于10
print (equal)
matrix[equal,1]=1   #将这一行的第一列替换成1
print(matrix)

[False False False False]
[ 1  1 15 20]
[[ 5 10 15 20]
 [ 1  2  3  4]]
[ True False]
[[ 5  1 15 20]
 [ 1  2  3  4]]

print (matrix.dtype)
print (vector[0:3])
#冒号代表所有行
print (matrix[:,1])
print (matrix[:,0:2])

int32
[ 1  1 15]
[1 2]
[[5 1]
 [1 2]]

#U75代表utf类型
word_alcho = numpy.genfromtxt("D:\qiujiahao5.txt",delimiter=" ",dtype="U75",skip_header=1)

print (word_alcho)

[['qiu' 'man']
 ['jia' 'woman']]

vector = numpy.array(["1","2","3"])
print (vector.dtype)
print (vector)
vector = vector.astype(float)   #将字符串转化成浮点型
print (vector.dtype)
print (vector) 
print (vector.sum())
print (vector.mean()) #平均值

<U1
['1' '2' '3']
float64
[ 1.  2.  3.]
6.0
2.0

matrix = numpy.array([[12,34,56,78],[11,22,33,44]])
sum = matrix.sum(axis=1)  #指定维度，1代表行，0代表列
print(sum)

[180 110]

word_alcho = numpy.genfromtxt("D:\qiujiahao5.txt",delimiter=" ")
print (word_alcho)#nan代表无法识别的
index = numpy.isnan(word_alcho[:,1])#判断是否是nan
word_alcho[index,0:2]=0
print (word_alcho)
print (word_alcho.sum())
print (word_alcho.mean())

[[  nan   nan  123.]
 [  nan   nan  456.]]
[[   0.    0.  123.]
 [   0.    0.  456.]]
579.0
96.5