HDFS(3)

1.继续研究HDFS写操作的源码过程，客户端通过DistributedFileststem中的create方法创建文件。结构与上一篇读文件的操作类似，会执行FileSystemLinkResolver的resolve方法，即调用docall方法。

public FSDataOutputStream doCall(final Path p)
          throws IOException, UnresolvedLinkException {
        final DFSOutputStream dfsos = dfs.create(getPathName(p), permission,
                cflags, replication, blockSize, progress, bufferSize,
                checksumOpt);
        return dfs.createWrappedOutputStream(dfsos, statistics);
      }

2.docall方法主要操作是客户端实例dfs调用自身的create方法。具体的create方法如下

/**
   * Same as {@link #create(String, FsPermission, EnumSet, boolean, short, long,
   * Progressable, int, ChecksumOpt)} with the addition of favoredNodes that is
   * a hint to where the namenode should place the file blocks.
   * The favored nodes hint is not persisted in HDFS. Hence it may be honored
   * at the creation time only. HDFS could move the blocks during balancing or
   * replication, to move the blocks from favored nodes. A value of null means
   * no favored nodes for this create
   */
  public DFSOutputStream create(String src, 
                             FsPermission permission,
                             EnumSet<CreateFlag> flag, 
                             boolean createParent,
                             short replication,
                             long blockSize,
                             Progressable progress,
                             int buffersize,
                             ChecksumOpt checksumOpt,
                             InetSocketAddress[] favoredNodes) throws IOException {
    checkOpen();
    if (permission == null) {
      permission = FsPermission.getFileDefault();
    }
    FsPermission masked = permission.applyUMask(dfsClientConf.uMask);
    if(LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
      LOG.debug(src + ": masked=" + masked);
    }
    String[] favoredNodeStrs = null;
    if (favoredNodes != null) {
      favoredNodeStrs = new String[favoredNodes.length];
      for (int i = 0; i < favoredNodes.length; i++) {
        favoredNodeStrs[i] = 
            favoredNodes[i].getHostName() + ":" 
                         + favoredNodes[i].getPort();
      }
    }
    final DFSOutputStream result = DFSOutputStream.newStreamForCreate(this,
        src, masked, flag, createParent, replication, blockSize, progress,
        buffersize, dfsClientConf.createChecksum(checksumOpt),
        favoredNodeStrs);
    beginFileLease(result.getFileId(), result);
    return result;
  }

3.这个create主要是会创建一个favoredNodes，表示nn应该在哪里放置文件的block，主要关注里面的newStreamForCreate方法。

static DFSOutputStream newStreamForCreate(DFSClient dfsClient, String src,
      FsPermission masked, EnumSet<CreateFlag> flag, boolean createParent,
      short replication, long blockSize, Progressable progress, int buffersize,
      DataChecksum checksum, String[] favoredNodes) throws IOException {
    HdfsFileStatus stat = null;

    // Retry the create if we get a RetryStartFileException up to a maximum
    // number of times
    boolean shouldRetry = true;
    int retryCount = CREATE_RETRY_COUNT;
    while (shouldRetry) {
      shouldRetry = false;
      try {
        stat = dfsClient.namenode.create(src, masked, dfsClient.clientName,
            new EnumSetWritable<CreateFlag>(flag), createParent, replication,
            blockSize, SUPPORTED_CRYPTO_VERSIONS);
        break;
      } catch (RemoteException re) {
        IOException e = re.unwrapRemoteException(
            AccessControlException.class,
            DSQuotaExceededException.class,
            FileAlreadyExistsException.class,
            FileNotFoundException.class,
            ParentNotDirectoryException.class,
            NSQuotaExceededException.class,
            RetryStartFileException.class,
            SafeModeException.class,
            UnresolvedPathException.class,
            SnapshotAccessControlException.class,
            UnknownCryptoProtocolVersionException.class);
        if (e instanceof RetryStartFileException) {
          if (retryCount > 0) {
            shouldRetry = true;
            retryCount--;
          } else {
            throw new IOException("Too many retries because of encryption" +
                " zone operations", e);
          }
        } else {
          throw e;
        }
      }
    }
    Preconditions.checkNotNull(stat, "HdfsFileStatus should not be null!");
    final DFSOutputStream out = new DFSOutputStream(dfsClient, src, stat,
        flag, progress, checksum, favoredNodes);
    out.start();
    return out;
  }

4.在这个方法中，主要关注最下面返回值DFSOutputStream部分，看到了start方法，立马想到了线程，于是在DFSOutputStream中到run方法。

<span style="font-size:18px;">/*
     * streamer thread is the only thread that opens streams to datanode, 
     * and closes them. Any error recovery is also done by this thread.
     */
    @Override
    </span><span style="font-size:12px;">public void run() {
      long lastPacket = Time.now();
      TraceScope traceScope = null;
      if (traceSpan != null) {
        traceScope = Trace.continueSpan(traceSpan);
      }
      while (!streamerClosed && dfsClient.clientRunning) {

        // if the Responder encountered an error, shutdown Responder
        if (hasError && response != null) {
          try {
            response.close();
            response.join();
            response = null;
          } catch (InterruptedException  e) {
            DFSClient.LOG.warn("Caught exception ", e);
          }
        }

        Packet one;
        try {
          // process datanode IO errors if any
          boolean doSleep = false;
          if (hasError && (errorIndex >= 0 || restartingNodeIndex >= 0)) {
            doSleep = processDatanodeError();
          }

          synchronized (dataQueue) {
            // wait for a packet to be sent.
            long now = Time.now();
            while ((!streamerClosed && !hasError && dfsClient.clientRunning 
                && dataQueue.size() == 0 && 
                (stage != BlockConstructionStage.DATA_STREAMING || 
                 stage == BlockConstructionStage.DATA_STREAMING && 
                 now - lastPacket < dfsClient.getConf().socketTimeout/2)) || doSleep ) {
              long timeout = dfsClient.getConf().socketTimeout/2 - (now-lastPacket);
              timeout = timeout <= 0 ? 1000 : timeout;
              timeout = (stage == BlockConstructionStage.DATA_STREAMING)?
                 timeout : 1000;
              try {
                dataQueue.wait(timeout);
              } catch (InterruptedException  e) {
                DFSClient.LOG.warn("Caught exception ", e);
              }
              doSleep = false;
              now = Time.now();
            }
            if (streamerClosed || hasError || !dfsClient.clientRunning) {
              continue;
            }
            // get packet to be sent.
            if (dataQueue.isEmpty()) {
              one = createHeartbeatPacket();
            } else {
              one = dataQueue.getFirst(); // regular data packet
            }
          }
          assert one != null;

          // get new block from namenode.
          if (stage == BlockConstructionStage.PIPELINE_SETUP_CREATE) {
            if(DFSClient.LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
              DFSClient.LOG.debug("Allocating new block");
            }
            setPipeline(nextBlockOutputStream());
            initDataStreaming();
          } else if (stage == BlockConstructionStage.PIPELINE_SETUP_APPEND) {
            if(DFSClient.LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
              DFSClient.LOG.debug("Append to block " + block);
            }
            setupPipelineForAppendOrRecovery();
            initDataStreaming();
          }

          long lastByteOffsetInBlock = one.getLastByteOffsetBlock();
          if (lastByteOffsetInBlock > blockSize) {
            throw new IOException("BlockSize " + blockSize +
                " is smaller than data size. " +
                " Offset of packet in block " + 
                lastByteOffsetInBlock +
                " Aborting file " + src);
          }

          if (one.lastPacketInBlock) {
            // wait for all data packets have been successfully acked
            synchronized (dataQueue) {
              while (!streamerClosed && !hasError && 
                  ackQueue.size() != 0 && dfsClient.clientRunning) {
                try {
                  // wait for acks to arrive from datanodes
                  dataQueue.wait(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException  e) {
                  DFSClient.LOG.warn("Caught exception ", e);
                }
              }
            }
            if (streamerClosed || hasError || !dfsClient.clientRunning) {
              continue;
            }
            stage = BlockConstructionStage.PIPELINE_CLOSE;
          }
          
          // send the packet
          synchronized (dataQueue) {
            // move packet from dataQueue to ackQueue
            if (!one.isHeartbeatPacket()) {
              dataQueue.removeFirst();
              ackQueue.addLast(one);
              dataQueue.notifyAll();
            }
          }

          if (DFSClient.LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
            DFSClient.LOG.debug("DataStreamer block " + block +
                " sending packet " + one);
          }

          // write out data to remote datanode
          try {
            one.writeTo(blockStream);
            blockStream.flush();   
          } catch (IOException e) {
            // HDFS-3398 treat primary DN is down since client is unable to 
            // write to primary DN. If a failed or restarting node has already
            // been recorded by the responder, the following call will have no 
            // effect. Pipeline recovery can handle only one node error at a
            // time. If the primary node fails again during the recovery, it
            // will be taken out then.
            tryMarkPrimaryDatanodeFailed();
            throw e;
          }
          lastPacket = Time.now();
          
          // update bytesSent
          long tmpBytesSent = one.getLastByteOffsetBlock();
          if (bytesSent < tmpBytesSent) {
            bytesSent = tmpBytesSent;
          }

          if (streamerClosed || hasError || !dfsClient.clientRunning) {
            continue;
          }

          // Is this block full?
          if (one.lastPacketInBlock) {
            // wait for the close packet has been acked
            synchronized (dataQueue) {
              while (!streamerClosed && !hasError && 
                  ackQueue.size() != 0 && dfsClient.clientRunning) {
                dataQueue.wait(1000);// wait for acks to arrive from datanodes
              }
            }
            if (streamerClosed || hasError || !dfsClient.clientRunning) {
              continue;
            }

            endBlock();
          }
          if (progress != null) { progress.progress(); }

          // This is used by unit test to trigger race conditions.
          if (artificialSlowdown != 0 && dfsClient.clientRunning) {
            Thread.sleep(artificialSlowdown); 
          }
        } catch (Throwable e) {
          // Log warning if there was a real error.
          if (restartingNodeIndex == -1) {
            DFSClient.LOG.warn("DataStreamer Exception", e);
          }
          if (e instanceof IOException) {
            setLastException((IOException)e);
          } else {
            setLastException(new IOException("DataStreamer Exception: ",e));
          }
          hasError = true;
          if (errorIndex == -1 && restartingNodeIndex == -1) {
            // Not a datanode issue
            streamerClosed = true;
          }
        }
      }
      if (traceScope != null) {
        traceScope.close();
      }
      closeInternal();
    }</span>

5.流线程负责向dn写数据。这段代码看的不是非常明白，整个代码是由几个锁组成的，首先数据队列会等待发送过来的完整的一个数据包；接着因为副本机制，所以需要从nn获得下一个block的信息，并且加入到管道中；这里数据队列会等带所有的数据包传输完毕，意思就是管道中的所有的节点都存储了数据包之后，会开始进行确认队列；确认队列就是将数据包从数据队列移动到确认队列中。