Android开发 第12课 Activity

Activity是一个应用程序组件，提供用户与程序交互的界面。
Android四大组件
. Activity
. Service
. BroadcastReceiver
. Content Provider
创建使用Activity
1.继承Android的Activity类
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

2.重写方法
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

3.设置显示布局
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

4.在AndroidManifest文件中，注册Activity
AndroidManifest.xml文件 有个Activity标签

android:name Activity的标识 com.example.hello1包名 MainActivity文件

  <activity
            android:name="com.example.hello1.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
            若这个Activity是主入口，还要设置action和category

                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

activity生命周期：
从 创建 到 销毁。
onCreate() 创建
onStart() 运行
onResume() 获取焦点
onPause() 失去焦点
onStop() 暂停
onDestroy() 销毁
onRestart()

Activity的状态：
1.活动状态（Active/Running）Activity处于界面最顶端，获取加点
2.暂停状态（Paused）Activity失去加点，但对用户可见
3.停止状态（Stopped）Activity被完全遮挡，但保留所有状态和成员信息
4.非活动状态（killeed）Activity被停止

package com.example.hello1;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.os.Build;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    final String TAG = "tag";//定义常量

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Log.i(TAG, "MainActivity  -->  onCreate");

        if (savedInstanceState == null) {
            getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
                    .add(R.id.container, new PlaceholderFragment())
                    .commit();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStart();
        Log.i(TAG, "MainActivity  -->  onStart");
    }
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onResume();
        Log.i(TAG, "MainActivity  -->  onResume");
    }
    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onPause();
        Log.i(TAG, "MainActivity  -->  onPause");
    }
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStop();
        Log.i(TAG, "MainActivity  -->  onStop");
    }
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(TAG, "MainActivity  -->  onDestroy");
    }
    @Override
    protected void onRestart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onRestart();
        Log.i(TAG, "MainActivity  -->  onRestart");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    /**
     * A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
     */
    public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {

        public PlaceholderFragment() {
        }

        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
            return rootView;
        }
    }

}