leetcode - 43.Multiply Strings

Multiply Strings

Given two non-negative integers num1 and num2 represented as strings, return the product of num1 and num2.

Note:

1. The length of both num1 and num2 is < 110.
2. Both num1 and num2 contains only digits 0-9.
3. Both num1 and num2 does not contain any leading zero.
4. You must not use any built-in BigInteger library or convert the inputs to integer directly.

Solution1:

  public String multiply(String num1, String num2) {
    if (num1.equals("0") || num2.equals("0")) {
      return "0";
    }

    char[] result = new char[num1.length() + num2.length()];

    for (int i = num1.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      for (int j = num2.length() - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
        multiply(num1.charAt(i), num2.charAt(j), result, i + j + 1);
      }
    }
    int index = result[0] == 0 ? 1 : 0;
    return new String(result, index, result.length - index);
  }

  private void plus(int i, int index, char[] chars) {
    if (i == 0 && index <= 0) {
      return;
    }
    if (chars[index] == 0) {
      chars[index] = (char) (i + '0');
    } else {
      int x = (chars[index] - '0') + i;
      chars[index] = (char) (x % 10 + '0');
      plus(x / 10, index - 1, chars);
    }

  }

  private void multiply(char c1, char c2, char[] chars, int index) {
    int x = (c1 - '0') * (c2 - '0');
    plus(x % 10, index, chars);
    plus(x / 10, index - 1, chars);
  }

Solution2:

  public String multiply(String num1, String num2) {
    int m = num1.length(), n = num2.length();
    int[] pos = new int[m + n];

    for (int i = m - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      for (int j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
        int mul = (num1.charAt(i) - '0') * (num2.charAt(j) - '0');
        int p1 = i + j, p2 = i + j + 1;
        int sum = mul + pos[p2];

        pos[p1] += sum / 10;
        pos[p2] = (sum) % 10;
      }
    }

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int p : pos)
      if (!(sb.length() == 0 && p == 0))
        sb.append(p);
    return sb.length() == 0 ? "0" : sb.toString();
  }

Solution3:

better

  public String multiply(String num1, String num2) {
    int len1 = num1.length();
    int len2 = num2.length();
    int[] result = new int[len1 + len2];

    for (int i = len1 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      for (int j = len2 - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
        multiply(num1.charAt(i), num2.charAt(j), result, i + j + 1);
      }
    }

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i : result) {
      if (!(sb.length() == 0 && i == 0))
        sb.append(i);
    }
    return sb.length() == 0 ? "0" : sb.toString();
  }

  private void multiply(char c1, char c2, int[] result, int index) {
    int sum = (c1 - '0') * (c2 - '0') + result[index];
    result[index] = sum % 10;
    result[index - 1] += sum / 10;
  }