Hi3516A开发-- UBI 文件系统使用指南

这篇文章在 Hi3516A V100R001C01SPC050\02.Only for Reference\02.software\documents_cn\UBI 文件系统使用指南.pdf 拿出来只为了和上篇文章做一个比较。

一、概述

linux-2.6.27 后，内核加入了一种新型的 FLASH 文件系统 UBI (Unsorted BlockImages)。主要针对 FLASH 的特有属性，通过软件的方式来实现日志管理、坏块管理、损益均衡等技术。本文主要介绍如何在内核中配置使用 UBI 文件系统以及制作对应的 UBI 文件系统根文件系统镜像。同时还介绍了如何转换镜像格式以便于在 u-boot 上进行烧录。

二、下载该文章

UBI 文件系统使用指南.pdf

三、其他根文件系统

参看：Hi3516A开发--根文件系统

GSG: DM365 DVEVM Software Setup for MontaVista Kernel

参看： DM365 挂载NFS文件系统

其中挂载NFS文件系统，会出现  DM368 boot via NFS 的问题。

================================================================
我试图使用nfs挂载的文件系统启动后我得到以下输出。

TFTP from server 192.168.1.101; our IP address is 192.168.1.100
Filename 'uImage_ipnc_dm368'.
Load address: 0x80700000
Loading: #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         ####################################
done
Bytes transferred = 3842560 (3aa200 hex)
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 80700000 ...
   Image Name:   Linux-2.6.37_IPNC_DM365_4.0.0
   Image Type:   ARM linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
   Data Size:    3842496 Bytes =  3.7 MB
   Load Address: 80008000
   Entry Point:  80008000
   Loading Kernel Image ... OK
OK


Starting kernel ...


[    0.000000] Linux version 2.6.37_IPNC_DM365_4.0.0 (root@volansys28-desktop) (gcc version 4.3.3 (GCC) ) #1 PREEMPT Wed Aug 22 12:14:32 IST 2012
[    0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177
[    0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache
[    0.000000] Machine: DaVinci DM36x IPNC
[    0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
[    0.000000] DaVinci dm36x_rev1.2 variant 0x8
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 12192
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS1,115200n8 noinitrd rw ip=192.168.1.101:192.168.1.100:192.168.1.1:255.255.255.0:::off root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.1.1
01:/home/volansys28/Desktop/IPNC/IPNC_RDK_DM36x_Version4.0.0/PrivateTI_IPNC_RDK_DM36x_v4.0.0/Source/ipnc_rdk/target/filesys,nolock mem=48M cmemk.phys_start="0x83000000
" cmemk.phys_end="0x88000000" cmemk.phys_start_1="0x00001000" cmemk.phys_end_1="0x00008000" cmemk.pools_1="1x28672" cmemk.allowOverlap=1 eth=$(ethaddr)
[    0.000000] TI DaVinci EMAC: kernel boot params Ethernet address: $(ethaddr)
[    0.000000] PID hash table entries: 256 (order: -2, 1024 bytes)
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.000000] Memory: 48MB = 48MB total
[    0.000000] Memory: 44772k/44772k available, 4380k reserved, 0K highmem
[    0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
[    0.000000]     vector  : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000   (   4 kB)
[    0.000000]     fixmap  : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000   ( 896 kB)
[    0.000000]     DMA     : 0xff000000 - 0xffe00000   (  14 MB)
[    0.000000]     vmalloc : 0xc3800000 - 0xfea00000   ( 946 MB)
[    0.000000]     lowmem  : 0xc0000000 - 0xc3000000   (  48 MB)
[    0.000000]     modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xc0000000   (  16 MB)
[    0.000000]       .init : 0xc0008000 - 0xc002a000   ( 136 kB)
[    0.000000]       .text : 0xc002a000 - 0xc038b000   (3460 kB)
[    0.000000]       .data : 0xc038c000 - 0xc03b21c0   ( 153 kB)
[    0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] Preemptable hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000]  RCU-based detection of stalled CPUs is disabled.
[    0.000000]  Verbose stalled-CPUs detection is disabled.
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS:245
[    0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[    0.000296] Calibrating delay loop... 215.44 BogoMIPS (lpj=1077248)
[    0.240080] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.240387] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
[    0.241182] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[    0.245698] DaVinci: 8 gpio irqs
[    0.246312] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.261346] EVM: (null) video input
[    0.340860] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
[    0.345465] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.349271] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.350971] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.351854] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.355091] vpss vpss: dm365_vpss vpss probed
[    0.355152] vpss vpss: dm365_vpss vpss probe success
[    0.357019] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.23.
[    0.358983] Switching to clocksource timer0_1
[    0.360102] Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #0
[    0.422162] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.422479] IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.423267] TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.423409] TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[    0.423501] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
[    0.423533] TCP reno registered
[    0.423570] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.423633] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.424138] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.425171] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[    0.425213] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[    0.425241] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[    0.498975] Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir@monad.swb.de).
[    0.499992] JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) ?? 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
[    0.503791] msgmni has been set to 87
[    0.507652] io scheduler noop registered (default)
[    0.509450] CSL: Module install successful, device major num = 254 
[    0.509496] CSL: Module version 0.10.00, built on Aug 22 2012 12:06:26 
[    0.509549] I2C: Module install successful, device major num = 253 
[    0.509588] DMA: Module install successful, device major num = 252 
[    0.509616] DRV: Module install successful
[    0.509639] DRV: Module built on Aug 22 2012 12:06:27 
[    0.509665] DRV: EDMACC.QUEPRI  = 00002777
[    0.509688] DRV: SYSTEM.MSTPRI0 = 00440011
[    0.509710] DRV: SYSTEM.MSTPRI1 = 00000444
[    0.509731] DRV: ISP.BCR        = 00000002
[    0.509753] DRV: SYSTEM.MISC    = 00000391
[    0.509776] EDMAK module: built on Aug 22 2012 at 12:06:12
[    0.509806]   Reference Linux version 2.6.37
[    0.509834]   File /home/volansys28/Desktop/IPNC/IPNC_RDK_DM36x_Version4.0.0/PrivateTI_IPNC_RDK_DM36x_v4.0.0/Source/dvsdk_ipnctools/linuxutils_2_26_02_05/packages/t
i/sdo/linuxutils/edma/src/module/edmak.c
[    0.511310] IRQK module: built on Aug 22 2012 at 12:03:54
[    0.511359]   Reference Linux version 2.6.37
[    0.511387]   File /home/volansys28/Desktop/IPNC/IPNC_RDK_DM36x_Version4.0.0/PrivateTI_IPNC_RDK_DM36x_v4.0.0/Source/dvsdk_ipnctools/linuxutils_2_26_02_05/packages/t
i/sdo/linuxutils/irq/src/module/irqk.c
[    0.512849] irqk initialized
[    0.512922] CMEMK module: built on Aug 22 2012 at 12:06:10
[    0.512961]   Reference Linux version 2.6.37
[    0.512989]   File /home/volansys28/Desktop/IPNC/IPNC_RDK_DM36x_Version4.0.0/PrivateTI_IPNC_RDK_DM36x_v4.0.0/Source/dvsdk_ipnctools/linuxutils_2_26_02_05/packages/t
i/sdo/linuxutils/cmem/src/module/cmemk.c
[    0.517685] allocated heap buffer 0xc4000000 of size 0x5000000
[    0.517736] CMEM Range Overlaps Kernel Physical - allowing overlap
[    0.517774] CMEM phys_start (0x1000) overlaps kernel (0x80000000 -> 0x83000000)
[    0.517920] cmemk initialized
[    0.517974] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 2 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[    0.542249] serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x1c20000 (irq = 40) is a 16550A
[    0.564271] serial8250.0: ttyS1 at MMIO 0x1d06000 (irq = 41) is a 16550A
[    1.124468] console [ttyS1] enabled
[    1.131468] brd: module loaded
[    1.143293] NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xf1 (Samsung )
[    1.151963] Bad block table not found for chip 0
[    1.157977] Bad block table not found for chip 0
[    1.162795] Scanning device for bad blocks
[    1.192791] Bad eraseblock 248 at 0x000001f00000
[    1.197486] Bad eraseblock 249 at 0x000001f20000
[    1.202251] Bad eraseblock 250 at 0x000001f40000
[    1.206939] Bad eraseblock 251 at 0x000001f60000
[    1.211694] Bad eraseblock 252 at 0x000001f80000
[    1.216380] Bad eraseblock 253 at 0x000001fa0000
[    1.221129] Bad eraseblock 254 at 0x000001fc0000
[    1.225815] Bad eraseblock 255 at 0x000001fe0000
[    1.230580] Bad eraseblock 256 at 0x000002000000
[    1.235269] Bad eraseblock 257 at 0x000002020000
[    1.240032] Bad eraseblock 258 at 0x000002040000
[    1.244721] Bad eraseblock 259 at 0x000002060000
[    1.249488] Bad eraseblock 260 at 0x000002080000
[    1.254176] Bad eraseblock 261 at 0x0000020a0000
[    1.258854] Bad eraseblock 262 at 0x0000020c0000
[    1.263619] Bad eraseblock 263 at 0x0000020e0000
[    1.275992] Bad eraseblock 338 at 0x000002a40000
[    1.354269] Creating 7 MTD partitions on "davinci_nand.0":
[    1.359917] 0x000000000000-0x000000300000 : "bootloader"
[    1.369258] 0x000000300000-0x000000500000 : "params"
[    1.378173] 0x000000500000-0x000000900000 : "kernel"
[    1.387460] 0x000000900000-0x000003100000 : "filesystem1"
[    1.397324] 0x000003100000-0x000003300000 : "data1"
[    1.406677] 0x000003300000-0x000005b00000 : "filesystem2"
[    1.416666] 0x000005b00000-0x000008000000 : "data2"
[    1.426003] davinci_nand davinci_nand.0: controller rev. 2.3
[    1.489144] davinci_mdio davinci_mdio.0: davinci mdio revision 1.4
[    1.495352] davinci_mdio davinci_mdio.0: detected phy mask fffffffd
[    1.503076] davinci_mdio.0: probed
[    1.506519] davinci_mdio davinci_mdio.0: phy[1]: device 0:01, driver unknown
[    1.514398] i2c /dev entries driver
[    1.520105] Linux media interface: v0.10
[    1.524762] Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[    1.531732] vpbe-osd vpbe-osd: OSD sub device probe success
[    1.538199] vpbe-venc vpbe-venc: VENC sub device probe success
[    1.545040] vpbe-v4l2 vpbe-v4l2: vpbe v4l2 device registered
[    1.551241] Setting default output to Composite
[    1.555796] Setting default mode to ntsc
[    1.559945] vpbe-v4l2 vpbe-v4l2: Trying to register VPBE display device.
[    1.566659] vpbe-v4l2 vpbe-v4l2: layer=c2951a00,layer->video_dev=c2951ae8
[    1.574361] vpbe-v4l2 vpbe-v4l2: Trying to register VPBE display device.
[    1.581316] vpbe-v4l2 vpbe-v4l2: layer=c2951c00,layer->video_dev=c2951ce8
[    1.589956] watchdog watchdog: heartbeat 60 sec
[    1.599873] Error: Driver 'davinci-mcbsp' is already registered, aborting...
[    1.609859] asoc: cq93vc-hifi <-> davinci-vcif mapping ok
[    1.618631] ALSA device list:
[    1.621936]   #0: DaVinci DM365 EVM
[    1.626706] TCP cubic registered
[    1.630310] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    1.643776] net eth0: attached PHY driver [Generic PHY] (mii_bus:phy_addr=0:01, id=181b8b0)
[    1.669952] IP-Config: Complete:
[    1.673034]      device=eth0, addr=192.168.1.101, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=192.168.1.1,
[    1.680944]      host=192.168.1.101, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
[    1.686965]      bootserver=192.168.1.100, rootserver=192.168.1.101, rootpath=
[    1.696726] VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.
[    1.703858] VFS: Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0)
[    1.710381] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
[    1.718782] 1f00            3072 mtdblock0  (driver?)
[    1.724017] 1f01            2048 mtdblock1  (driver?)
[    1.729192] 1f02            4096 mtdblock2  (driver?)
[    1.734278] 1f03           40960 mtdblock3  (driver?)
[    1.739445] 1f04            2048 mtdblock4  (driver?)
[    1.744530] 1f05           40960 mtdblock5  (driver?)
[    1.749684] 1f06           37888 mtdblock6  (driver?)
[    1.754761] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0)
[    1.763094] Backtrace: 
[    1.765566] Function entered at [<c002e4ec>] from [<c0311888>]
[    1.771465]  r7:00008000 r6:c2813000 r5:c0023668 r4:c03b2920
[    1.777166] Function entered at [<c0311870>] from [<c03118f4>]
[    1.783066] Function entered at [<c031188c>] from [<c0008fcc>]
[    1.788908]  r3:00000000 r2:00000000 r1:c2825f58 r0:c03317d6
[    1.794677] Function entered at [<c0008de8>] from [<c00090c0>]
[    1.800574] Function entered at [<c0009014>] from [<c0009244>]
[    1.806417]  r4:c03b2228
[    1.808961] Function entered at [<c00090e4>] from [<c00084b4>]
[    1.814858]  r5:c0022e04 r4:c03b21d8
[    1.818461] Function entered at [<c00083a4>] from [<c0042e0c>]
[    1.824358]  r5:c00083a4 r4:00000000

运行卡在这里了。
原因是：NFS无法挂载，无法获取文件系统。
[    1.696726] VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.
[    1.703858] VFS: Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0)
解决方法：
进入：vi /etc/exports
添加根文件系统目录，/opt/filesys *(rw,nohide,insecure,no_subtree_check,async,no_root_squash)
启动NFS ：sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart
sudo exportfs -a (最好每修改过/etc/exports 后需要执行一次）
根据你的烧写方式烧写ubl、uboot、uImage。
设置bootargs，NFS挂载根文件系统：
setenv bootargs mem=48M console=ttyS0,115200n8 root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.2.78:/opt/filesys rw ip=192.168.2.194:192.168.2.76:192.168.2.1:255.255.255.0 cmemk.phys_start=0x83000000 cmemk.phys_end=0x88000000 cmemk.phys_start_1=0x00001000 cmemk.phys_end_1=0x00008000cmemk.pools_1=1x28672 cmemk.allowOverlap=1  cmemk.useHeapIfPoolUnavailable=1 eth=$(ethaddr)
再启动就OK了！