后台劳动者--探究服务

目标
1、基本用法
2、启动和停止服务
3、活动和服务进行通信
4、服务的生命周期
5、前台服务（类似网易云音乐通知栏常驻）
6、使用IntentService(服务在主线程运行比较容易出现ANR，所以需使用Android的多线程)

1、2两个按钮用于启动和停止服务，3、4两个按钮在之前的基础上加强了活动和服务之间的关系，在活动中指挥服务。（需要创建一个专门的Binder对象来对相应的功能进行管理）5号按钮时启动IntentService,这是Android专门提供的一个类，会自动地创建一个异步的、会自动停止的服务。
服务也需要在AndroidManifest中注册
MyService.class:

package com.superxingyun.myservicetest;

import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by 月满轩尼诗丶大帅~~ on 2016/11/2.
 */

public class MyService extends Service {

    private DownloadBinder mBinder = new DownloadBinder();

    class DownloadBinder extends Binder {
        public void startDownload() {
            Log.d("MyService", "startDownload executed");
        }
        public int getProgress() {
            Log.d("MyService", "getProgress executed");
            return 0;
        }
    }
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBinder;
    }

    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        Notification notification = new Notification.Builder(this).setContentTitle("Notification comes")
                .setContentText("here is my notification").setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).build();//通知内容设置
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);
        notification.contentIntent = pendingIntent;
        startForeground(1, notification);
        Log.d("MyService", "onCreate executed");
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.d("MyService", "onStartCommand");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.d("MyService", "onDestroy executed");
    }
}

MyIntentService.class:

package com.superxingyun.myservicetest;

import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by 月满轩尼诗丶大帅~~ on 2016/11/3.
 */

public class MyIntentService extends IntentService {
    public MyIntentService() {
        super("MyIntentService");//调用父类的有参构造函数
    }

    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        //打印当前线程的id
        Log.d("MyIntentService", "Thread id is " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.d("MyIntentService", "onDestroy executed");
    }
}

MainActivity.class:

package com.superxingyun.myservicetest;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private Button startService,stopService,bindService,unbindService,startIntentService;
    private MyService.DownloadBinder downloadBinder;
    private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            downloadBinder = (MyService.DownloadBinder) iBinder;
            downloadBinder.startDownload();
            downloadBinder.getProgress();
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {

        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        /*NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        manager.cancel(1);*/

        bindService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bindService);
        unbindService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.unbindService);
        startService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.startService);
        stopService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.stopService);
        startIntentService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.startIntentService);

        bindService.setOnClickListener(this);
        unbindService.setOnClickListener(this);
        startService.setOnClickListener(this);
        stopService.setOnClickListener(this);
        startIntentService.setOnClickListener(this);

    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.startService:
                Intent startIntent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
                startService(startIntent);//启动服务
                break;
            case R.id.stopService:
                Intent stopIntent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
                stopService(stopIntent);//停止服务
                break;
            case R.id.bindService:
                Intent bindIntent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
                bindService(bindIntent, connection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);//绑定服务
                break;
            case R.id.unbindService:
                unbindService(connection);//解绑服务
                break;
            case R.id.startIntentService:
                //打印主线程的id
                Log.d("MainActivity", "Thread id is " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
                Intent intentService = new Intent(this, MyIntentService.class);
                startService(intentService);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

注册
<service android:name=".MyService"/>
<service android:name=".MyIntentService"/>
布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.superxingyun.myservicetest.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/startService"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/start_service"
        android:textAllCaps="false" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/stopService"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/stop_service"
        android:textAllCaps="false" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bindService"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/bind_service"
        android:textAllCaps="false" />

    <Button
    android:id="@+id/unbindService"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/unbind_service"
    android:textAllCaps="false" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/startIntentService"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/start_intent_service"
        android:textAllCaps="false" />
</LinearLayout>