Android 打开各种文件（setDataAndType）——apk安装方法

"application/vnd.android.package-archive"是什么？原来是apk安装方法

"application/vnd.android.package-archive"是文件类型，具体对应apk类型

ava代码  /**
 * 打开文件
 * @param file
 */ 
private void openFile(File file){ 
     
    Intent intent = new Intent(); 
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
    //设置intent的Action属性 
    intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
    //获取文件file的MIME类型 
    String type = getMIMEType(file); 
    //设置intent的data和Type属性。 
    intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type); 
    //跳转 
    startActivity(intent);     //这里最好try一下，有可能会报错。 //比如说你的MIME类型是打开邮箱，但是你手机里面没装邮箱客户端，就会报错。
     
} 

/**
 * 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
 * @param file
 */ 
private String getMIMEType(File file) { 
     
    String type="*/*"; 
    String fName = file.getName(); 
    //获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。 
    int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf("."); 
    if(dotIndex < 0){ 
        return type; 
    } 
    /* 获取文件的后缀名*/ 
    String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase(); 
    if(end=="")return type; 
    //在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。 
    for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){ //MIME_MapTable??在这里你一定有疑问，这个MIME_MapTable是什么？ 
        if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0])) 
            type = MIME_MapTable[i][1]; 
    }        
    return type; 
} 

MIME_MapTable是所有文件的后缀名所对应的MIME类型的一个String数组：
 
Java代码  <span style="white-space: pre;">    </span>private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={ 
            //{后缀名，MIME类型} 
            {".3gp",    "video/3gpp"}, 
            {".apk",    "application/vnd.android.package-archive"}, 
            {".asf",    "video/x-ms-asf"}, 
            {".avi",    "video/x-msvideo"}, 
            {".bin",    "application/octet-stream"}, 
            {".bmp",    "image/bmp"}, 
            {".c",  "text/plain"}, 
            {".class",  "application/octet-stream"}, 
            {".conf",   "text/plain"}, 
            {".cpp",    "text/plain"}, 
            {".doc",    "application/msword"}, 
            {".docx",   "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"}, 
            {".xls",    "application/vnd.ms-excel"},  
            {".xlsx",   "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}, 
            {".exe",    "application/octet-stream"}, 
            {".gif",    "image/gif"}, 
            {".gtar",   "application/x-gtar"}, 
            {".gz", "application/x-gzip"}, 
            {".h",  "text/plain"}, 
            {".htm",    "text/html"}, 
            {".html",   "text/html"}, 
            {".jar",    "application/java-archive"}, 
            {".java",   "text/plain"}, 
            {".jpeg",   "image/jpeg"}, 
            {".jpg",    "image/jpeg"}, 
            {".js", "application/x-javascript"}, 
            {".log",    "text/plain"}, 
            {".m3u",    "audio/x-mpegurl"}, 
            {".m4a",    "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
            {".m4b",    "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
            {".m4p",    "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
            {".m4u",    "video/vnd.mpegurl"}, 
            {".m4v",    "video/x-m4v"},  
            {".mov",    "video/quicktime"}, 
            {".mp2",    "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
            {".mp3",    "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
            {".mp4",    "video/mp4"}, 
            {".mpc",    "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},        
            {".mpe",    "video/mpeg"},   
            {".mpeg",   "video/mpeg"},   
            {".mpg",    "video/mpeg"},   
            {".mpg4",   "video/mp4"},    
            {".mpga",   "audio/mpeg"}, 
            {".msg",    "application/vnd.ms-outlook"}, 
            {".ogg",    "audio/ogg"}, 
            {".pdf",    "application/pdf"}, 
            {".png",    "image/png"}, 
            {".pps",    "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
            {".ppt",    "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
            {".pptx",   "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"}, 
            {".prop",   "text/plain"}, 
            {".rc", "text/plain"}, 
            {".rmvb",   "audio/x-pn-realaudio"}, 
            {".rtf",    "application/rtf"}, 
            {".sh", "text/plain"}, 
            {".tar",    "application/x-tar"},    
            {".tgz",    "application/x-compressed"},  
            {".txt",    "text/plain"}, 
            {".wav",    "audio/x-wav"}, 
            {".wma",    "audio/x-ms-wma"}, 
            {".wmv",    "audio/x-ms-wmv"}, 
            {".wps",    "application/vnd.ms-works"}, 
            {".xml",    "text/plain"}, 
            {".z",  "application/x-compress"}, 
            {".zip",    "application/x-zip-compressed"}, 
            {"",        "*/*"}   
        }; 

还有以下例子
1. Intent open a picture file public: 

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");  
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");  
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);  
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new  
File("/mnt/sdcard/images/001041580.jpg"));  
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "image/*");  
this.startActivity(intent);  

2. Intent to open a PDF file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");  
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");  
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);  
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new  
File("file:///android_asset/helphelp.pdf"));  
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/pdf");  
this.startActivity(intent); 

3. Intent to open a text file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");  
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");  
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);  
if (paramBoolean)  
{  
Uri uri1 = Uri.parse (param);  
intent.setDataAndType (URI1, "text/plain");  
}  
else  
{  
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/hello.txt"));  
intent.setDataAndType (URI2, "text/plain");  
}  
this.startActivity(intent);