为何要用AIO呢?效率更高。
AsynchronousServerSocketChannel用于服务器端,只要三步
1.调用open()静态方法创建AsynchronousServerSocketChannel。
2.调用AsynchronousServerSocketChannel的bind()方法让它在指定的IP地址,指定端口监听。
3.调用AsynchronousServerSocketChannel的accept()方法接受请求。
import java.net.*;
import java.nio.*;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
public class SimpleAIOServer
{
static final int PORT = 30000;
public static void main(String[] args)
throws Exception
{
try(
// ①创建AsynchronousServerSocketChannel对象。
AsynchronousServerSocketChannel serverChannel =
AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open())
{
// ②指定在指定地址、端口监听。
serverChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT));
while (true)
{
// ③采用循环接受来自客户端的连接
Future<AsynchronousSocketChannel> future
= serverChannel.accept();
// 获取连接完成后返回的AsynchronousSocketChannel
AsynchronousSocketChannel socketChannel = future.get();
// 执行输出。
socketChannel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("欢迎你来自AIO的世界!"
.getBytes("UTF-8"))).get();
}
}
}
}
AsynchronousSocketChannel用于客户端,它的用法分三步
1.调用open静态方法创建AsynchronousSocketChannel。
2.调用AsynchronousSocketChannel的connect()方法连接到指定的IP地址,指定端口的服务器
3.调用read() , write()方法。
SimpleAIOClient.java
import java.net.*;
import java.nio.*;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
public class SimpleAIOClient
{
static final int PORT = 30000;
public static void main(String[] args)
throws Exception
{
// 用于读取数据的ByteBuffer。
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
Charset utf = Charset.forName("utf-8");
try(
// ①创建AsynchronousSocketChannel对象
AsynchronousSocketChannel clientChannel
= AsynchronousSocketChannel.open())
{
// ②连接远程服务器
clientChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1"
, PORT)).get(); //④
buff.clear();
// ③从clientChannel中读取数据
clientChannel.read(buff).get(); //⑤
buff.flip();
// 将buff中内容转换为字符串
String content = utf.decode(buff).toString();
System.out.println("服务器信息:" + content);
}
}
}
再使用AIO开发聊天室
AIOServer.java
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.nio.*;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
public class AIOServer
{
static final int PORT = 30000;
final static String UTF_8 = "utf-8";
static List<AsynchronousSocketChannel> channelList
= new ArrayList<>();
public void startListen() throws InterruptedException,
Exception
{
// 创建一个线程池
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(20);
// 以指定线程池来创建一个AsynchronousChannelGroup
AsynchronousChannelGroup channelGroup = AsynchronousChannelGroup
.withThreadPool(executor);
// 以指定线程池来创建一个AsynchronousServerSocketChannel
AsynchronousServerSocketChannel serverChannel
= AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open(channelGroup)
// 指定监听本机的PORT端口
.bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT));
// 使用CompletionHandler接受来自客户端的连接请求
serverChannel.accept(null, new AcceptHandler(serverChannel)); //①
}
public static void main(String[] args)
throws Exception
{
AIOServer server = new AIOServer();
server.startListen();
}
}
// 实现自己的CompletionHandler类
class AcceptHandler implements
CompletionHandler<AsynchronousSocketChannel, Object>
{
private AsynchronousServerSocketChannel serverChannel;
public AcceptHandler(AsynchronousServerSocketChannel sc)
{
this.serverChannel = sc;
}
// 定义一个ByteBuffer准备读取数据
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
// 当有客户端连接上的时候触发该方法,将客户端的AsynchronousSocketChannel传入,以便发送数据
@Override
public void completed(final AsynchronousSocketChannel sc
, Object attachment)
{
// 记录新连接的进来的Channel
AIOServer.channelList.add(sc);
// 准备接受客户端的下一次连接
serverChannel.accept(null , this);
sc.read(buff , null
, new CompletionHandler<Integer,Object>() //② 读取客户端的数据,数据在buff里
{
@Override
public void completed(Integer result //这里表示当客户端AsynchronousSocketChannel完成一次IO,调用此方法
, Object attachment)
{
buff.flip();
// 将buff中内容转换为字符串
String content = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
.decode(buff).toString();
// 遍历每个Channel,将收到的信息写入各Channel中
for(AsynchronousSocketChannel c : AIOServer.channelList)
{
try
{
c.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(content.getBytes(
AIOServer.UTF_8))).get();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
buff.clear();
// 读取下一次数据
sc.read(buff , null , this);
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable ex, Object attachment)
{
System.out.println("读取数据失败: " + ex);
// 从该Channel读取数据失败,就将该Channel删除
AIOServer.channelList.remove(sc);
}
});
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable ex, Object attachment)
{
System.out.println("连接失败: " + ex);
}
}
AIOClient.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.nio.*;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
/**
* Description:
* <br/>网站: <a href="http://www.crazyit.org">疯狂Java联盟</a>
* <br/>Copyright (C), 2001-2012, Yeeku.H.Lee
* <br/>This program is protected by copyright laws.
* <br/>Program Name:
* <br/>Date:
* @author Yeeku.H.Lee kongyeeku@163.com
* @version 1.0
*/
public class AIOClient
{
final static String UTF_8 = "utf-8";
final static int PORT = 30000;
// 与服务器端通信的异步Channel
AsynchronousSocketChannel clientChannel;
JFrame mainWin = new JFrame("多人聊天");
JTextArea jta = new JTextArea(16 , 48);
JTextField jtf = new JTextField(40);
JButton sendBn = new JButton("发送");
public void init()
{
mainWin.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
jta.setEditable(false);
mainWin.add(new JScrollPane(jta), BorderLayout.CENTER);
JPanel jp = new JPanel();
jp.add(jtf);
jp.add(sendBn);
//发送消息的Action,Action是ActionListener的子接口
Action sendAction = new AbstractAction()
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
String content = jtf.getText();
if (content.trim().length() > 0)
{
try
{
// 将content内容写入Channel中
clientChannel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(content
.trim().getBytes(UTF_8))).get(); //①
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 清空输入框
jtf.setText("");
}
};
sendBn.addActionListener(sendAction);
//将Ctrl+Enter键和"send"关联
jtf.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('\n'
, java.awt.event.InputEvent.CTRL_MASK) , "send");
//将"send"和sendAction关联
jtf.getActionMap().put("send", sendAction);
mainWin.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainWin.add(jp , BorderLayout.SOUTH);
mainWin.pack();
mainWin.setVisible(true);
}
public void connect()
throws Exception
{
// 定义一个ByteBuffer准备读取数据
final ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
// 创建一个线程池
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(80);
// 以指定线程池来创建一个AsynchronousChannelGroup
AsynchronousChannelGroup channelGroup =
AsynchronousChannelGroup.withThreadPool(executor);
// 以channelGroup作为组管理器来创建AsynchronousSocketChannel
clientChannel = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open(channelGroup);
// 让AsynchronousSocketChannel连接到指定IP、指定端口
clientChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1"
, PORT)).get();
jta.append("---与服务器连接成功---\n");
buff.clear();
clientChannel.read(buff, null
, new CompletionHandler<Integer,Object>() //②
{
@Override
public void completed(Integer result, Object attachment)
{
buff.flip();
// 将buff中内容转换为字符串
String content = StandardCharsets.UTF_8
.decode(buff).toString();
// 显示从服务器端读取的数据
jta.append("某人说:" + content + "\n");
buff.clear();
clientChannel.read(buff , null , this);
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable ex, Object attachment)
{
System.out.println("读取数据失败: " + ex);
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args)
throws Exception
{
AIOClient client = new AIOClient();
client.init();
client.connect();
}
}