Android之Fragment动态加载、Fragment与Activity传值通信

1、Fragment动态加载

Fragment动态加载：撰写代码将Fragment灵活添加到一个Activity 中。add()添加、remove()移除、替换等。

（1）处理Fragment事务

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1. FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();    //获得Fragment的管理者  
2. FragmentTransaction beginTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();  //开启Fragment的事务，从而进行添加移除操作  

FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();    //获得Fragment的管理者
FragmentTransaction beginTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();  //开启Fragment的事务，从而进行添加移除操作

每一个事务都是同时执行一套变化，可以在一个事务中设置你所有执行的变化，包括add（）、remove（）、replace（），然后提交给Activity（commit()）。

如果允许用户通过按下BACK键返回到前一个Fragment状态，调用commit（）之前还要加入addToBackStack（）方法。

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1. case R.id.second:  
2.     //演示动态加载  
3.     DongTaiMyFragment dongTaiMyFragment=new DongTaiMyFragment();  
4.           FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();  
5.           FragmentTransaction beginTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();  
6.           beginTransaction.add(R.id.frame, dongTaiMyFragment);    //通过事务去管理Fragment  
7.           beginTransaction.addToBackStack(null);    //处理返回键  
8.           beginTransaction.commit();  //提交  
9.     break;  

		case R.id.second:
			//演示动态加载
			DongTaiMyFragment dongTaiMyFragment=new DongTaiMyFragment();
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
            FragmentTransaction beginTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            beginTransaction.add(R.id.frame, dongTaiMyFragment);    //通过事务去管理Fragment
            beginTransaction.addToBackStack(null);    //处理返回键
            beginTransaction.commit();  //提交
			break;

2、与Activity传值通信

          A. Fragment调用getActivity（）方法获取它所在的Activity；
              Activity调用FragmentManager的findFragmentById（）或者findFragmentByTag（）方法获取Fragment；
          B. Activity——》Fragment：在Activity中创建Bundle数据包，并调用Fragment的setArguments（Bundle bundle）方法；

              Fragment——》Activity：需要在Fragment中定义一个内部回调接口，让包含该Fragment的Activity实现该回调接口。这样Fragment可调用回调方法将数据传递给Activity。

Activity：

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1. public class MainActivity extends Activity implements MyListenter{  
2.   
3.     private EditText editText;  
4.     private Button activitySendBtn;  
5.     //private TextView textView;  
6.     @Override  
7.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
8.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
9.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  
10.           
11.         editText=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.activitySendET);  
12.         activitySendBtn=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSend);  
13.         activitySendBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {  
14.               
15.             @Override  
16.             public void onClick(View v) {  
17.                 // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
18.                 String text = editText.getText().toString();  
19.                   
20.                 Bundle bundle=new Bundle();  
21.                 bundle.putString("name", text);  
22.                   
23.                 MainFragment fragment=new MainFragment();  
24.                 fragment.setArguments(bundle);  
25.                   
26.                 /*Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this, FragmentActivity.class); 
27.                 startActivity(intent);*/  
28.                 //动态加载  
29.                 FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();  
30.                 FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();  
31.                 transaction.add(R.id.activity, fragment,"fragment");  
32.                 transaction.commit();  
33.                   
34.                 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"向Fragment询问姓名：" + text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
35.             }  
36.         });  
37.           
38.         //静态加载  
39.         FragmentManager manager = getFragmentManager();  
40.         Fragment findFragment = manager.findFragmentById(R.id.sendFragment);  
41.         MainFragment frag=(MainFragment) findFragment;  
42.         frag.setStr("Fragment静态传递值");  
43.     }  
44.       
45.     @Override  
46.     public void answer(String name) {  
47.         // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
48.         Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "已成功接收到:"+name, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);  
49.     }  
50.   
51.       
52. }  

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements MyListenter{

	private EditText editText;
	private Button activitySendBtn;
	//private TextView textView;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		editText=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.activitySendET);
		activitySendBtn=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSend);
		activitySendBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				String text = editText.getText().toString();
				
				Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
				bundle.putString("name", text);
				
				MainFragment fragment=new MainFragment();
				fragment.setArguments(bundle);
				
				/*Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this, FragmentActivity.class);
				startActivity(intent);*/
				//动态加载
				FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
				FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
				transaction.add(R.id.activity, fragment,"fragment");
				transaction.commit();
				
				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"向Fragment询问姓名：" + text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			}
		});
		
		//静态加载
		FragmentManager manager = getFragmentManager();
		Fragment findFragment = manager.findFragmentById(R.id.sendFragment);
		MainFragment frag=(MainFragment) findFragment;
		frag.setStr("Fragment静态传递值");
	}
	
	@Override
	public void answer(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "已成功接收到:"+name, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
	}

	
}

Fragment：

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1. public class MainFragment extends Fragment {  
2.   
3.     private String name="Fragment回复姓名：Jone";  
4.     private TextView textView;  
5.     private Button button;  
6.       
7.     //内部接口  
8.     public interface MyListenter{  
9.         public void answer(String name);  
10.     }  
11.       
12.     public MyListenter myListenter;  
13.       
14.     @Override  
15.     public void onAttach(Activity activity) {  
16.         // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
17.         myListenter=(MyListenter) activity;  
18.         super.onAttach(activity);  
19.     }  
20.       
21.     //静态加载传递  
22.     private String str="";  
23.       
24.     public String getStr() {  
25.         return str;  
26.     }  
27.   
28.     public void setStr(String str) {  
29.         this.str = str;  
30.     }  
31.   
32.   
33.     @Override  
34.     public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,  
35.             Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
36.         // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
37.           
38.         View view =inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main,container, false);  
39.         textView=(TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.questionText);  
40.           
41.         String text=getArguments().getString("name").toString();  
42.         textView.setText(text);  
43.           
44.         Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "成功接收到问题："+text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
45.           
46.         //  
47.         myListenter.answer(name);  
48.           
49.         //  
50.         button=(Button) view.findViewById(R.id.fragBtn);  
51.         button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {  
52.               
53.             @Override  
54.             public void onClick(View v) {  
55.                 // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
56.                 String value=getStr();  
57.                 Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "value="+value, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);  
58.             }  
59.         });  
60.           
61.         return view;  
62.                   
63.     }  
64. }  

public class MainFragment extends Fragment {

	private String name="Fragment回复姓名：Jone";
	private TextView textView;
	private Button button;
	
	//内部接口
	public interface MyListenter{
		public void answer(String name);
	}
	
	public MyListenter myListenter;
	
	@Override
	public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		myListenter=(MyListenter) activity;
		super.onAttach(activity);
	}
	
	//静态加载传递
	private String str="";
	
	public String getStr() {
		return str;
	}

	public void setStr(String str) {
		this.str = str;
	}


	@Override
	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
			Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
		View view =inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main,container, false);
		textView=(TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.questionText);
		
		String text=getArguments().getString("name").toString();
		textView.setText(text);
		
		Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "成功接收到问题："+text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
		
		//
		myListenter.answer(name);
		
		//
		button=(Button) view.findViewById(R.id.fragBtn);
		button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				String value=getStr();
				Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "value="+value, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
			}
		});
		
		return view;
				
	}
}