spring的依赖注入DI

依赖注入的方式：
1.构造函数依赖注入
2.setter方法依赖注入

p名称空间的使用
Spring2.5 版本，引入p名称空间，作用简化 setter方法注入的配置
第一步： 在xml配置文件中，配置p名称空间
xmlns:p = “http://www.springframework.org/schema/p”
第二步： 通过p名称空间语法，简化setter方式属性注入
 p:<属性名>=“xxx” 引入常量值
 p:<属性名>-ref=“xxx” 引用其它Bean对象

<bean id="employee" class="cn.itcast.spring.e_di.Employee">
		<property name="name" value="小明"></property>
		<!-- 复杂类型对象， 可以通过 ref 属性引用目标bean的id  -->
		<property name="car" ref="car"></property>
</bean>
改造为 
<!-- p名称空间  -->
	<bean id="employee2" 
class="cn.itcast.spring.e_di.Employee" 
p:name="小丽" p:car-ref="car"></bean>

2） SpEL 表达式使用
Spring Expression Language Spring表达式语言， 从3.0版本开始提供
语法格式 #{…} 主要用于spring配置文件
引入对象， 引用对象属性， 引用对象方法

<!-- spEL 使用 -->
	<bean id="mycar" class="cn.itcast.spring.e_di.Car2" p:carName="#{'qq'.toUpperCase()}" 
p:price="#{car2.price}"></bean>
	<bean id="myemployee" class="cn.itcast.spring.e_di.Employee" p:name="老张" p:car="#{car}"></bean>

代码示例：
Car.java

package com.my.di;

//轿车 （构造器 依赖注入）
public class Car {

	private String name;
	private double price ;

	// 在构造Car对象时，将name和price 属性注入car对象
	public Car(String name, double price) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.price = price;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Car [name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
	}
	
}

Car2.java

package com.my.di;

//轿车 通过setter方法完成属性注入
public class Car2 {

	private String name;
	private double price ;

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public double getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public void setPrice(double price) {
		this.price = price;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Car [name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
	}
	
}

Employee.java

package com.my.di;

public class Employee {
	
	private Car car ;
	private String name;
	
	public void setCar(Car car) {
		this.car = car;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public Employee(Car car, String name) {
		super();
		this.car = car;
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public Employee() {
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Employee [car=" + car + ", name=" + name + "]";
	} 
	

}

applicationContext.xml

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	   xmlns:p = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
		<!--  属性依赖注入 -->
	<!-- 构造器注入 -->
	<bean id="car" class="com.my.di.Car">
		<!-- 构造函数中属性注入，使用 constructor-arg 标签完成注入 -->
		<!-- 根据index 和 type 属性完成注入  -->
		<constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="宝马"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg index="1" type="double" value="1000000"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- setter方法注入 -->
	<bean id="car2" class="com.my.di.Car2">
		<!-- 一个属性 ，对应一个property 元素 -->
		<property name="name" value="保时捷"></property>
		<property name="price" value="1500000"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="employee" class="com.my.di.Employee">
		<property name="name" value="小明"></property>
		<!-- 复杂类型对象， 可以通过 ref 属性引用目标bean的id  -->
		<property name="car" ref="car"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- p名称空间  spring2.5  -->
	<bean id="employee2" class="com.my.di.Employee" p:name="小丽" p:car-ref="car"></bean>
	
	<!-- spEL 使用 spring3.0-->
	<bean id="mycar" class="com.my.di.Car2" p:name="#{'qq'.toUpperCase()}" p:price="#{car2.price}"></bean>
	<bean id="myemployee" class="com.my.di.Employee" p:name="老张" p:car="#{car}"></bean>
	
</beans>

Test.java

package com.my.di;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class Test {

	@org.junit.Test
	// 测试构造函数注入
	public void demo1(){
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		Car car = (Car) applicationContext.getBean("car");
		System.out.println(car);
	}

	@org.junit.Test
	// 测试setter方法注入
	public void demo2(){
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		Car2 car2 = (Car2) applicationContext.getBean("car2");
		System.out.println(car2);
	}
	
	@org.junit.Test
	// 测试setter方法注入 (复杂属性)
	public void demo3(){
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		Employee employee = (Employee) applicationContext.getBean("employee");
		System.out.println(employee);
	}
	
	@org.junit.Test
	// 测试setter方法注入 (p名称空间)
	public void demo4(){
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		Employee employee2 = (Employee) applicationContext.getBean("employee2");
		System.out.println(employee2);
	}
	
	@org.junit.Test
	// 测试setter方法注入 (spEL使用)
	public void demo5(){
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		Car2 mycar = (Car2) applicationContext.getBean("mycar");
		System.out.println(mycar);
		Employee employee = (Employee) applicationContext.getBean("myemployee");
		System.out.println(employee);
	}
	
}

运行结果：

集合属性 的注入
Spring 提供集合对象注入 四个标签 <list> <set> <map> <props>
代码示例：

CollectionBean.java

package com.my.collection;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;

import com.my.di.Car;

//注入 集合类型 属性 
public class CollectionBean {
	
	private List<String> hobbies;
	private List<Car> cars;
	private Set<Integer> scores;
	private Map<String, String> map;
	private Properties properties;
	
	public void setHobbies(List<String> hobbies) {
		this.hobbies = hobbies;
	}
	public void setCars(List<Car> cars) {
		this.cars = cars;
	}
	public void setScores(Set<Integer> scores) {
		this.scores = scores;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "CollectionBean [ hobbies=" + hobbies + ",\n cars=" + cars
				+ ", scores=" + scores + ",\n map=" + map + ",\n properties="
				+ properties + " ]";
	}
	
	public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
		this.map = map;
	}
	public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
		this.properties = properties;
	}


}

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	   xmlns:p = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
	<!--  集合属性注入 -->
	<bean id="collectionBean" class="com.my.collection.CollectionBean">
		<property name="hobbies">
			<list>
				<value>音乐</value>
				<value>体育</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="cars">
			<list>
				<ref bean="car"/>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="scores">
			<set>
				<value>100</value>
				<value>90</value>
			</set>
		</property>
		<property name="map">
			<map>
				<entry key="公司" value="百度"></entry>
				<entry key="人数" value="100"></entry>
			</map>
		</property>
		<property name="properties">
			<props>
				<prop key="城市">北京</prop>
				<prop key="年龄">20</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

Test.java

package com.my.collection;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class Test {

	@org.junit.Test
	public void test() {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		CollectionBean bean = (CollectionBean) applicationContext.getBean("collectionBean");
		System.out.println(bean);
	}

}

运行结果：