上篇写了好多<string>库的文件,但是没来的及实现,现在把代码补上
(1)体验<string>库文件的强大之处。代码如下
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string str,str1,str2;
str = "hello, world";
cout << "输入的字符串为 " << str << endl;
cout << "它的长度为 " << (str.length()) << endl;
cout << "str[1]的值是: " << str[1] << endl;
cout << "str.at(1)的值是: " << (str.at(1)) << endl;
str1 = "hello";
str1.at(0) = 'H';
cout << "赋值H后的str1的值为 " << str1 << endl;
str1 = str;
cout << "把str的值赋给str1,之后str1的值为 " << str1 << endl;
cout << "str的值为" << str << endl;
str2 = str1.substr(1,3);
cout << "截取str1中的1到3的元素,结果为 " << str2 << endl;
cout << "str1中出现的第一个o 在下标 " << str1.find('o') << endl;
if(str == str1) {cout << "str=str1" << endl;}
if(str == str2) {
cout << "str=str2" << endl;
}else{
cout << "str不等于str2" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
输出为:
(2)判断前缀
/*判断str是否以str1为前缀*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool startsWith(string str,string prefix);
int main() {
string str,str1;
cout << "输入第一个字符串" << endl;
getline(cin,str);
cout << "输入第二个字符串" << endl;
getline(cin,str1);
if(startsWith(str,str1)) {
cout << "存在前缀" << endl;
} else{
cout << "不存在前缀" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
bool startsWith(string str, string prefix) {
if (str.length() < prefix.length()) return false;
for (int i = 0; i < prefix.length(); i++) {
if (str[i] != prefix[i]) return false;
}
return true;
}
输出如下:
(3)输出重复字符
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
string repeatChar(int n, char ch); /*函数返回的是字符串,所以使用字符串类型*/
int main(){
char ch;
cout << "输入一个你想重复的字符" << endl;
cin >> ch;
cout << "输入你想重复的次数" << endl;
int n; cin >> n;
cout << "输出的重复字符为:" << endl;
cout << repeatChar(n, ch) << endl;
return 0;
}
string repeatChar(int n, char ch) {
string str = "";
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
str += ch;
}
return str;
}
运行结果如下
(4)字符串翻转
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
string reverse(string str);
int main() {
cout << "输入你想翻转的字符串" << endl;
string str;
getline(cin,str);
cout << "翻转后的字符串为:" << endl;
cout << reverse(str) << endl;
return 0;
}
string reverse(string str) {
string rev = "";
for (int i = str.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
rev += str[i];
}
return rev;
}
运行结果为:(注意这个函数包含空格字符我在最后一个h后面还输入了一个空格)