leetcode268. Missing Number

268. Missing Number

Given an array containing n distinct numbers taken from 0, 1, 2, …, n, find the one that is missing from the array.

For example,
Given nums = [0, 1, 3] return 2.

解法一

求和法，求出0-n的he，然后减去数组中的每个值，最后剩余哪个。

public class Solution {
    public int missingNumber(int[] nums) {
        int length = nums.length;
        int sum = (0 + length) * (length + 1) / 2;
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
            sum -= nums[i];
        }

        return sum;
    }
}

解法二

异或 b = a ^ a ^ b， 将序号和每个位置的值都异或一遍，看最后剩哪个。

public class Solution {
    public int missingNumber(int[] nums) {
        int xor = 0;
        int i = 0;
        for (; i < nums.length; i++) {
            xor = xor ^ i ^ nums[i];
        }

        return xor ^ i;
    }
}

解法三

对数组进行排序，判断当前位置的值是否大于当前序号，如果大于，则end＝mid。

public class Solution {
    public int missingNumber(int[] nums) {
        if (nums == null || nums.length == 0) {
            return -1;
        }
        Arrays.sort(nums);
        int start = 0; 
        int end = nums.length;
        int mid;
        while (start + 1 < end) {
            mid = start + (end - start) / 2;
            if (mid < nums[mid]) {
                end = mid;
            } else {
                start = mid;
            }
        }

        if (start < nums[start]) {
            return start;
        } else {
            return end;
        }
    }
}