Iterator and Composite Pattern

Iterator

Definition-Provide a way to access the elements of an aggregate object equentially without exposing its underlying representation.

Composite Pattern

Definition-Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.Composite lets clients treat individual objects and compositions of objects uniformly. This is called recursive composition.

//UML Picture

 

Use the Composite pattern when

- You want to represent part-whole hierarchies of objects

- You want clients to be able to ignore the difference between compositions of objects and individual objects. Clients will treat all objects in the composite structure uniformly.

Benefits

-It makes it easy to add new kinds of components

-It makes clients simpler, since they do not have to know if they are dealing with a leaf or a composite component

Liabilities

It makes it harder to restrict the type of components of a composite

//Example

 //code

//Graphic.java

import  java.lang. * ;
import  java.util.ArrayList;
import  java.util.Iterator;
public   abstract   class  Graphic  ... {
    public void Draw()
    ...{
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
    public void Add(Graphic g)
    ...{
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
    public void Remove(Graphic g)
    ...{
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
    public Graphic GetChild(int i)
    ...{
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
    
}
class  GraphicElement  extends  Graphic
... {
    String Name;
    public GraphicElement(String Name)
    ...{
        this.Name = Name;
    }
    public void Draw()
    ...{
        System.out.println(Name);
    }
    
}
class  CompositeElement  extends  Graphic
... {
    String Name;
    ArrayList elements;
    public CompositeElement(String Name)
    ...{
        this.Name = Name;
        elements = new ArrayList();
    }
    public void Add(Graphic g)
    ...{
        elements.add(g);
    }
    public void Remove(Graphic g)
    ...{
        elements.remove(g);
    }
    public Graphic GetChild(int i)
    ...{
        if(i<elements.size() && elements.get(i)!=null)
            return (Graphic)elements.get(i);
        else
            return null;
    }
    public void Draw()
    ...{
        System.out.println(Name);
        Iterator iterator=elements.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext())
        ...{
            Graphic g=(Graphic)iterator.next();
            g.Draw();
        }
    }
    
}

//Main.java

 

public   class  Main  ... {

    public static void main(String[] args) ...{
        GraphicElement aText=new GraphicElement("aText");
        GraphicElement aLine1=new GraphicElement("aLine");
        GraphicElement aLine2=new GraphicElement("aLine");
        GraphicElement aRectangle1=new GraphicElement("aRectangle");
        GraphicElement aRectangle2=new GraphicElement("aRectangle");
        
        CompositeElement aPicture1=new CompositeElement("aPicture1");
        CompositeElement aPicture2=new CompositeElement("aPicture2");
        
        
        aPicture2.Add(aText);
        aPicture2.Add(aLine1);
        aPicture2.Add(aRectangle1);
        
        aPicture1.Add(aPicture2);
        aPicture1.Add(aLine2);
        aPicture1.Add(aRectangle2);
        
        aPicture1.Draw();
    }

}

 

//results

 

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