Android——BroadcastRecevier

• Android中BroadCast主要有普通广播和有序广播

• 普通广播的发送方式为sendBroadcast有序广播的发送方式为sendOrderedBroadcast

• 另外还需要知道本地广播(broadcastManager.sendBroadcast)

demo下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/sapce_fish/9617031

普通广播(sendBroadcast)

普通广播即标准广播，可在manifest文件中注册或者在java代码中动态注册(官方建议动态注册时在onResume()中注册广播，在onPause()中取消注册)，普通广播发送后其所有接收方会同时(逻辑上)接收到广播，可跨进程通信。
1.编写Broadcast类

package com.space.broadcastreceiver.ordinary;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
 * Created by space on 2016/8/28.
 */
public class OrdinaryBroadCastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
    private final static String TAG = "OrdinaryBroadCastReceiver";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.i("space", TAG + "------onReceive 接收到广播 参数 "+intent.getStringExtra("from")+" "+intent.getStringExtra("to"));
    }
}

2.注册广播

方式一：在manifest中注册

<receiver android:name=".ordinary.OrdinaryBroadCastReceiver">
  <intent-filter>
     <action android:name="com.space.OrdinaryBroadCastReceiver"></action>
   </intent-filter>
</receiver>

方式二：在Activity中注册/取消

//注册广播(一般写在onResume()中)
receiver = new LocalBroadCastReceiver();
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction("com.space.OrdinaryBroadCastReceiver");
registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);

//取消注册广播(一般写在onPause()中)
unregisterReceiver(receiver);

3.发送普通广播

intent = new Intent("com.space.OrdinaryBroadCastReceiver");
intent.putExtra("from","MainActivity");
intent.putExtra("to", "OrdinaryBCReceiver");
sendBroadcast(intent);

有序广播(sendOrderedBroadcast)

有序广播，在manifest文件中注册或者在java代码中动态注册(官方建议动态注册时在onResume()中注册广播，在onPause()中取消注册)，有序广播发送后其所有接收者按照优先级进行接收广播，优先级高的接受者有权中断广播，也可将处理结果传递给之后的接受者。
1.编写Broadcast类(这里写了四个广播接收的类，按照优先级进行广播接收)

第一个广播接收类

package com.space.broadcastreceiver.order;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
/**
 * Created by space on 2016/8/28.
 */
public class OrderReceiverOne extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final static String TAG = "OrderReceiverOne";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Bundle bundle = getResultExtras(true);
        int i = -1;
        if(bundle != null){
            i = bundle.getInt("count");
            bundle.putInt("count",i+1);
            bundle.putInt("countOne",-200);
        }
        Log.i("space", TAG + "------onReceive 接收到广播 参数"+i);
        setResultExtras(bundle);
    }
}

第二个广播接收类

package com.space.broadcastreceiver.order;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
/**
 * Created by space on 2016/8/28.
 */
public class OrderReceiverTwo extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final static String TAG = "OrderReceiverTwo";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Bundle bundle = getResultExtras(true);
        int i = -1;
        int countOne = -1;
        if(bundle != null){
            i = bundle.getInt("count");
            countOne = bundle.getInt("countOne");
            bundle.putInt("count", i+1);
            bundle.putInt("countTwo", -300);
        }
        Log.i("space", TAG + "------onReceive 接收到广播 参数" + i + " "+countOne);
        setResultExtras(bundle);
    }
}

第三个广播接收类

package com.space.broadcastreceiver.order;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
/**
 * Created by space on 2016/8/28.
 */
public class OrderReceiverThree extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final static String TAG = "OrderReceiverThree";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Bundle bundle = getResultExtras(true);
        int i = -1;
        int countOne = -1;
        int countTwo = -1;
        if(bundle != null){
            i = bundle.getInt("count");
            countOne = bundle.getInt("countOne");
            countTwo = bundle.getInt("countTwo");
            bundle.putInt("count",i+1);
            bundle.putInt("countThree",-400);
        }
        Log.i("space", TAG + "------onReceive 接收到广播 参数"+i+" "+countOne+" "+countTwo+" 截断广播");
        setResultExtras(bundle);
        abortBroadcast();
    }
}

第四个广播接收类

package com.space.broadcastreceiver.order;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
/**
 * Created by space on 2016/8/28.
 */
public class OrderReceiverFour extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final static String TAG = "OrderReceiverFour";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
        int i = -1;
        if(bundle != null){
            i = bundle.getInt("count");
            bundle.putInt("count",i+1);
        }
        Log.i("space", TAG + "------onReceive 接收到广播 参数" + i + " " +getResultData());
    }
}

2.注册广播

<receiver android:name=".order.OrderReceiverOne">
    <intent-filter android:priority="100">
        <action android:name="com.space.OrderReceiver"></action>
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

<receiver android:name=".order.OrderReceiverTwo">
     <intent-filter android:priority="99">
        <action android:name="com.space.OrderReceiver"></action>
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

<receiver android:name=".order.OrderReceiverThree">
     <intent-filter android:priority="98">
        <action android:name="com.space.OrderReceiver"></action>
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

<receiver android:name=".order.OrderReceiverFour">
   <intent-filter android:priority="97">
      <action android:name="com.space.OrderReceiver"></action>
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

3.发送有序广播

intent = new Intent("com.space.OrderReceiver");
intent.putExtra("count", 0);
sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null);

4.结果

从截图可以看到广播确实是按照在manifest中设置的优先级接收到广播的，并且优先级高的可以操作广播中传输的数据，并且可以截断广播(接收器四没有收到广播)

本地广播(broadcastManager.sendBroadcast)

本地广播，在manifest文件中注册或者在java代码中动态注册(官方建议动态注册时在onResume()中注册广播，在onPause()中取消注册)，本地广播的特点是发送后只有当前app能够接收到广播，不用担心其他应用接收到广播，避免数据泄露。
1.编写Broadcast类

package com.space.broadcastreceiver.local;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
 * Created by space on 2016/8/28.
 */
public class LocalBroadCastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
    private final static String TAG = "LocalBroadCastReceiver";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.i("space", TAG + "------onReceive 接收到广播");
    }
}

2.注册/取消 广播

private LocalBroadcastManager broadcastManager;
private BroadcastReceiver receiver;
private final String mLocalAction = "com.space.localReceiver";

//注册广播(一般写在onResume()中)
receiver = new LocalBroadCastReceiver();
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(mLocalAction);
broadcastManager.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);

//取消注册广播(一般写在onPause()中)
broadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(receiver);

3.发送广播

Intent intent = new Intent(mLocalAction);
broadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent);

至此已经介绍了普通广播与有序广播的使用
另外如果有不明白的地方可以留言。有写错或者不好的地方欢迎指正