Failed to lazily initialize a collection - no session or session was closed

环境 spring＋hibernate3＋struts

今天又碰到错误

failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: no session or session was closed

试验了一下发现了几个解决方法：

1、是把对应一对多的那两个列lazy=true改为lazy＝false即可

2、对于查询中如果用的是xxx.load（class，id）则改为xxx,get(class，id)
3在web.xml文件中加入 

<filter>
  <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>

  <init-param>
            <param-name>singleSession</param-name>
            <param-value>false</param-value>
        </init-param> 

<!--这个--  <init-param>一定要加不然很可能会报错：org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: Write operations are not allowed in read-only mode (FlushMode.NEVER) - turn your Session into FlushMode.AUTO or remove 'readOnly' marker from transaction definition
>
 </filter>

 <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>*.mmg</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping>