Ruby之数组

首先通过实例来分析数组 是怎么样访问 的

 

arr=[3,4,5,6,7,8,9]

for i in 1..3
  print arr[i], "数组内容： ","/n"

end

 

puts arr[0] #3

 

puts arr.first #3

 

puts arr[arr.length-1 ] #9

puts arr[arr.size-1 ] #9

puts arr.last #9

puts arr[-1] #9

puts arr[-2] #8

print arr[1..3] ,"/n" #456

print arr[-3,2] ,"/n" #78

#数组的索引从0开始，一直到数组的长度减去
#负数表示从数组末尾开始的索引；用一对数字来索引数组
#第一个数字表示开始位置 ，第二数字表示从开始位置起的元素数目 。

 

其次， 数组的增加 、删除 运算

arr=[4,5,6]
print arr.join(", ") ,"/n" #4, 5, 6

arr[4] = "m" #把4号索引位置元素赋值为"m"
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #4, 5, 6, , m

print arr[3] ,"/n" #打印3号索引位置元素， 3号元素为空 #nil
arr.delete_at(3) #删除3号索引位置元素
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #4, 5, 6, m

arr[2] = ["a","b","c"] #把2号索引位置元素赋值为["a","b","c"]
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #4, 5, a, b, c, m

print arr[2] ,"/n" #打印2号索引位置元素 #abc

arr[0..1] = [7,"h","b"] #把0..1号元素替换为7,"h","b"

arr.push("b" ) #加入元素"b"
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #7, h, b, a, b, c, m, b

arr.delete(["a","b","c"] ) #删除元素["a","b","c"]
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #7, h, b, m, b
arr.delete("b") #删除所有元素"b"
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #7, h, m

arr.insert(3,"d") #在3号索引位置插入元素"d"
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #7, h, m, d

arr<<"f"<<2 #加入元素"f"；加入元素2
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #7, h, m, d, f, 2

arr.pop #删除尾元素
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #7, h, m, d, f

arr.shift #删除首元素
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #h, m, d, f

arr.clear #清空数组arr
print arr.join(", "),"/n" #
print arr.length
=end

 

最后，数组的运算

 

aaaa=[" wa ",4,5," bb "]
bbbb=[4,1,3,2,5," was "," wa "]
ccc = [4,1,3,2,5]

print aaaa + bbbb ,"/n" # wa 45 bb 41325 was  wa  加运算
print   bbbb+ aaaa ,"/n" #41325 was  wa  wa 45 bb


print aaaa * 2 ,"/n" # wa 45 bb  wa 45 bb   乘运算
print "减法运算、",bbbb - aaaa ,"/n" #132 was        减运算 ， 这里区分空格

#并运算；交运算
print aaaa | bbbb ,"/n" #  wa 45 bb 132 was   并运算
print aaaa & bbbb ,"/n" # wa 45    交运算

#排序；倒置
print ccc.sort ,"/n" #12345
print aaaa.reverse ,"/n" #  bb 54 wa