Linux下配置Apache+Mod_Wsgi+Django环境

Linux下配置Apache+Mod_Wsgi+Django环境

 一．安装环境

操作系统：CentOS release 5.5

内核版本：Linux Svn-168-1-11 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Fri Apr 2 14:58:14 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Python版本：Python 2.4.3

Apche版本：httpd-2.2.3

Mod_Wsgi版本：mod_wsgi-3.2-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

Django版本：Django-1.2.4

 

二．软件安装

Python采用默认rpm安装路径

安装Apache：

yum –y install httpd(httpd-2.2.3-53.el5.centos.1.x86_64.rpm)

安装Mod_Wsgi：

rpm –ivh mod_wsgi-3.2-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

安装Django：

tar –zxvf Django-1.2.4.tar.gz

cd Django-1.2.4

python setup.py install

 

安装MySQLdb

wget -q http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py

wgethttp://pypi.python.org/packages/2.4/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg

python ez_setup.py

tar –zxvf MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd  MySQL-python-1.2.3

python setup.py build

python setup.py install

 

安装成功验证：

Shell>python

Python 2.4.3 (#1, May  5 2011, 16:39:10)

[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-50)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import django

>>> django.VERSION

(1, 2, 4, 'final', 0)

>>> import MySQLdb

>>> 

 

shell>ls /etc/httpd/conf.d

proxy_ajp.conf  README  welcome.conf wsgi.conf

 

shell> ls /etc/httpd/modules/ | grep mod_wsgi

mod_wsgi.so

 

三．项目部署

1.打包压缩开发代码:dajie.zip

2.上传至服务器并解压缩至目录/var/www/html

 Shell> ls /var/www/html/

dajie

3.修改Apche配置文件httpd.conf

Shell> vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

###在最后添加如下内容

<VirtualHost *:80>

        ServerName mice.operation.dajie-inc.com

       DocumentRoot /var/www/html/dajie

       WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/html/dajie/apache/django.wsgi

        <Directory />

                Order deny,allow

                Allow from all

        </Directory>

       <Directory /apache>

                Allow from all

        </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

4.创建并配置wsgi的配置文件：

Shell>cd /var/www/html/dajie

Shell>mkdir apache

Shell>touch django.wsgi

Shell>cat django.wsgi

import os, sys

 

#Calculate the path based on the location of the WSGI script.

apache_configuration= os.path.dirname(__file__)

project = os.path.dirname(apache_configuration)

workspace = os.path.dirname(project)

sys.path.append(workspace)

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'dajie.settings'

os.environ['PYTHON_EGG_CACHE'] = '/tmp'

 

import django.core.handlers.wsgi

application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

print >> sys.stderr, sys.path                                                                                                              

shell>chmod a+x django.wsgi

5.修改django项目的配置文件/var/www/html/dajie/settings.py,主要是下面两处：

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

       'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

       'NAME': 'dajieod',                     

       'USER': 'dajieod',                     

       'PASSWORD': 'dajieod123',                 

       'HOST': '127.0.0.1',                    

       'PORT': '3306',                         }

}

 

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (

    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".

    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.

    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.

   '/var/www/html/dajie/templates',

)

 

四．启动项目

shell>service httpd restart

访问测试：

http://192.168.1.11

 

项目部署ok~

 

五．问题集

1.安装MySQL-python执行：python setup.py build报错：EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found

方法解决：ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config /usr/local/bin/mysql_config
将mysql_confi从你的安装目录链接到/usr/local/bin目录下，这样就可以在任意目录下访问了（也可以放到/usr/bin）

 

2. import MySQLdb报错：ImportError: libmysqlclient_r.so.16: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决方法：将mysql/lib下所有关于libmysqlclient的so文件软链接到/usr/lib下。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient* /usr/lib
ldconfig
这样 import MySQLdb 的时候就不会出错了

 

3.在系统环境中安装完django、MySQLdb后，执行import都没有问题，但是启动Apache后，浏览器访问时却报错：

Error loading MySQLdb module: ImportError: libmysqlclient_r.so.16: cannot open shared object file: Permission denied

解决方法：这里apache的Permission denied问题是由SELINUX引起的，关闭SELINUX即可。关闭Selinux：vi /etc/selinux/config===》SELINUX=disabled，然后重启系统

（不重启设置Selinux:setenforce 0  查看Selinux:getenforce）