经典的字符串hash函数C/java实现

所有内容均来自于：http://www.partow.net/programming/hashfunctions/

以下总共给出了10种字符串hash函数，在上面的链接中可以找到各个Hash函数的描述，以及一些其它的关于hash函数的资料下载。

这些hash函数各自的优缺点不详。其中，ELFHash函数是在unix系统中被广泛使用的，也是《算法艺术与信息学竞赛》中作者推荐的一个字符串hash函数。DEKHash函数是Knuth在其《The Art of Computer Programming》第三卷中引入的。

关于其他算法文章请参考数据结构与算法。

以下是C实现

unsigned int RSHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int b    = 378551;  
   unsigned int a    = 63689;  
   unsigned int hash = 0;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = hash * a + (*str);  
      a    = a * b;  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of RS Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int JSHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int hash = 1315423911;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash ^= ((hash << 5) + (*str) + (hash >> 2));  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of JS Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int PJWHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   const unsigned int BitsInUnsignedInt = (unsigned int)(sizeof(unsigned int) * 8);  
   const unsigned int ThreeQuarters     = (unsigned int)((BitsInUnsignedInt  * 3) / 4);  
   const unsigned int OneEighth         = (unsigned int)(BitsInUnsignedInt / 8);  
   const unsigned int HighBits          = (unsigned int)(0xFFFFFFFF) << (BitsInUnsignedInt - OneEighth);  
   unsigned int hash              = 0;  
   unsigned int test              = 0;  
   unsigned int i                 = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = (hash << OneEighth) + (*str);  
      if((test = hash & HighBits)  != 0)  
      {  
         hash = (( hash ^ (test >> ThreeQuarters)) & (~HighBits));  
      }  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of  P. J. Weinberger Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int ELFHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int hash = 0;  
   unsigned int x    = 0;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = (hash << 4) + (*str);  
      if((x = hash & 0xF0000000L) != 0)  
      {  
         hash ^= (x >> 24);  
      }  
      hash &= ~x;  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of ELF Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int BKDRHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int seed = 131; /* 31 131 1313 13131 131313 etc.. */  
   unsigned int hash = 0;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = (hash * seed) + (*str);  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of BKDR Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int SDBMHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int hash = 0;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = (*str) + (hash << 6) + (hash << 16) - hash;  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of SDBM Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int DJBHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int hash = 5381;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + (*str);  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of DJB Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int DEKHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int hash = len;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = ((hash << 5) ^ (hash >> 27)) ^ (*str);  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of DEK Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int BPHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int hash = 0;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash = hash << 7 ^ (*str);  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of BP Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int FNVHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   const unsigned int fnv_prime = 0x811C9DC5;  
   unsigned int hash      = 0;  
   unsigned int i         = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash *= fnv_prime;  
      hash ^= (*str);  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of FNV Hash Function */  
  
unsigned int APHash(char* str, unsigned int len)  
{  
   unsigned int hash = 0xAAAAAAAA;  
   unsigned int i    = 0;  
   for(i = 0; i < len; str++, i++)  
   {  
      hash ^= ((i & 1) == 0) ? (  (hash <<  7) ^ (*str) * (hash >> 3)) :  
                               (~((hash << 11) + (*str) ^ (hash >> 5)));  
   }  
   return hash;  
}  
/* End Of AP Hash Function */  
 

/*
 **************************************************************************
 *                                                                        *
 *          General Purpose Hash Function Algorithms Library              *
 *                                                                        *
 * Author: Arash Partow - 2002                                            *
 * URL: http://www.partow.net                                             *
 * URL: http://www.partow.net/programming/hashfunctions/index.html        *
 *                                                                        *
 * Copyright notice:                                                      *
 * Free use of the General Purpose Hash Function Algorithms Library is    *
 * permitted under the guidelines and in accordance with the most current *
 * version of the Common Public License.                                  *
 * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl1.0.php                          *
 *                                                                        *
 **************************************************************************
*/


class GeneralHashFunctionLibrary
{


   public long RSHash(String str)
   {
      int b     = 378551;
      int a     = 63689;
      long hash = 0;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = hash * a + str.charAt(i);
         a    = a * b;
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of RS Hash Function */


   public long JSHash(String str)
   {
      long hash = 1315423911;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash ^= ((hash << 5) + str.charAt(i) + (hash >> 2));
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of JS Hash Function */


   public long PJWHash(String str)
   {
      long BitsInUnsignedInt = (long)(4 * 8);
      long ThreeQuarters     = (long)((BitsInUnsignedInt  * 3) / 4);
      long OneEighth         = (long)(BitsInUnsignedInt / 8);
      long HighBits          = (long)(0xFFFFFFFF) << (BitsInUnsignedInt - OneEighth);
      long hash              = 0;
      long test              = 0;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = (hash << OneEighth) + str.charAt(i);

         if((test = hash & HighBits)  != 0)
         {
            hash = (( hash ^ (test >> ThreeQuarters)) & (~HighBits));
         }
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of  P. J. Weinberger Hash Function */


   public long ELFHash(String str)
   {
      long hash = 0;
      long x    = 0;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = (hash << 4) + str.charAt(i);

         if((x = hash & 0xF0000000L) != 0)
         {
            hash ^= (x >> 24);
         }
         hash &= ~x;
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of ELF Hash Function */


   public long BKDRHash(String str)
   {
      long seed = 131; // 31 131 1313 13131 131313 etc..
      long hash = 0;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = (hash * seed) + str.charAt(i);
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of BKDR Hash Function */


   public long SDBMHash(String str)
   {
      long hash = 0;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = str.charAt(i) + (hash << 6) + (hash << 16) - hash;
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of SDBM Hash Function */


   public long DJBHash(String str)
   {
      long hash = 5381;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + str.charAt(i);
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of DJB Hash Function */


   public long DEKHash(String str)
   {
      long hash = str.length();

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = ((hash << 5) ^ (hash >> 27)) ^ str.charAt(i);
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of DEK Hash Function */


   public long BPHash(String str)
   {
      long hash = 0;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         hash = hash << 7 ^ str.charAt(i);
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of BP Hash Function */


   public long FNVHash(String str)
   {
      long fnv_prime = 0x811C9DC5;
      long hash = 0;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
      hash *= fnv_prime;
      hash ^= str.charAt(i);
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of FNV Hash Function */


   public long APHash(String str)
   {
      long hash = 0xAAAAAAAA;

      for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
      {
         if ((i & 1) == 0)
         {
            hash ^= ((hash << 7) ^ str.charAt(i) * (hash >> 3));
         }
         else
         {
            hash ^= (~((hash << 11) + str.charAt(i) ^ (hash >> 5)));
         }
      }

      return hash;
   }
   /* End Of AP Hash Function */

}