Hibernate 学习代码/笔记 (一)

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-28 19:27:56 发布

Simba_cheng

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-28 19:27:56 发布

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分类专栏： Hibernate

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/simba_cheng/article/details/50363172

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业余时间学习下Hibernate.....

Hibernate的概念和作用就不废话了..百度都有..

Hibernate和JDBC比较:

使用JDBC有以下缺点:

1.需要编写大量的SQL语句

2.需要大量的?参数赋值

3.需要将ResultSet结果集合转换成实体对象

4.SQL中包含特有函数,无法移植

使用Hibernate可以解决以上问题:

1.自动生成SQL

2.自动给?赋值

3.自动将ResultSet结果集转换为实体对象

4.采用一致的方法对数据库操作,移植性好

Hibernate和MyBatis比较:

共性:

1.对JDBC进行了封装

2.采用ORM框架思想解决了Entity和数据库的映射问题

MyBatis:

1.MyBaits采用SQL与Entity映射,对JDBC封装程度较轻

2.MyBatis自己写SQL,更具有灵活性

Hibernate:

1.Hibernate采用数据库与Entity映射,对JDBC封装比较重.

2.Hibernate自动生成SQL,对于基本的操作,开发效率较高.

ORM思想:

ORM:Object Relation Mapping ,即对象关系映射,指的是Java对象与关系数据库之间的映射

ORM思想:就是将对象与数据库数据进行相互转换的思想,不同的框架技术实现ORM的手段不同,但更多的采用配置+反射的方式来实现ORM

创建工程和引JAR包什么的就不废话了...

具体的流程...

1.创建实体类
2.提供User.hbm.xml文件
3.将User.hbm.xml文件加入到hibernate.cfg.xml文件中
4.编写工具类ExportDB.java，将hbm生成ddl,也就是hbm2ddl
5.建立客户端类Client，添加用户数据到mySQL

先来一个结构图吧

好了..下面上代码

首先是实体类..

package com.hibernate.entity;

import java.util.Date;

public class Students {
	private int sid;
	private String sname;
	private String gender;
	private Date birthday;
	private String address;
	public int getSid() {
		return sid;
	}
	public void setSid(int sid) {
		this.sid = sid;
	}
	public String getSname() {
		return sname;
	}
	public void setSname(String sname) {
		this.sname = sname;
	}
	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Students [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", gender=" + gender + ", birthday=" + birthday
				+ ", address=" + address + "]";
	}
	public Students(int sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday, String address) {
//		super();
		this.sid = sid;
		this.sname = sname;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.address = address;
	}
	public Students() {
//		super();
	}
}

然后是hibernate 的配置文件 hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>

		<property name="connection.username">root</property>		<!-- 数据库用户名 -->
		<property name="connection.password">1234</property>		<!-- 数据库密码 -->
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property><!-- 数据库驱动 -->
		<!-- 数据库地址 -->
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?user=root&password=1234&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property><!-- mysql 数据库方言 -->

		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
		
		<mapping resource="com/hibernate/entity/Students.hbm.xml"/>
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

接着是 hibernate的映射文件 Students.hbm.xml

关于映射文件...我用的是Eclipse,安装了hibernate插件以后,自动生成的...

(话说新版的Eclipse启动的图片挺好看的...)

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2015-12-19 23:24:01 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.hibernate.entity.Students" table="STUDENTS">
        <id name="sid" type="int">
            <column name="SID" />
            <generator class="assigned" />
        </id>
        <property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="SNAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="gender" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="GENDER" />
        </property>
        <property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date">
            <column name="BIRTHDAY" />
        </property>
        <property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ADDRESS" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

然后写一个测试方法 StudentsTest

package com.test;

import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.hibernate.entity.Students;



//测试类
public class StudentsTest {
	
	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	private Session session;
	private Transaction transaction;
	
	@Before	//初始化
	public void init(){
		//创建配置对象
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
		//创建服务注册对象
		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = (ServiceRegistry) new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
		//创建会话工厂对象
		sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
		//创建会话对象
		session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		//开启事务
		transaction = session.beginTransaction();
	}
	
	@After //释放资源
	public void destory(){
		transaction.commit();	//提交
		session.close();		//关闭会话
		sessionFactory.close();	//关闭会话工厂
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSaveStudents(){
		try{
			Students st = new Students();
			st.setSid(1);
			st.setSname("小王");
			st.setGender("男");
			st.setBirthday(new Date());
			st.setAddress("中南海");			
			session.save(st);		
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
}

然后就可以欢乐的跑起来了....

因为数据库字符集问题...数据库的图片我就不传了..都是乱码...

关于hibernate.cfg.xml的配置,以后再说...

这个是根据慕课网学习后写出来的例子...感谢慕课网...

更新于2015-12-24

完整的hibernate单表增删查改

entity实体类

package com.hibernate.entity;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Timestamp;

public class Emp {

	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Integer age;
	private Double salary;
	private Boolean marry;
	private Date birthday;
	private Timestamp lastLoginTime;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Double getSalary() {
		return salary;
	}
	public void setSalary(Double salary) {
		this.salary = salary;
	}
	public Boolean getMarry() {
		return marry;
	}
	public void setMarry(Boolean marry) {
		this.marry = marry;
	}
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public Timestamp getLastLoginTime() {
		return lastLoginTime;
	}
	public void setLastLoginTime(Timestamp lastLoginTime) {
		this.lastLoginTime = lastLoginTime;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Emp [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
				+ ", salary=" + salary + ", marry=" + marry + ", birthday="
				+ birthday + ", lastLoginTime=" + lastLoginTime + "]";
	}
	public Emp(Integer id, String name, Integer age, Double salary,
			Boolean marry, Date birthday, Timestamp lastLoginTime) {
//		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.salary = salary;
		this.marry = marry;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.lastLoginTime = lastLoginTime;
	}
	public Emp() {
//		super();
	}	
}

实体类配置文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<!-- 学生的对象关系映射 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.hibernate.entity.Emp" table="emp">		<!-- 配置实体类 和 表的关系 -->
    	<id name="id" type="integer" column="id">	<!-- 配置主键属性和字段的关系 -->
    		<generator class="sequence">					<!-- 用来指明主键的生成方式 -->
    			<param name="sequence">emp_seq</param>		<!-- 指定用于生成主键的sequence -->
    		</generator>    		
    	</id>
    	<property name="name" type="string" column="name"></property>
    	<property name="age" type="integer" column="age"></property>
    	<property name="salary" type="double" column="salary"></property>
    	<property name="birthday" type="date" column="birthday"></property>
    	<property name="lastLoginTime" type="timestamp" column="last_Login_Time"></property>
    	<property name="marry" type="yes_no" column="marry"></property>
    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory >
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>	<!-- 数据库地址 -->
		<property name="connection.username">Simba</property>							<!-- 数据库用户名 -->
		<property name="connection.password">Simba</property>							<!-- 数据库密码 -->
		<property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>	<!-- 数据库驱动 -->		
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>			<!-- mysql 数据库方言 -->
				
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>		
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>		
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		
		<mapping resource="com/hibernate/entity/Emp.hbm.xml"/>
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

hibernate 配置文件

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory >
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>	<!-- 数据库地址 -->
		<property name="connection.username">Simba</property>							<!-- 数据库用户名 -->
		<property name="connection.password">Simba</property>							<!-- 数据库密码 -->
		<property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>	<!-- 数据库驱动 -->		
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>			<!-- mysql 数据库方言 -->
				
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>		
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>		
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		
		<mapping resource="com/hibernate/entity/Emp.hbm.xml"/>
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

获取session的工具类

package com.hibernate.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;

public class HibernateUtil {
	
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	
	//加载Hibernate主配置
	static {		
		//创建配置对象
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
		//创建服务注册对象
		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
		//创建会话工厂对象
		sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
	}
	
	//获取session
	public static Session getSession(){		
		return sessionFactory.openSession();		
	}
}

测试代码

package com.hibernate.test;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.hibernate.entity.Emp;
import com.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;

public class EmpTest {

	private Session session;
	private HibernateUtil hibernateUtil;
	
	/**
	 * 添加
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void add() throws Exception {
		Emp emp = new Emp();
		emp.setName("小王");
		emp.setAge(18);
		emp.setMarry(false);
		emp.setSalary(8000.0);
		emp.setBirthday(Date.valueOf("1993-1-1"));
		emp.setLastLoginTime(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
		session = hibernateUtil.getSession();
		// 开启事务
		Transaction transaction = (Transaction) session.beginTransaction();
		try {
			session.save(emp);
			transaction.commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			transaction.rollback();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}
	}

	
	/**
	 * 根据ID查找
	 */
	@Test
	public void findById() {
		session = hibernateUtil.getSession();
		Emp emp = (Emp) session.get(Emp.class, 1);
		System.out.println(emp.getName() + " " + emp.getAge());
		session.close();
	}

	
	/**
	 * 修改更新
	 */
	@Test
	public void update() {
		session = hibernateUtil.getSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Emp emp = (Emp) session.get(Emp.class, 1);
		try {
			emp.setName("大王");
			emp.setAge(99);
			session.update(emp);
			transaction.commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			transaction.rollback();
		} finally {
			if (session != null) {
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 删除
	 */
	@Test
	public void delete(){
		session = hibernateUtil.getSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Emp emp = (Emp)session.get(Emp.class, 2);		
		try{
			session.delete(emp);
			transaction.commit();
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			transaction.rollback();
		}finally{
			session.close();
		}				
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 查询所有
	 */
	@Test
	public void findAll(){
		session = hibernateUtil.getSession();		
		String hsql = "from Emp";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);
		List<Emp> listEmp = query.list();
		for (Emp emp : listEmp) {
			System.out.println(emp.getName());
		}
		session.close();
	}

}

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Hibernate 学习代码/笔记 (一)

业余时间学习下Hibernate.....创建工程和引JAR包什么的就不废话了...先来一个结构图吧好了..下面上代码首先是实体类..package com.hibernate.entity;import java.util.Date;public class Students { private int sid; private String sn
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