RestKit ,一个用于更好支持RESTful风格服务器接口的iOS库

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-12 11:18:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-12 11:18:23 发布

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分类专栏： ios122 iOS122-移动混合开发研究院文章标签： restkit

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_30800357/article/details/48439731

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简介

RestKit 是一个用于更好支持RESTful风格服务器接口的iOS库,可直接将联网获取的json/xml数据转换为iOS对象.

项目主页: RestKit
最新示例: 点击下载
注意: 如果无法直接运行示例根目录的工程,可尝试分别运行 Examples 文件夹下的各个子工程,此时你需要给每个子工程都通过 CocoaPods 安装一次 RestKit.

快速入门

使用环境

ARC
iOS 5.1.1 +

安装

通过 CocoaPods 安装

pod 'RestKit'

# 测试和搜索是可选的组件
pod 'RestKit/Testing'
pod 'RestKit/Search'

使用

在需要的地方,引入头文件:

/* 如果使用CoreData,一定要在引入RestKit前引入CoreData.RestKit中有一些预编译宏是基于CoreData是否已经引入;不提前引入CoreData,RestKit中CoreData相关的功能就无法正常使用. */
#import <CoreData/CoreData.h>
#import <RestKit/RestKit.h>

/* Testing 和 Search 是可选的. */
#import <RestKit/Testing.h>
#import <RestKit/Search.h>

以下示例展示了RestKit的基本用法,涉及到网络请求的部分已转由iOS122的测试服务器提供模拟数据.示例代码复制到Xcode中,可直接执行.建议自己新建工程,通过CocoaPods安装RestKit测试.

对象请求

/**
 *  定义数据模型: Article
 */
@interface Article : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString * title;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString * author;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString * body;
@end

// 从/vitural/articles/1234.json获取一篇文章的信息,并把它映射到一个数据模型对象中.
// JSON 内容: {"article": {"title": "My Article", "author": "Blake", "body": "Very cool!!"}}

RKObjectMapping *mapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];
[mapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任何 2xx 状态.
RKResponseDescriptor *responseDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:mapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com/vitural/articles/1234.json"]];
RKObjectRequestOperation *operation = [[RKObjectRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request responseDescriptors:@[responseDescriptor]];
[operation setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *result) {
    Article *article = [result firstObject];
    NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", article);
} failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Failed with error: %@", [error localizedDescription]);
}];
[operation start];

管理对象请求

/* 需要额外引入头文件:#import "RKManagedObjectRequestOperation.h". */

// 从 /vitural/articles/888.json 获取文章和文章标签,并存放到Core Data实体中.
// JSON  数据类似: {"article": {"title": "My Article", "author": "Blake", "body": "Very cool!!", "categories": [{"id": 1, "name": "Core Data"]}
NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
RKManagedObjectStore *managedObjectStore = [[RKManagedObjectStore alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:managedObjectModel];
NSError *error = nil;
BOOL success = RKEnsureDirectoryExistsAtPath(RKApplicationDataDirectory(), &error);
if (! success) {
    RKLogError(@"Failed to create Application Data Directory at path '%@': %@", RKApplicationDataDirectory(), error);
}

// 如果改了实体结构,注意删除手机或模拟器对应路径的数据库
// 文章和标签,要设置 1 对 多的关联!

NSString *path = [RKApplicationDataDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"RestKit.sqlite"]; // 此处要和自己的CoreData数据库的名字一致.
NSPersistentStore *persistentStore = [managedObjectStore addSQLitePersistentStoreAtPath:path fromSeedDatabaseAtPath:nil withConfiguration:nil options:nil error:&error];
if (! persistentStore) {
    RKLogError(@"Failed adding persistent store at path '%@': %@", path, error);
}
[managedObjectStore createManagedObjectContexts];

/* 要在Core Data中预定义相关实体. */
RKEntityMapping *categoryMapping = [RKEntityMapping mappingForEntityForName:@"Category" inManagedObjectStore:managedObjectStore];
[categoryMapping addAttributeMappingsFromDictionary:@{ @"id": @"categoryID", @"name": @"name" }];
RKEntityMapping *articleMapping = [RKEntityMapping mappingForEntityForName:@"Article" inManagedObjectStore:managedObjectStore];
[articleMapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
[articleMapping addPropertyMapping:[RKRelationshipMapping relationshipMappingFromKeyPath:@"categories" toKeyPath:@"categories" withMapping:categoryMapping]];

NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任何 2xx的状态码
RKResponseDescriptor *responseDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:articleMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com/vitural/articles/888.json"]];

RKManagedObjectRequestOperation *operation = [[RKManagedObjectRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request responseDescriptors:@[responseDescriptor]];
operation.managedObjectContext = managedObjectStore.mainQueueManagedObjectContext;
operation.managedObjectCache = managedObjectStore.managedObjectCache;
[operation setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *result) {
    NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", [result firstObject]);

} failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Failed with error: %@", [error localizedDescription]);
}];
NSOperationQueue *operationQueue = [NSOperationQueue new];
[operationQueue addOperation:operation];

把网络请求的错误信息映射一个到 NSError

// 获取 /vitural/articles/error.json,返回报头 422 (Unprocessable Entity)
// JSON 内容: {"errors": "Some Error Has Occurred"}

// 你可以将错误映射到任何类,但是通常使用`RKErrorMessage`就够了.
RKObjectMapping *errorMapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[RKErrorMessage class]];
//  包含错误信息的键对应的值,映射到iOS类的错误信息相关的属性中.
[errorMapping addPropertyMapping:[RKAttributeMapping attributeMappingFromKeyPath:nil toKeyPath:@"errorMessage"]];

NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassClientError);
// 任意报头状态码为 4xx 的返回值.
RKResponseDescriptor *errorDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:errorMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:nil keyPath:@"errors" statusCodes:statusCodes];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com/vitural/articles/error.json"]];
RKObjectRequestOperation *operation = [[RKObjectRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request responseDescriptors:@ [errorDescriptor]];
[operation setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:nil failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    // 映射到的iOS错误类的`description`方法用来作为localizedDescription的值
    NSLog(@"Loaded this error: %@", [error localizedDescription]);

    // 你可以通过`NSError`的`userInfo`获取映射后的iOS类的对象.
    RKErrorMessage *errorMessage =  [[error.userInfo objectForKey:RKObjectMapperErrorObjectsKey] firstObject];

    NSLog(@"%@", errorMessage);
}];

[operation start];

在对象管理器上集中配置.

// 设置文章或请求出错时的响应描述.
// 成功时的JSON类似于: {"article": {"title": "My Article", "author": "Blake", "body": "Very cool!!"}}
RKObjectMapping *mapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];
[mapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任意 2xx 状态码.

RKResponseDescriptor *articleDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:mapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

// 出错时返回的JSON类似: {"errors": "Some Error Has Occurred"}
RKObjectMapping *errorMapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[RKErrorMessage class]];
// 包含错误信息的键对应的值,映射到iOS类的错误信息相关的属性中.

[errorMapping addPropertyMapping:[RKAttributeMapping attributeMappingFromKeyPath:nil toKeyPath:@"errorMessage"]];
NSIndexSet *errorStatusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassClientError);
// 任意报头状态码为 4xx 的返回值.
RKResponseDescriptor *errorDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:errorMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:nil keyPath:@"errors" statusCodes:errorStatusCodes];

// 把响应描述添加到管理器上.
RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];
[manager addResponseDescriptorsFromArray:@[articleDescriptor, errorDescriptor ]];

// 注意,此处所用的接口已在服务器端设置为随机返回正确或错误的信息,以便于测试.
[manager getObject: nil path:@"/vitural/articles/555.json" parameters:nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
    // 处理请求成功获取的文章.
    Article *article = [mappingResult firstObject];
    NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", article);

} failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    // 处理错误信息.
    NSLog(@"%@", error.localizedDescription);
}];

在对象管理器中整合CoreData

/* 配置管理器. */
RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];
[RKObjectManager setSharedManager: manager];

/* 将管理器与CoreData整合到一起. */
NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
RKManagedObjectStore *managedObjectStore = [[RKManagedObjectStore alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:managedObjectModel];

NSError * error = nil;

BOOL success = RKEnsureDirectoryExistsAtPath(RKApplicationDataDirectory(), &error);
if (! success) {
    RKLogError(@"Failed to create Application Data Directory at path '%@': %@", RKApplicationDataDirectory(), error);
}
NSString *path = [RKApplicationDataDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"RestKit.sqlite"]; // 此处要和自己的CoreData数据库的名字一致.
NSPersistentStore *persistentStore = [managedObjectStore addSQLitePersistentStoreAtPath:path fromSeedDatabaseAtPath:nil withConfiguration:nil options:nil error:&error];
if (! persistentStore) {
    RKLogError(@"Failed adding persistent store at path '%@': %@", path, error);
}
[managedObjectStore createManagedObjectContexts];

manager.managedObjectStore = managedObjectStore;

/* 将网络请求的数据存储到CoreData, 要在Core Data中预定义相关实体. */
RKEntityMapping *categoryMapping = [RKEntityMapping mappingForEntityForName:@"Category" inManagedObjectStore:manager.managedObjectStore];
[categoryMapping addAttributeMappingsFromDictionary:@{ @"id": @"categoryID", @"name": @"name" }];
RKEntityMapping *articleMapping = [RKEntityMapping mappingForEntityForName:@"Article" inManagedObjectStore:manager.managedObjectStore];
[articleMapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
[articleMapping addPropertyMapping:[RKRelationshipMapping relationshipMappingFromKeyPath:@"categories" toKeyPath:@"categories" withMapping:categoryMapping]];

NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任何 2xx的状态码
RKResponseDescriptor *responseDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:articleMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

[manager addResponseDescriptor: responseDescriptor];
[manager getObject: nil path:@"/vitural/articles/888.json" parameters:nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
    // 处理请求成功获取的文章.
    NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", [mappingResult firstObject]);
} failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    // 处理错误信息.
    NSLog(@"%@", error.localizedDescription);
}];

从一个地址获取一组数据

    // 设置文章或请求出错时的响应描述.
    // 成功时的JSON类似于: [{"article":{"title":"My Article 1","author":"Blake 1","body":"Very cool!! 1"}},{"article":{"title":"My Article 2","author":"Blake 2","body":"Very cool!! 2"}},{"article":{"title":"My Article 3","author":"Blake 3","body":"Very cool!! 3"}},{"article":{"title":"My Article 4","author":"Blake 4","body":"Very cool!! 4"}}]
    RKObjectMapping *mapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];
    [mapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
    NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任意 2xx 状态码.

    RKResponseDescriptor *articleDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:mapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

    // 出错时返回的JSON类似: {"errors": "Some Error Has Occurred"}
    RKObjectMapping *errorMapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[RKErrorMessage class]];
    // 包含错误信息的键对应的值,映射到iOS类的错误信息相关的属性中.

    [errorMapping addPropertyMapping:[RKAttributeMapping attributeMappingFromKeyPath:nil toKeyPath:@"errorMessage"]];
    NSIndexSet *errorStatusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassClientError);
    // 任意报头状态码为 4xx 的返回值.
    RKResponseDescriptor *errorDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:errorMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:nil keyPath:@"errors" statusCodes:errorStatusCodes];

    // 把响应描述添加到管理器上.
    RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];
    [manager addResponseDescriptorsFromArray:@[articleDescriptor, errorDescriptor ]];

    [manager getObjectsAtPath:@"/vitural/articles" parameters:nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
        // 处理请求成功获取的文章.
        NSArray * articles = [mappingResult array];

        [articles enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(Article * article, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
            NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", article);
        }];

    } failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        // 处理错误信息.
        NSLog(@"%@", error.localizedDescription);
    }];

使用队列管理对象请求

RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com/vitural/articles/1234.json"]];

    RKObjectMapping *mapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];
    [mapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
    NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任意 2xx 状态码.

    RKResponseDescriptor *articleDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:mapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/1234.json" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

RKObjectRequestOperation *operation = [[RKObjectRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request responseDescriptors:@[articleDescriptor]];

[operation setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *result) {
    Article *article = [result firstObject];
    NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", article);
} failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Failed with error: %@", [error localizedDescription]);
}];

[manager enqueueObjectRequestOperation:operation]; // 有了这句,就不需要再调用[operation start] 来发起请求了.
[manager cancelAllObjectRequestOperationsWithMethod:RKRequestMethodAny matchingPathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID\\.json"];

新建,更新与删除对象.

RKObjectMapping *responseMapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];
[responseMapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任何 2xx 状态码
RKResponseDescriptor *articlesDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:responseMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

RKResponseDescriptor *articleDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:responseMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:id" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes];

RKObjectMapping *requestMapping = [RKObjectMapping requestMapping];

[requestMapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];

// 将 Article 序列化为NSMutableDictionary ,并以 `article`为键.
RKRequestDescriptor *requestDescriptor = [RKRequestDescriptor requestDescriptorWithMapping:requestMapping objectClass:[Article class] rootKeyPath:@"article" method:RKRequestMethodAny];

RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];
[manager addRequestDescriptor:requestDescriptor];
[manager addResponseDescriptor:articlesDescriptor];
[manager addResponseDescriptor:articleDescriptor];

Article *article = [Article new];
article.title = @"Introduction to RestKit";
article.body = @"This is some text.";
article.author = @"Blake";

// POST 创建对象.
[manager postObject: article path:@"/vitural/articles" parameters: nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
    /* 这个接口服务器的暂时的逻辑是:把POST过去的数据,原样返回,以确认POST请求成功.*/
        Article *article = [mappingResult firstObject];
        NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", article);
    } failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"Failed with error: %@", [error localizedDescription]);
    }];

// PACTH 更新对象.
article.body = @"New Body";
[manager patchObject:article path:@"/vitural/articles/1234" parameters:nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
    /* 这个接口服务器的暂时的逻辑是:把PACTH过去的数据,原样返回,以确认PATCH请求成功.*/

    Article *article = [mappingResult firstObject];
    NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", article);
} failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Failed with error: %@", [error localizedDescription]);
}];

// DELETE 删除对象.
/* DELETE 操作会影响上面两个接口,最好单独操作. */
//    [manager deleteObject:article path:@"/vitural/articles/1234" parameters:nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
//        /* 这个接口服务器的暂时的逻辑是:把DELTE过去的数据,article字段设为空,以确认DELETE请求成功.*/
//
//        Article *article = [mappingResult firstObject];
//        NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", article);
//    } failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
//        NSLog(@"Failed with error: %@", [error localizedDescription]);
//    }];

日志设置

//  记录所有HTTP请求的请求和相应.
RKLogConfigureByName("RestKit/Network", RKLogLevelTrace);

// 记录Core Data 的调试信息.
RKLogConfigureByName("RestKit/CoreData", RKLogLevelDebug);

// 记录block的调用.
RKLogWithLevelWhileExecutingBlock(RKLogLevelTrace, ^{
    // 自定义日志信息.

});

配置路由

路由,提供了URL无关的网络请求调用方式.它是为了在类/某个名字/某个实体联系与某个URL建立某种关联,以便再操作某个对象时,只需要告诉RestKit这个对象本身的某些属性就可以直接发送网络请求,而不必每次都去手动拼接 URL.

  /* 设置共享的对象管理器. */
    RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];
    [RKObjectManager setSharedManager: manager];

    /* 将管理器与CoreData整合到一起. */
    NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
    RKManagedObjectStore *managedObjectStore = [[RKManagedObjectStore alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:managedObjectModel];

    NSError * error = nil;

    BOOL success = RKEnsureDirectoryExistsAtPath(RKApplicationDataDirectory(), &error);
    if (! success) {
        RKLogError(@"Failed to create Application Data Directory at path '%@': %@", RKApplicationDataDirectory(), error);
    }
    NSString *path = [RKApplicationDataDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"RestKit.sqlite"]; // 此处要和自己的CoreData数据库的名字一致.
    NSPersistentStore *persistentStore = [managedObjectStore addSQLitePersistentStoreAtPath:path fromSeedDatabaseAtPath:nil withConfiguration:nil options:nil error:&error];
    if (! persistentStore) {
        RKLogError(@"Failed adding persistent store at path '%@': %@", path, error);
    }
    [managedObjectStore createManagedObjectContexts];
    manager.managedObjectStore = managedObjectStore;


    // 响应描述,总是必须的.
    RKObjectMapping *mapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];

    [mapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];

    NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任意 2xx 状态码.

    RKResponseDescriptor *articleDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:mapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes]; // articleID 应为 Article 类的一个属性.
    [manager addResponseDescriptor: articleDescriptor];

    /* 类的路由.配置后,操作某个类时,会自动向这个类对应的地址发送请求. */
    [manager.router.routeSet addRoute:[RKRoute routeWithClass:[Article class] pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID\\.json" method:RKRequestMethodGET]];

    /*  发起请求. */
    Article * article = [[Article alloc] init];
    article.articleID = @"888"; // articleId 属性必须给,以拼接地址路由中缺少的部分.

    // 因为配置了路由,所以此处不必再传 path 参数.
    [manager getObject: article path:nil parameters:nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
        // 处理请求成功获取的文章.
        NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", [mappingResult firstObject]);
    } failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        // 处理错误信息.
        NSLog(@"%@", error.localizedDescription);
    }];


    /* 关系路由: 使用CoreData实体间关系命名的路由.*/
    /* 仅在测试CoreData关系路由时,才需要把下面一段的代码注释打开. */
//    RKEntityMapping *categoryMapping = [RKEntityMapping mappingForEntityForName:@"Category" inManagedObjectStore:manager.managedObjectStore];
//    
//    [categoryMapping addAttributeMappingsFromDictionary:@{ @"id": @"categoryID", @"name": @"name" }];
//    RKEntityMapping *articleMapping = [RKEntityMapping mappingForEntityForName:@"Article" inManagedObjectStore:manager.managedObjectStore];
//    [articleMapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];
//    [articleMapping addPropertyMapping:[RKRelationshipMapping relationshipMappingFromKeyPath:@"categories" toKeyPath:@"categories" withMapping:categoryMapping]];
//    
//    NSIndexSet *coreDataStatusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任何 2xx的状态码
//    RKResponseDescriptor *responseDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:articleMapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:coreDataStatusCodes];
//    
//    [manager addResponseDescriptor: responseDescriptor];

    [manager.router.routeSet addRoute:[RKRoute routeWithRelationshipName:@"categories" objectClass:[Article class] pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID\\.json" method:RKRequestMethodGET]];

    [manager getObjectsAtPathForRelationship:@"categories" ofObject:article parameters:nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {

        // 处理请求成功获取的文章.
        NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", [mappingResult firstObject]);

    } failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {

        // 处理错误信息.
        NSLog(@"%@", error.localizedDescription);
    }];

    /* 被命名的路由,可以根据路由名字发起相关请求. */
    [manager.router.routeSet addRoute:[RKRoute routeWithName:@"article_review" pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID\\.json" method:RKRequestMethodGET]];

    [manager getObjectsAtPathForRouteNamed: @"article_review" object:article parameters: nil success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
        // 处理请求成功获取的文章.
        NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", [mappingResult firstObject]);
    } failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        // 处理错误信息.
        NSLog(@"%@", error.localizedDescription);
    }];

POST 新建一个含有文件附件的对象.

  RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];
    [RKObjectManager setSharedManager: manager];

    /* 响应描述,总是必须的. */
    RKObjectMapping *mapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];

    [mapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];

    NSIndexSet *statusCodes = RKStatusCodeIndexSetForClass(RKStatusCodeClassSuccessful); // 任意 2xx 状态码.

    RKResponseDescriptor *articleDescriptor = [RKResponseDescriptor responseDescriptorWithMapping:mapping method:RKRequestMethodAny pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID" keyPath:@"article" statusCodes:statusCodes]; // articleID 应为 Article 类的一个属性.
    [manager addResponseDescriptor: articleDescriptor];

    /* 类的路由.配置后,操作某个类时,会自动向这个类对应的地址发送请求. */
    [manager.router.routeSet addRoute:[RKRoute routeWithClass:[Article class] pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID\\.json" method:RKRequestMethodPOST]];

    Article *article = [[Article alloc]init];
    article.articleID = @"666";

    UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"test.jpg"]; // 工程中要确实存在一张名为 test.jpg 的照片.

    // 序列化对象属性,以添加附件.
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[RKObjectManager sharedManager] multipartFormRequestWithObject:article method:RKRequestMethodPOST path:nil parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        [formData appendPartWithFileData:UIImagePNGRepresentation(image)
                                    name:@"myImg" // 这个字段要和服务器取文件的字段一致.
                                fileName:@"photo.jpg"
                                mimeType:@"image/jpeg"];
    }];

    RKObjectRequestOperation *operation = [[RKObjectManager sharedManager] objectRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, RKMappingResult *mappingResult) {
        /* 服务器端接口目前自定义的逻辑是: 成功后,会返回图片上传后的服务器地址. */
        NSLog(@"Mapped the article: %@", [mappingResult firstObject]);
    } failure:^(RKObjectRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", error.localizedDescription);
    }];

    [[RKObjectManager sharedManager] enqueueObjectRequestOperation:operation]; // 注意:要用enqueued,不要使用 started方法.

以队列方式批量处理对像请求.


    RKObjectManager *manager = [RKObjectManager managerWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://dev-test.ios122.com"]];

    Article * articleA = [[Article alloc] init];
    articleA.articleID = @"888";

    Article * articleB = [[Article alloc] init];
    articleB.articleID = @"1234";

    Article * articleC = [[Article alloc] init];
    articleC.articleID = @"555";

    /* 以队列方式,发送多个请求. */

    [manager.router.routeSet addRoute:[RKRoute routeWithClass:[Article class] pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID\\.json" method:RKRequestMethodGET]];

    RKRoute * route = [RKRoute routeWithClass:[Article class] pathPattern:@"/vitural/articles/:articleID\\.json" method:RKRequestMethodPOST];

    [manager enqueueBatchOfObjectRequestOperationsWithRoute:route
                                                    objects:@[articleA, articleB, articleC]
                                                   progress:^(NSUInteger numberOfFinishedOperations, NSUInteger totalNumberOfOperations) {
                                                       NSLog(@"完成了 %lu 个操作", (unsigned long)numberOfFinishedOperations);
                                                   } completion:^ (NSArray *operations) {
                                                       NSLog(@"所有的文章都已获取!");
                                                   }];

制作一个种子数据库.

可以将一个JSON文件转化为一个数据库,用于初始化应用.

NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
    RKManagedObjectStore *managedObjectStore = [[RKManagedObjectStore alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:managedObjectModel];
    NSError *error = nil;
    BOOL success = RKEnsureDirectoryExistsAtPath(RKApplicationDataDirectory(), &error);
    if (! success) {
        RKLogError(@"Failed to create Application Data Directory at path '%@': %@", RKApplicationDataDirectory(), error);
    }

    NSString *path = [RKApplicationDataDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"RestKit.sqlite"]; // 此处要和自己的CoreData数据库的名字一致.

    NSPersistentStore *persistentStore = [managedObjectStore addSQLitePersistentStoreAtPath:path fromSeedDatabaseAtPath:nil withConfiguration:nil options:nil error:&error];
    if (! persistentStore) {
        RKLogError(@"Failed adding persistent store at path '%@': %@", path, error);
    }
    [managedObjectStore createManagedObjectContexts];

    RKEntityMapping *articleMapping = [RKEntityMapping mappingForEntityForName:@"Article" inManagedObjectStore:managedObjectStore];
    [articleMapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];

    NSString *seedPath = [RKApplicationDataDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"MySeedDatabase.sqlite"]; // 这个数据库文件不必存在,用来充当应用的初始数据库.
    RKManagedObjectImporter *importer = [[RKManagedObjectImporter alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:managedObjectStore.managedObjectModel storePath:seedPath];

    //  使用 RKEntityMapping 从工程文件 "articles.json" 导入数据.
    // JSON 类似于: {"articles": [ {"title": "Article 1", "body": "Text", "author": "Blake" ]}

    error = nil;

    NSBundle *mainBundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
    [importer importObjectsFromItemAtPath:[mainBundle pathForResource:@"articles" ofType:@"json"] // 工程中要有这个文件.
                              withMapping:articleMapping
                                  keyPath:@"articles"
                                    error:&error];

    success = [importer finishImporting:&error];

    if (success) {
        [importer logSeedingInfo];
    }

给实体添加索引并检索

// 要额外添加头文件: #import <RestKit/Search.h>

NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
RKManagedObjectStore *managedObjectStore = [[RKManagedObjectStore alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:managedObjectModel];
NSError *error = nil;
BOOL success = RKEnsureDirectoryExistsAtPath(RKApplicationDataDirectory(), &error);
if (! success) {
    RKLogError(@"Failed to create Application Data Directory at path '%@': %@", RKApplicationDataDirectory(), error);
}
NSString *path = [RKApplicationDataDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Store.sqlite"];
NSPersistentStore *persistentStore = [managedObjectStore addSQLitePersistentStoreAtPath:path fromSeedDatabaseAtPath:nil withConfiguration:nil options:nil error:&error];
if (! persistentStore) {
    RKLogError(@"Failed adding persistent store at path '%@': %@", path, error);
}
[managedObjectStore createManagedObjectContexts];
[managedObjectStore addSearchIndexingToEntityForName:@"Article" onAttributes:@[ @"title", @"body" ]];
[managedObjectStore addInMemoryPersistentStore:nil];
[managedObjectStore createManagedObjectContexts];
[managedObjectStore startIndexingPersistentStoreManagedObjectContext];

Article *article1 = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Article" inManagedObjectContext:managedObjectStore.mainQueueManagedObjectContext];
article1.title = @"First Article";
article1.body = "This should match search";

Article *article2 = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Article" inManagedObjectContext:managedObjectStore.mainQueueManagedObjectContext];
article2.title = @"Second Article";
article2.body = "Does not";

BOOL success = [managedObjectStore.mainQueueManagedObjectContext saveToPersistentStore:nil];

RKSearchPredicate *predicate = [RKSearchPredicate searchPredicateWithText:@"Match" type:NSAndPredicateType];
NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Article"];
fetchRequest.predicate = predicate;

// Contains article1 due to body text containing 'match'
NSArray *matches = [managedObjectStore.mainQueueManagedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];
NSLog(@"Found the matching articles: %@", matches);

对映射进行单元测试

// JSON looks like {"article": {"title": "My Article", "author": "Blake", "body": "Very cool!!"}}
RKObjectMapping *mapping = [RKObjectMapping mappingForClass:[Article class]];
[mapping addAttributeMappingsFromArray:@[@"title", @"author", @"body"]];

NSDictionary *article = @{ @"article": @{ @"title": @"My Title", @"body": @"The article body", @"author": @"Blake" } };
RKMappingTest *mappingTest = [[RKMappingTest alloc] initWithMapping:mapping sourceObject:article destinationObject:nil];

[mappingTest expectMappingFromKeyPath:@"title" toKeyPath:@"title" value:@"My Title"];
[mappingTest performMapping];
[mappingTest verify];

iOS122

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RestKit ,一个用于更好支持RESTful风格服务器接口的iOS库

简介RestKit 是一个用于更好支持RESTful风格服务器接口的iOS库,可直接将联网获取的json/xml数据转换为iOS对象.项目主页: RestKit最新示例: 点击下载注意: 如果无法直接运行示例根目录的工程,可尝试分别运行 Examples 文件夹下的各个子工程,此时你需要给每个子工程都通过 CocoaPods 安装一次 RestKit.快速入门使用环境ARCiOS 5.1
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