Linux tree命令 简单实现

tree命令，将目录文件以树的形式呈现

系统的tree命令效果：

模拟实现tree命令：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<dirent.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<unistd.h>

void print_tree(const char* dirname, int indent)
{
    DIR *pdir = opendir(dirname);
    struct dirent *pd;
    struct stat sbuf;
    chdir(dirname);

    while((pd = readdir(pdir)) != NULL)
    {
        lstat(pd->d_name, &sbuf);

        if(strcmp(pd->d_name, ".") == 0 || 
                strcmp(pd->d_name, "..") == 0)
        {
            continue;
        }
        int depth = indent;
        while(depth--)
            printf("| _");
        printf("%s\n", pd->d_name);   
        depth = indent;
        if(S_ISDIR(sbuf.st_mode))
        {
            print_tree(pd->d_name, depth+2);
            printf("|\n");
        }

    }
    chdir("..");
    closedir(pdir);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    if(argc != 2)
    {
        printf("usage: ./tree dir\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("%s\n", argv[1]);
    printf("|\n");
    print_tree(argv[1], 1);
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

效果：

用到的知识：

DIR结构体

struct __dirstream
{
    void *__fd; /* `struct hurd_fd' pointer for descriptor.   */
    char *__data; /* Directory block.   */
    int __entry_data; /* Entry number `__data' corresponds to.   */
    char *__ptr; /* Current pointer into the block.   */
    int __entry_ptr; /* Entry number `__ptr' corresponds to.   */
    size_t __allocation; /* Space allocated for the block.   */
    size_t __size; /* Total valid data in the block.   */
    __libc_lock_define (, __lock) /* Mutex lock for this structure.   */
};
    typedef struct __dirstream DIR;

opendir函数 DIR *opendir(const char *name);//打开文件目录   
readdir函数 struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp);//读取文件目录    
closedir函数 int closedir(DIR *dirp);//关闭文件目录

stat结构体
struct stat {
               dev_t     st_dev;     /* ID of device containing file */
               ino_t     st_ino;     /* inode number */
               mode_t    st_mode;    /* protection */
               nlink_t   st_nlink;   /* number of hard links */
               uid_t     st_uid;     /* user ID of owner */
               gid_t     st_gid;     /* group ID of owner */
               dev_t     st_rdev;    /* device ID (if special file) */
               off_t     st_size;    /* total size, in bytes */
               blksize_t st_blksize; /* blocksize for file system I/O */
               blkcnt_t  st_blocks;  /* number of 512B blocks allocated */
               time_t    st_atime;   /* time of last access */
               time_t    st_mtime;   /* time of last modification */
               time_t    st_ctime;   /* time of last status change */
           };

dirent结构体
struct dirent 
{
       ino_t          d_ino;       /* inode number */
       off_t          d_off;       /* offset to the next dirent */
       unsigned short d_reclen;    /* length of this record */
       unsigned char  d_type;      /* type of file; not supported
                                      by all file system types */
       char           d_name[256]; /* filename */
};