关于在C#中非顶端窗口截图

用Windows热键截图然后保存的我就不说了,地球人都知道.

这里我想说一下 如何截取非前端窗体的截图

首先说一下PrintWindow这个API的使用

 

public static Bitmap GetWindowCapture(IntPtr hWnd) { IntPtr hscrdc = GetWindowDC(hWnd); RECT windowRect = new RECT(); GetWindowRect(hWnd, ref windowRect); int width = windowRect.right - windowRect.left; int height = windowRect.bottom - windowRect.top; IntPtr hbitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hscrdc, width, height); IntPtr hmemdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hscrdc); SelectObject(hmemdc, hbitmap); PrintWindow(hWnd, hmemdc, 0); Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.FromHbitmap(hbitmap); DeleteDC(hscrdc);//删除用过的对象 DeleteDC(hmemdc);//删除用过的对象 return bmp; } [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref RECT rect); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateDC( string lpszDriver, // driver name驱动名 string lpszDevice, // device name设备名 string lpszOutput, // not used; should be NULL IntPtr lpInitData // optional printer data ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern int BitBlt( IntPtr hdcDest, // handle to destination DC目标设备的句柄 int nXDest, // x-coord of destination upper-left corner目标对象的左上角的X坐标 int nYDest, // y-coord of destination upper-left corner目标对象的左上角的Y坐标 int nWidth, // width of destination rectangle目标对象的矩形宽度 int nHeight, // height of destination rectangle目标对象的矩形长度 IntPtr hdcSrc, // handle to source DC源设备的句柄 int nXSrc, // x-coordinate of source upper-left corner源对象的左上角的X坐标 int nYSrc, // y-coordinate of source upper-left corner源对象的左上角的Y坐标 UInt32 dwRop // raster operation code光栅的操作值 ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC( IntPtr hdc // handle to DC ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap( IntPtr hdc, // handle to DC int nWidth, // width of bitmap, in pixels int nHeight // height of bitmap, in pixels ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr SelectObject( IntPtr hdc, // handle to DC IntPtr hgdiobj // handle to object ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern int DeleteDC( IntPtr hdc // handle to DC ); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool PrintWindow( IntPtr hwnd, // Window to copy,Handle to the window that will be copied. IntPtr hdcBlt, // HDC to print into,Handle to the device context. UInt32 nFlags // Optional flags,Specifies the drawing options. It can be one of the following values. ); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC( IntPtr hwnd );

 

很遗憾,上面的确可以截取非前端窗体的截图,但是非GDI的程序是无法截图的比如DirectX

 

下面说一下BitBlt这个API的使用

 

/// <summary> /// 提供全屏和指定窗口的截图 以及保存为文件的类 /// </summary> public class ScreenCapture { /// <summary> /// 全屏截图 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public Image CaptureScreen() { return CaptureWindow(User32.GetDesktopWindow()); } /// <summary> /// 指定窗口截图 /// </summary> /// <param name="handle">窗口句柄. (在windows应用程序中, 从Handle属性获得)</param> /// <returns></returns> public Image CaptureWindow(IntPtr handle) { IntPtr hdcSrc = User32.GetWindowDC(handle); User32.RECT windowRect = new User32.RECT(); User32.GetWindowRect(handle, ref windowRect); int width = windowRect.right - windowRect.left; int height = windowRect.bottom - windowRect.top; IntPtr hdcDest = GDI32.CreateCompatibleDC(hdcSrc); IntPtr hBitmap = GDI32.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcSrc, width, height); IntPtr hOld = GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest, hBitmap); GDI32.BitBlt(hdcDest, 0, 0, width, height, hdcSrc, 0, 0, GDI32.SRCCOPY); GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest, hOld); GDI32.DeleteDC(hdcDest); User32.ReleaseDC(handle, hdcSrc); Image img = Image.FromHbitmap(hBitmap); GDI32.DeleteObject(hBitmap); return img; } /// <summary> /// 指定窗口截图 保存为图片文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="handle"></param> /// <param name="filename"></param> /// <param name="format"></param> public void CaptureWindowToFile(IntPtr handle, string filename, ImageFormat format) { Image img = CaptureWindow(handle); img.Save(filename, format); } /// <summary> /// 全屏截图 保存为文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="filename"></param> /// <param name="format"></param> public void CaptureScreenToFile(string filename, ImageFormat format) { Image img = CaptureScreen(); img.Save(filename, format); } /// <summary> /// 辅助类 定义 Gdi32 API 函数 /// </summary> private class GDI32 { public const int SRCCOPY = 0x00CC0020; [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern bool BitBlt(IntPtr hObject, int nXDest, int nYDest, int nWidth, int nHeight, IntPtr hObjectSource, int nXSrc, int nYSrc, int dwRop); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap(IntPtr hDC, int nWidth, int nHeight); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hDC); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern bool DeleteDC(IntPtr hDC); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hDC, IntPtr hObject); } /// <summary> /// 辅助类 定义User32 API函数 /// </summary> private class User32 { [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct RECT { public int left; public int top; public int right; public int bottom; } [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetDesktopWindow(); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr ReleaseDC(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hDC); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref RECT rect); } }

 

上面的类 使用了BitBlt这个API 可以截取GDI或者非GDI图形 只不过,非前端窗体图形不能截获...

 

 

下面说一下不使用API 最简单的全屏截图方案

 

public static Bitmap CopyPrimaryScreen() { Screen s = Screen.PrimaryScreen; Rectangle r = s.Bounds; int w = r.Width; int h = r.Height; Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(w, h); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp); g.CopyFromScreen ( new Point(0, 0), new Point(0, 0), new Size(w, h) ); return bmp; }

 

最后,试试下面这个办法:

 

只要窗体的visable为true，即使它在屏幕的外面也可以抓到图。如果为false，就是一张黑图了，赫赫。 public static Bitmap GetWindow(IntPtr hWnd) { IntPtr hscrdc = GetWindowDC(hWnd); Control control = Control.FromHandle(hWnd); IntPtr hbitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hscrdc, control.Width, control.Height); IntPtr hmemdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hscrdc); SelectObject(hmemdc, hbitmap); PrintWindow(hWnd, hmemdc, 0); Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.FromHbitmap(hbitmap); DeleteDC(hscrdc);//删除用过的对象 DeleteDC(hmemdc);//删除用过的对象 return bmp; } API声明 [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateDC( string lpszDriver, // driver name驱动名 string lpszDevice, // device name设备名 string lpszOutput, // not used; should be NULL IntPtr lpInitData // optional printer data ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern int BitBlt( IntPtr hdcDest, // handle to destination DC目标设备的句柄 int nXDest, // x-coord of destination upper-left corner目标对象的左上角的X坐标 int nYDest, // y-coord of destination upper-left corner目标对象的左上角的Y坐标 int nWidth, // width of destination rectangle目标对象的矩形宽度 int nHeight, // height of destination rectangle目标对象的矩形长度 IntPtr hdcSrc, // handle to source DC源设备的句柄 int nXSrc, // x-coordinate of source upper-left corner源对象的左上角的X坐标 int nYSrc, // y-coordinate of source upper-left corner源对象的左上角的Y坐标 UInt32 dwRop // raster operation code光栅的操作值 ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC( IntPtr hdc // handle to DC ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap( IntPtr hdc, // handle to DC int nWidth, // width of bitmap, in pixels int nHeight // height of bitmap, in pixels ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr SelectObject( IntPtr hdc, // handle to DC IntPtr hgdiobj // handle to object ); [DllImport("gdi32.dll")] public static extern int DeleteDC( IntPtr hdc // handle to DC ); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool PrintWindow( IntPtr hwnd, // Window to copy,Handle to the window that will be copied. IntPtr hdcBlt, // HDC to print into,Handle to the device context. UInt32 nFlags // Optional flags,Specifies the drawing options. It can be one of the following values. ); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC( IntPtr hwnd );