Android中绘制虚线

概述

今天给大家介绍两种实现虚线的方式

方式一：利用shape绘制

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="line">
    <stroke
        android:width="3px"
        android:color="#FF0000"
        android:dashWidth="10px"
        android:dashGap="10px" />
</shape>

下面对属性进行一下介绍：

width:线段的高度
color:线段的颜色
dashWidth:线段宽度
dashGap:线段之间间隔宽度

然后在布局文件中使用如下：

 <View
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@drawable/dash_view"
        android:layerType="software"/>

在4.0的设备上，虚线会变成实线，我们需要加入 android:layerType=”software”属性

方式二：自定义View绘制虚线

这种方式更加灵活，可以实现水平和竖直方向的虚线，当然实现的难度也要高于第一种方式

先看效果图

水平虚线

竖直虚线

最后给出代码的实现

public class DashView extends View {
    private static final String TAG = "DashView";
    public static final int DEFAULT_DASH_WIDTH = 100;
    public static final int DEFAULT_LINE_WIDTH = 100;
    public static final int DEFAULT_LINE_HEIGHT = 10;
    public static final int DEFAULT_LINE_COLOR = 0x9E9E9E;

    /**虚线的方向*/
    public static final int ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL = 0;
    public static final int ORIENTATION_VERTICAL = 1;
    /**默认为水平方向*/
    public static final int DEFAULT_DASH_ORIENTATION = ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL;
    /**间距宽度*/
    private float dashWidth;
    /**线段高度*/
    private float lineHeight;
    /**线段宽度*/
    private float lineWidth;
    /**线段颜色*/
    private int lineColor;
    private int dashOrientation;

    private Paint mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
    private int widthSize;
    private int heightSize;

    public DashView(Context context) {
        this(context,null);
    }

    public DashView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.DashView);
        dashWidth = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.DashView_dashWidth,DEFAULT_DASH_WIDTH);
        lineHeight = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.DashView_lineHeight, DEFAULT_LINE_HEIGHT);
        lineWidth = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.DashView_lineWidth, DEFAULT_LINE_WIDTH);
        lineColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.DashView_lineColor, DEFAULT_LINE_COLOR);
        dashOrientation = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.DashView_dashOrientation,DEFAULT_DASH_ORIENTATION);
        mPaint.setColor(lineColor);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(lineHeight);
        typedArray.recycle();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec)-getPaddingLeft()-getPaddingRight();
        heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom());
        Log.d(TAG, "onMeasure: "+widthSize+"----"+heightSize);
        Log.d(TAG, "dashOrientation: "+dashOrientation);
        if(dashOrientation == ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL){
            //不管在布局文件中虚线高度设置为多少，虚线的高度统一设置为实体线段的高度
            setMeasuredDimension(widthSize, (int) lineHeight);
        }else{
            setMeasuredDimension((int) lineHeight, heightSize);
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        switch (dashOrientation){
            case ORIENTATION_VERTICAL:
                drawVerticalLine(canvas);
                break;
            default:
                drawHorizontalLine(canvas);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 画水平方向虚线
     * @param canvas
     */
    public void drawHorizontalLine(Canvas canvas){
        float totalWidth = 0;
        canvas.save();
        float[] pts = {0,0,lineWidth,0};
        //在画线之前需要先把画布向下平移办个线段高度的位置，目的就是为了防止线段只画出一半的高度
        //因为画线段的起点位置在线段左下角
        canvas.translate(0,lineHeight/2);
        while(totalWidth<=widthSize){
            canvas.drawLines(pts,mPaint);
            canvas.translate(lineWidth + dashWidth,0);
            totalWidth += lineWidth + dashWidth;
        }
        canvas.restore();
    }

    /**
     * 画竖直方向虚线
     * @param canvas
     */
    public void drawVerticalLine(Canvas canvas){
        float totalWidth = 0;
        canvas.save();
        float[] pts = {0,0,0,lineWidth};
        //在画线之前需要先把画布向右平移半个线段高度的位置，目的就是为了防止线段只画出一半的高度
        //因为画线段的起点位置在线段左下角
        canvas.translate(lineHeight/2,0);
        while(totalWidth<=heightSize){
            canvas.drawLines(pts,mPaint);
            canvas.translate(0,lineWidth + dashWidth);
            totalWidth += lineWidth + dashWidth;
        }
        canvas.restore();
    }
}

关于这种通过自定义View实现虚线的具体代码，大家可以链接至我的Github
自定义View实现绘制虚线