第一个Spring restful 项目-从开发到部署

环境

开发环境

• Windows7旗舰版
• eclipse 版本
  Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers.
  Version: Luna Service Release 2 (4.4.2)

部署环境

• tomcat 版本
  tomcat 7.0.65
• Linux 环境
  Centos7 64 位
• Java版本
  java version “1.7.0_79”

开发

目标：用spring 支持 restful

项目目录

• springREST
  
  • src
    
    • demo
      
      • Demo.java
  • WebRoot
    
    • WEB-INF
      
      • web.xml
      • rest-servlet.xml

项目文件

• web.xml 配置spring支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name>SpringREST</display-name>   
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/rest-servlet.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

• rest-servlet.xml 配置rest支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">
    <context:component-scan base-package="demo" />
</beans>

• java代码 Demo.java

package com.liqiu.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class Demo{
    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}")
    public void get(@PathVariable String id,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        response.getWriter().write(id);
    }
}

项目部署

• 导出war文件
  

• tomcat 安装

  • 下载tomcat core linux 版
  • 上传并解压
    tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.65.tar.gz
    mv apache-tomcat-7.0.65 /opt/tomcat

  • 配置tomcat

    • 在 TOMCAT_HOME/bin/catalina.sh 中加入java环境变量
      

      export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
      export     CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
      export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin

    

    • 配置tomcat 用户
      修改 TOMCAT_HOME/conf/tomcat-users.xml

      <tomcat-users>
          <role rolename="admin"/>
          <role rolename="manager-script"/>
          <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
          <role rolename="manager-jmx"/>
          <role rolename="manager-status"/>
          <role rolename="admin-gui"/>
          <role rolename="admin-script"/>
      
          <user username="admin" password="admin" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,manager-jmx,manager-status,admin-gui,admin-script"/>
      </tomcat-users>

    • 配置tomcat环境变量 修改 /etc/profile

      export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
      export PATH=$PATH:$TOMCAT_HOME/bin

• 启动tomcat
  startup.sh
• 关闭tomcat
  shutdown.sh
• 登陆tomcat进行部署
  
  • 访问 http://you_server:8080/
  • 点击Manage APP 用刚才配置的用户名（admin）密码（admin）登陆
  • 上传war文件 点击部署，即可完成部署

验证效果

访问 http://you_server:8080/SpringREST/rest/hello world
效果：
hello world

注意事项

• 开发环境和部署环境java版本应一致
• 如果tomcat能正常开启但是无法访问，通常是因为防火墙原因
  关闭防火前：systemctl stop firewalld.service
  检查是否关闭：systemctl status firewalld.service
• 如果tomcat启动报各种奇怪的错误，可能是因为web项目开发缺少相应的jar包，或者tomcat和spring某些版本jar包有冲突，可尝试更换jar包。