typedef struct _iphdr //定义IP报头 { #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD) unsigned char h_len : 4; //4位首部长度 unsigned char ver : 4; //4位IP版本号 #elif defined (__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD) unsigned char ver : 4; //4位IP版本号 unsigned char h_len : 4; //4位首部长度 #endif unsigned char tos; unsigned short total_len; unsigned short ident; unsigned short frag_and_flags; unsigned char ttl; unsigned char proto; unsigned short checksum; unsigned int sourceIP; unsigned int destIP; } IP_HEADER;
TCP报头结构为:
源端口(16)
目的端口(16)
序列号(32)
确认号(32)
TCP偏移量(4)
保留(6)
标志(6)
窗口(16)
校验和(16)
紧急(16)
选项(0或32)
数据(可变)
对应数据结构:
typedef struct psd_hdr //定义TCP伪报头 { unsigned long saddr; //源地址 unsigned long daddr; //目的地址 char mbz; char ptcl; //协议类型 unsigned short tcpl; //TCP长度 }PSD_HEADER; typedef struct _tcphdr //定义TCP报头 { unsigned short th_sport; //16位源端口 unsigned short th_dport; //16位目的端口 unsigned int th_seq; //32位序列号 unsigned int th_ack; //32位确认号 unsigned char th_lenres; //4位首部长度/4位保留字 unsigned char th_flag; //6位标志位 unsigned short th_win; //16位窗口大小 unsigned short th_sum; //16位校验和 unsigned short th_urp; //16位紧急数据偏移量 } TCP_HEADER;
同样地,TCP头的定义也可以将位域拆分:
typedef struct _tcphdr { unsigned short th_sport; unsigned short th_dport; unsigned int th_seq; unsigned int th_ack; /*little-endian*/ unsigned short tcp_res1: 4, tcp_hlen: 4, tcp_fin: 1, tcp_syn: 1, tcp_rst: 1, tcp_psh: 1, tcp_ack: 1, tcp_urg: 1, tcp_res2: 2; unsigned short th_win; unsigned short th_sum; unsigned short th_urp; } TCP_HEADER;
UDP报头为:
源端口(16)
目的端口(16)
报文长(16)
校验和(16)
对应的数据结构为:
typedef struct _udphdr //定义UDP报头 { unsigned short uh_sport;//16位源端口 unsigned short uh_dport;//16位目的端口 unsigned short uh_len;//16位长度 unsigned short uh_sum;//16位校验和 } UDP_HEADER;
ICMP协议是网络层中一个非常重要的协议,其全称为Internet Control Message Protocol(因特网控制报文协议),ICMP协议弥补了IP的缺限,它使用IP协议进行信息传递,向数据包中的源端节点提供发生在网络层的错误信息反馈。ICMP报头为:
类型(8)
代码(8)
校验和(16)
消息内容
常用的回送与或回送响应ICMP消息对应数据结构为:
typedef struct _icmphdr //定义ICMP报头(回送与或回送响应) { unsigned char i_type;//8位类型 unsigned char i_code; //8位代码 unsigned short i_cksum; //16位校验和 unsigned short i_id; //识别号(一般用进程号作为识别号) unsigned short i_seq; //报文序列号 unsigned int timestamp;//时间戳 } ICMP_HEADER;