HeapSort的C#实现

把算法导论第六章的堆排序用C#实现了一下。 把MaxHeapify用迭代实现了。发现几个问题：
第一呢，算法导论中假设内部数组是从1开始的，结果左右结点的算法和从0开始的数组实际上是不同的。
第二呢，在改迭代的时候，粗心把循环变量写错了。结果调了很久，郁闷死。

并且加入优先级队列的功能，包括Maximum, ExtractMax, IncreaseKey,  Insert, Delete子过程
下面是实现的代码：

namespace  FengChen.Practices
... {
    public class Chapter6
    ...{
        public class MaxHeap
        ...{
            private Int32[] m_Array;
            private Int32 m_Size;

            heap tree node navigation#region heap tree node navigation
            internal static Int32 PARENT(Int32 i) ...{ return (i - 1) / 2; }
            internal static Int32 LEFT(Int32 i) ...{ return 2 * i + 1; }
            internal static Int32 RIGHT(Int32 i) ...{ return (2 * i + 2); }
            #endregion

            public Int32 Size ...{ get ...{ return m_Size; } }

            public MaxHeap(Int32 size)
            ...{
                m_Array = new Int32[size];
                m_Size = Size;

                BuildMaxHeap();
            }

            public MaxHeap(Int32[] inputArray)
            ...{
                if (inputArray == null)
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("inputArray", "The input Array cannot be null!");
                m_Array = inputArray;
                m_Size = inputArray.Length;

                BuildMaxHeap();
            }

            public String Show()
            ...{
                // List the current heap elements
                return Common.ListTheArray(m_Array);
            }

            6.2 Maintaining the heap property#region 6.2 Maintaining the heap property
            private void MaxHeapify(Int32 root)
            ...{
                if (root < 0 || root >= m_Array.Length)
                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("root", root, "input root node out of range");

                Int32 heapSize = m_Size;
                Int32 left, right, largest;

                do
                ...{
                    largest = root;
                    left = LEFT(root);
                    right = RIGHT(root);

                    if (left < heapSize && m_Array[left] > m_Array[root])
                        largest = left;

                    if (right < heapSize && m_Array[right] > m_Array[largest])
                        largest = right;

                    if (largest != root)
                    ...{
                        Common.Exchange(ref m_Array[root], ref m_Array[largest]);
                        root = largest;
                        continue;
                    }
                    else
                        break;
                } while (root < m_Size);
            }
            #endregion

            6.3 Building a max heap#region 6.3 Building a max heap
            private void BuildMaxHeap()
            ...{
                for (Int32 i = m_Size / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) MaxHeapify(i);
            }
            #endregion

            Veriry a max heap#region Veriry a max heap
            public bool IsMaxHeap(Int32 root)
            ...{
                for (Int32 i = root; i < m_Size; i++)
                ...{
                    if (LEFT(i) < m_Size && m_Array[LEFT(i)] > m_Array[i]) return false;
                    if (RIGHT(i) < m_Size && m_Array[RIGHT(i)] > m_Array[i]) return false;
                }

                return true;
            }
            #endregion

            6.4 The heapsort algorithm(Sort to non-increasing order)#region 6.4 The heapsort algorithm(Sort to non-increasing order)
            /**//// <summary>
            /// The heapsort algorithm(Sort to non-increasing order)
            /// </summary>
            public void Sort()
            ...{
                BuildMaxHeap();
                for (Int32 i = m_Array.Length - 1; i > 0; i--)
                ...{
                    Common.Exchange(ref m_Array[0], ref m_Array[i]);
                    m_Size--;
                    MaxHeapify(0);
                }

                m_Size = m_Array.Length;
            }
            #endregion

            6.5 Priority queues#region 6.5 Priority queues
            public Int32 Maximum()
            ...{ 
                return m_Array[0];
            }

            public Int32 ExtractMax()
            ...{
                if (m_Size < 1) throw new ApplicationException("heap underflow!");

                Int32 max = m_Array[0];
                m_Array[0] = m_Array[(m_Size--) - 1];
                MaxHeapify(0);

                return max;
            }

            public void IncreaseKey(Int32 Index, Int32 Key)
            ...{
                if(m_Array[Index] > Key) throw new ArgumentException("new key is smaller than current key","Key, Index");

                m_Array[Index] = Key;
                while(Index > 0 && m_Array[PARENT (Index)] < m_Array[Index])
                ...{
                    Common.Exchange (ref m_Array[Index], ref m_Array[PARENT (Index)]);
                    Index = PARENT (Index);
                }
            }

            /**//// <summary>
            /// Inserts the element Key into the heap
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="Key"></param>
            public void Insert(Int32 Key)
            ...{
                if( m_Size++ > m_Array.Length)
                ...{
                    Int32[] newLocationArray = new Int32[m_Array.Length * 2];
                    m_Array.CopyTo(newLocationArray, 0);
                    m_Array = newLocationArray;
                }

                m_Array[m_Size - 1] = Int32.MinValue;
                IncreaseKey(m_Size - 1, Key);
            }

            // The operation HEAP-DELETE(A, i) deletes the item in node i from heap A. 
            public void Delete(Int32 Index)
            ...{
                if (Index < 0 || Index >= m_Size)
                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Index", Index, "Input wrong index!");

                Common.Exchange(ref m_Array[Index], ref m_Array[m_Size - 1]);
                m_Size--;

                if (Index >= m_Size) return;

                Int32 Key = m_Array[Index];
                if (Key > m_Array[PARENT(Index)])
                    while (Index > 0 && Key > m_Array[PARENT(Index)])
                    ...{
                        Common.Exchange(ref m_Array[Index], ref m_Array[PARENT(Index)]);
                        Index = PARENT(Index);
                    }
                else
                    MaxHeapify(Index);
            }
            #endregion
        }
    }
}