copy/copy_backward

copy:将源区间中的所有元素复制到dest为起点中去.

template<class _InIt,

         class _OutIt> inline

         _OutIt copy(_InIt _First, _InIt _Last,

                   _OutIt _Dest)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) to [_Dest, ...)

         _DEBUG_RANGE(_First, _Last);

         _DEBUG_POINTER(_Dest);

         return (_Copy_impl(_Unchecked(_First), _Unchecked(_Last),

                   _Dest, _Is_checked(_Dest)));

         }

template<class _InIt,

         class _OutIt> inline

         _OutIt _Copy_impl(_InIt _First, _InIt _Last,

                   _OutIt _Dest, _STD tr1::true_type)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) to [_Dest, ...), checked dest

         return (_Copy_impl(_First, _Last,

                   _Dest, _Iter_cat(_First), _Iter_cat(_Dest)));

         }

 

template<class _InIt,

         class _OutIt> inline

         _OutIt _Copy_impl(_InIt _First, _InIt _Last,

                   _OutIt _Dest, input_iterator_tag, output_iterator_tag)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) to [_Dest, ...), arbitrary iterators

         return (_Copy_impl(_First, _Last,

                   _Dest));

         }

template<class _InIt,

         class _OutIt> inline

         _OutIt _Copy_impl(_InIt _First, _InIt _Last,

                   _OutIt _Dest)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) to [_Dest, ...)

         return (_Copy_impl(_First, _Last,

                   _Dest, _Ptr_cat(_First, _Dest)));

         }

                   // TEMPLATE FUNCTION copy

template<class _InIt,

         class _OutIt> inline

         _OutIt _Copy_impl(_InIt _First, _InIt _Last,

                   _OutIt _Dest, _Nonscalar_ptr_iterator_tag)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) to [_Dest, ...), arbitrary iterators

         for (; _First != _Last; ++_Dest, ++_First)

                   *_Dest = *_First;

         return (_Dest);

         }

这个函数比较简单.但是如果将其和back_inserter连接起来就可以向空容器中复制元素了.关于back_inserter的源码我们可以参考之前的那篇文章:http://blog.csdn.net/yuanweihuayan/article/details/7526389

template<class _BidIt1,

         class _BidIt2> inline

         _BidIt2 copy_backward(_BidIt1 _First, _BidIt1 _Last,

                   _BidIt2 _Dest)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) backwards to [..., _Dest)

         _DEBUG_RANGE(_First, _Last);

         _DEBUG_POINTER(_Dest);

         return (_Copy_backward(_Unchecked(_First), _Unchecked(_Last),

                   _Dest, _Is_checked(_Dest)));

         }

template<class _BidIt1,

         class _BidIt2> inline

         _BidIt2 _Copy_backward(_BidIt1 _First, _BidIt1 _Last,

                   _BidIt2 _Dest, _STD tr1::true_type)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) backwards to [..., _Dest), checked dest

         return (_Copy_backward(_Unchecked(_First), _Unchecked(_Last),

                   _Dest));

         }

template<class _BidIt1,

         class _BidIt2> inline

         _BidIt2 _Copy_backward(_BidIt1 _First, _BidIt1 _Last,

                   _BidIt2 _Dest)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) backwards to [..., _Dest), unchecked

         return (_Copy_backward(_First, _Last,

                   _Dest, _Ptr_cat(_First, _Dest)));

         }

 

                   // TEMPLATE FUNCTION copy_backward

template<class _BidIt1,

         class _BidIt2> inline

         _BidIt2 _Copy_backward(_BidIt1 _First, _BidIt1 _Last,

                   _BidIt2 _Dest, _Nonscalar_ptr_iterator_tag)

         {       // copy [_First, _Last) backwards to [..., _Dest), arbitrary iterators

         while (_First != _Last)

                   *--_Dest = *--_Last;//注意此处是以递减的形式复制元素

         return (_Dest);

         }

举例:

1.       int main()

2.       {

3.       vector<int> vecInt;

4.       for ( int i = 0;i < 10;++ i)

5.       {

6.                  vecInt.push_back( i );

7.       }

8.        

9.       vector<int> lstInt;

10.    copy( vecInt.begin(),vecInt.end(),back_inserter( lstInt ) );

11.    copy( lstInt.begin(),lstInt.end(),ostream_iterator<int>( cout," " ) );

12.    cout<<"\ncopy backward:\n";

13.    copy_backward( vecInt.begin() + 3,vecInt.begin() + 6,lstInt.begin() + 7 );

14.    copy( lstInt.begin(),lstInt.end(),ostream_iterator<int>( cout," " ) );

15.    system( "pause" );

16.    return 0;

17.    }

18.     

输出:

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

         copy backward:

0 1 2 3 3 4 5 7 8 9

使用copy莫过于代码11所示那样.