wifi流程详细分析

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-22 14:57:33 发布

MM-Graphics

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-22 14:57:33 发布

阅读量7.4k

点赞数

分类专栏： Android开发文章标签： null network frameworks action 网络 android

Android开发专栏收录该内容

35 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

一．启动wifi服务

1.在 SystemServer 启动的时候,会生成一个 ConnectivityService 的实例

路径为：\frameworks\base\services\java\com\android\server\SystemServer.java

try {

             Slog.i(TAG, "Connectivity Service");

             connectivity = ConnectivityService.getInstance(context);

             ServiceManager.addService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE, connectivity);

            } catch (Throwable e) {

                Slog.e(TAG, "Failure starting Connectivity Service", e);

            }

2.ConnectivityService 类中private ConnectivityService(Context context) 构造函数创建

    WifiService和WifiStateTracker对象

\frameworks\base\services\java\com\android\server\ConnectivityService.java

Java代码

for (int netType : mPriorityList) {
switch (mNetAttributes[netType].mRadio) {
case ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI:
if (DBG) Slog.v(TAG, "Starting Wifi Service.");
WifiStateTracker wst = new WifiStateTracker(context, mHandler);
WifiService wifiService = new WifiService(context, wst);
ServiceManager.addService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE, wifiService);
wifiService.startWifi();
mNetTrackers[ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI] = wst;
wst.startMonitoring();
break;
}
}

for (int netType : mPriorityList) {

            switch (mNetAttributes[netType].mRadio) {

            case ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI:

                if (DBG) Slog.v(TAG, "Starting Wifi Service.");

                WifiStateTracker wst = new WifiStateTracker(context, mHandler);

                WifiService wifiService = new WifiService(context, wst);

                ServiceManager.addService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE, wifiService);

                wifiService.startWifi();

                mNetTrackers[ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI] = wst;

                wst.startMonitoring();

                break;

}

}

3.创建WifiStateTracker和WifiService对象用来启动wifi管理服务WifiStateTracker 会创建

    WifiMonitor 用来接收来自底层的事件,WifiService 和 WifiMonitor 是整个模块的核心。

4.WifiService 负责启动关闭 wpa_supplicant、启动关闭 WifiMonitor 监视线程和把命令下发

               给 wpa_supplicant

     5. WifiMonitor

               开始运行线程，会请求连接wpa_supplicant，通过调用WifiStateTracker函数connectToSupplicant然后通过wifi.c的wifi_connect_to_supplicant，接着向wpa_ctrl的wpa_ctrl_open。然后通过CreateFile函数向wpa_supplicant读取数据。连接成功后会发送EVENT_SUPPLICANT_CONNECTION消息启动获取DHCP地址线程阻塞调用（当连接上AP的时候，该线程会被执行起来获取IP地址），并记录自己的MAC地址（因为MAC地址不会改变

所以请求一次即可）接着开启一个死循环处理wpa_supplicant发送的事件。

当用户点击Wi-Fi按钮的时候WifiEnabler中的onPreferenceChange函数会被调用,再由该函数调用WifiManager的setWifiEnabled函数，它先引用AIDL经由IWifiManager通过Binder机制调用WifiService的 setWifiEnabled设置Wifi开启状态。同时WifiService会发送MESSAGE_ENABLE_WIFI消息，由WifiService的

setWifiEnabledBlocking函数响应该消息，负责Wifi可用的需要工作。首先他会加载驱动

loadDriver(),然后开启wpa_supplicant( 配置文件硬编码为
"/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf") 再注册广播消息，而后通过 WifiStateTracker 来启动 WifiMonitor 中的监视线程。以上工作使能成功后，会调用setWifiEnabledState最后广播WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION 这个Intent，至此Wifi能动开启。

接下来是扫描AP。

WifiSettings和WifiEnabler 创建的时候就会向 Android 注册接收
WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION,因此他们都会收到WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION 这个Intent，WifiEnabler负责使得图标加亮，WifiSettings负责使得开启扫描AP。经由

WifiService 的 startScan,再通过JNI由android_net_wifi_scanCommand函数向wpa_supplicant发送扫描命令.当 wpa_supplicant 处理完 SCAN 命令后,它会向控制通道发送事件通知扫描完成,从而wifi_wait_for_event 函数会接收到该事件,由此 WifiMonitor 中的 MonitorThread 会被执行来处理接扫描结果事件。此线程通过WifiStateTracker 广播 SCAN_RESULTS_AVAILABLE_ACTION这个Intent。而WifiSettings注册了接收此Intent，最终由其相应函数updateAccessPoints将AP列表，以GUI的形式列出来。

当用户选择一个AP时会弹出一个AP参数配置对话框，此对话框会显示当前选择的AP信号强度，若此AP设置了密码则需要用户输入密码才能登录。WifiSettings中的 onPreferenceTreeClick会被调用

Java代码

public boolean onPreferenceTreeClick(PreferenceScreen screen, Preference preference) {
//点击AP响应函数
if (preference instanceof AccessPoint) {
mSelected = (AccessPoint) preference;
showDialog(mSelected, false);
} else if (preference == mAddNetwork) {
mSelected = null;
showDialog(null, true);
} else if (preference == mNotifyOpenNetworks) {
Secure.putInt(getContentResolver(),
Secure.WIFI_NETWORKS_AVAILABLE_NOTIFICATION_ON,
mNotifyOpenNetworks.isChecked() ? 1 : 0);
} else {
return super.onPreferenceTreeClick(screen, preference);
}
return true;
}

public boolean onPreferenceTreeClick(PreferenceScreen screen, Preference preference) {

         //点击AP响应函数

        if (preference instanceof AccessPoint) {

            mSelected = (AccessPoint) preference;

            showDialog(mSelected, false);

        } else if (preference == mAddNetwork) {

            mSelected = null;

            showDialog(null, true);

        } else if (preference == mNotifyOpenNetworks) {

            Secure.putInt(getContentResolver(),

                    Secure.WIFI_NETWORKS_AVAILABLE_NOTIFICATION_ON,

                    mNotifyOpenNetworks.isChecked() ? 1 : 0);

        } else {

            return super.onPreferenceTreeClick(screen, preference);

        }

        return true;

    }

用户配置好之后点击连接按钮，onClick函数会被调用。

Java代码

public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int button) {
//点击连接按钮的响应函数
if (button == WifiDialog.BUTTON_FORGET && mSelected != null) {
forget(mSelected.networkId);
} else if (button == WifiDialog.BUTTON_SUBMIT && mDialog != null) {
WifiConfiguration config = mDialog.getConfig();
if (config == null) {
if (mSelected != null && !requireKeyStore(mSelected.getConfig())) {
connect(mSelected.networkId);
}
} else if (config.networkId != -1) {
if (mSelected != null) {
mWifiManager.updateNetwork(config);
saveNetworks();
}
} else {
int networkId = mWifiManager.addNetwork(config);
if (networkId != -1) {
mWifiManager.enableNetwork(networkId, false);
config.networkId = networkId;
if (mDialog.edit || requireKeyStore(config)) {
saveNetworks();
} else {
connect(networkId);
}
}
}
}

public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int button) {

          //点击连接按钮的响应函数

        if (button == WifiDialog.BUTTON_FORGET && mSelected != null) {

            forget(mSelected.networkId);

        } else if (button == WifiDialog.BUTTON_SUBMIT && mDialog != null) {

            WifiConfiguration config = mDialog.getConfig();

 

            if (config == null) {

                if (mSelected != null && !requireKeyStore(mSelected.getConfig())) {
                    connect(mSelected.networkId);
                }
            } else if (config.networkId != -1) {
                if (mSelected != null) {
                    mWifiManager.updateNetwork(config);
                    saveNetworks();
                }
            } else {
                int networkId = mWifiManager.addNetwork(config);
                if (networkId != -1) {
                    mWifiManager.enableNetwork(networkId, false);
                    config.networkId = networkId;
                    if (mDialog.edit || requireKeyStore(config)) {
                        saveNetworks();
                    } else {
                        connect(networkId);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

连接请求部分

一.Settings的connect函数响应连接，更新网络保存配置，更新设置当前选择的优先级最高，并

    保存。然后通过enableNetwork使得其他网络不可用来进行连接。最后调用WifiManager的

      reconnect函数连接当前选择的网络。

二.WifiManager的reconnect函数通过AIDL的Binder机制，调用WifiService的reconnect函数

三.然后会调用 WifiStateTracker的reconnectCommand函数，通过JNI（android_net_wifi_Wifi)的

      android_net_wifi_reconnectCommand 函数向WPA_WPASUPPLICANT发送 RECONNECT命令。

四. android_net_wifi_Wifi通过 doCommand(命令名，响应缓冲，响应缓存大小)调用wifi.c中的

      wifi_command函数来发送命令。

五.最后通过 wpa_ctrl的wpa_ctrl_request函数向控制通道发送连接命令。

返回请求部分

六.当连接上之后WPA_SUPPLICANT会向控制通道发送连接成功命令。wifi.c的

      wifi_wait_for_event函数阻塞调用并返回这个命令的字符串（CONNECTED）.

七.而后WifiMonitor会被执行来处理这个事件，WifiMonitor 再调用 WifiStateTracker的

     notifyStateChange,WifiStateTracker 则接着会往自身发送 EVENT_DHCP_START 消息来启动

    DHCP 去获取 IP 地址,然后广播NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION消息，最后由

    WifiSettings类来响应，改变状态和界面信息。

关键函数功能介绍

一.connect函数功能

1.updateNetwork：updateNetwork(config)会将当前选择连接的AP配置信息

   信息传递进去，配置信息有（网络ID等）。如果网络ID为-1则重新添加网络配置，然后向

   wpa_supplicant 发送SET_NETWORK命令（即通过这个网络ID设置其他一些相关信息，设置

   SSID，密码等）如果网络配置不为－1则直接执行后面步骤即发送SET_NETWORK命令。

2.saveNetwork:告诉supplicant保存当前网络配置并更新列表。SaveNetwork会调用WifiService的

     saveConfiguration向wpa_supplicant发送SAVE_CONFIG命令保存当前网络配置信息，

    如果返回false，则向wpa_supplicant重新发送RECONFIGURE命令获取配置信息，如果获取信

    息成功后，会Intent一个 NETWORK_IDS_CHANGED_ACTION事件WifiSettings会注册接受

    这个时间并更新列表。

3.enableNetwork函数，向系统获取接口名并使得该接口有效。由于之前传递的disableOthers

    为true则向wpa_supplicant发送SELECT_NETWORK（如果传递的为false则发送

     ENABLE_NETWORK命令），

4.reconnect函数：连接AP

二.reconnect函数功能：connect函数会调用WifiManager的reconnect然后通过Binder机制调用

   WifiService的reconnect，再由WifiStateTracke调用WifiNative向wpa_supplicant发送

   RECONNECT命令去连接网络，当连接上wpa_supplicant之后会向控制通道发送连接成功的命

   令，

   wifi_wait_for_event函数阻塞等待该事件的发生，并返回这个命令的字符串（CONNECTED）

三.android_net_wifi_Wifi函数的doCommand函数会调用wifi.c的wifi_command函数将上层的命

   令向wpa_supplicant发送。

四.wifi_wait_for_event函数以阻塞的方式，等待控制通道传递的事件。当有事件传递过来的时候

   该函数会通过wpa_ctrl的wpa_ctrl_recv函数读取该事件，并以字符串形式返回该事件名。

Java代码

int wifi_wait_for_event(char *buf, size_t buflen)
{
.......
result = wpa_ctrl_recv(monitor_conn, buf, &nread);
if (result < 0) {
LOGD("wpa_ctrl_recv failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
strncpy(buf, WPA_EVENT_TERMINATING " - recv error", buflen-1);
buf[buflen-1] = '\0';
return strlen(buf);
}
buf[nread] = '\0';
/* LOGD("wait_for_event: result=%d nread=%d string=\"%s\"\n", result, nread, buf); */
/* Check for EOF on the socket */
if (result == 0 && nread == 0) {
/* Fabricate an event to pass up */
LOGD("Received EOF on supplicant socket\n");
strncpy(buf, WPA_EVENT_TERMINATING " - signal 0 received", buflen-1);
buf[buflen-1] = '\0';
return strlen(buf);
}
/*
* Events strings are in the format
*
* <N>CTRL-EVENT-XXX
*
* where N is the message level in numerical form (0=VERBOSE, 1=DEBUG,
* etc.) and XXX is the event name. The level information is not useful
* to us, so strip it off.
*/
if (buf[0] == '<') {
char *match = strchr(buf, '>');
if (match != NULL) {
nread -= (match+1-buf);
memmove(buf, match+1, nread+1);
}
}
return nread;
}

int wifi_wait_for_event(char *buf, size_t buflen)

{

                       .......

    result = wpa_ctrl_recv(monitor_conn, buf, &nread);

    if (result < 0) {

        LOGD("wpa_ctrl_recv failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));

        strncpy(buf, WPA_EVENT_TERMINATING " - recv error", buflen-1);

        buf[buflen-1] = '\0';

        return strlen(buf);

    }

    buf[nread] = '\0';

    /* LOGD("wait_for_event: result=%d nread=%d string=\"%s\"\n", result, nread, buf); */

    /* Check for EOF on the socket */

    if (result == 0 && nread == 0) {

        /* Fabricate an event to pass up */

        LOGD("Received EOF on supplicant socket\n");

        strncpy(buf, WPA_EVENT_TERMINATING " - signal 0 received", buflen-1);

        buf[buflen-1] = '\0';

        return strlen(buf);

    }

    /*

     * Events strings are in the format

     *

     *     <N>CTRL-EVENT-XXX

     *

     * where N is the message level in numerical form (0=VERBOSE, 1=DEBUG,

     * etc.) and XXX is the event name. The level information is not useful

     * to us, so strip it off.

     */

    if (buf[0] == '<') {

        char *match = strchr(buf, '>');

        if (match != NULL) {

            nread -= (match+1-buf);

            memmove(buf, match+1, nread+1);

        }

    }
    return nread;
}

五.wpa_ctrl_request，通过socket方式向wpa_supplicant发送命令，以select模式阻塞在

wpa_supplicant发送和接收。

Java代码

int wpa_ctrl_request(struct wpa_ctrl *ctrl, const char *cmd, size_t cmd_len，char *reply, size_t *reply_len,void (*msg_cb)(char *msg, size_t len))
{
.......
res = select(ctrl->s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
if (FD_ISSET(ctrl->s, &rfds)) {
res = recv(ctrl->s, reply, *reply_len, 0);
if (res < 0)
return res;
if (res > 0 && reply[0] == '<') {
/* This is an unsolicited message from
* wpa_supplicant, not the reply to the
* request. Use msg_cb to report this to the
* caller. */
if (msg_cb) {
/* Make sure the message is nul
* terminated. */
if ((size_t) res == *reply_len)
res = (*reply_len) - 1;
reply[res] = '\0';
msg_cb(reply, res);
}
continue;
}
*reply_len = res;
break;
} else {
return -2;
}
}
return 0;
}

int wpa_ctrl_request(struct wpa_ctrl *ctrl, const char *cmd, size_t cmd_len，char *reply, size_t *reply_len,void (*msg_cb)(char *msg, size_t len))

{

         .......

                   res = select(ctrl->s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);

                   if (FD_ISSET(ctrl->s, &rfds)) {

                            res = recv(ctrl->s, reply, *reply_len, 0);

                            if (res < 0)

                                     return res;

                            if (res > 0 && reply[0] == '<') {

                                     /* This is an unsolicited message from

                                      * wpa_supplicant, not the reply to the

                                      * request. Use msg_cb to report this to the

                                      * caller. */

                                     if (msg_cb) {

                                               /* Make sure the message is nul

                                                * terminated. */

                                               if ((size_t) res == *reply_len)

                                                        res = (*reply_len) - 1;

                                               reply[res] = '\0';

                                               msg_cb(reply, res);

                                     }

                                     continue;

                            }

                            *reply_len = res;

                            break;
                   } else {
                            return -2;
                   }
         }
         return 0;
}

六.WifiMonitor 维护一个监视线程分发处理底层返回上来的事件

Java代码

void handleEvent(int event, String remainder) {
switch (event) {
case DISCONNECTED:
handleNetworkStateChange(NetworkInfo.DetailedState.DISCONNECTED, remainder);
break;
case CONNECTED:
handleNetworkStateChange(NetworkInfo.DetailedState.CONNECTED, remainder);
break;
case SCAN_RESULTS:
mWifiStateTracker.notifyScanResultsAvailable();
break;
case UNKNOWN:
break;
}
}

void handleEvent(int event, String remainder) {

            switch (event) {

                case DISCONNECTED:

                    handleNetworkStateChange(NetworkInfo.DetailedState.DISCONNECTED, remainder);

                    break;

                case CONNECTED:

                    handleNetworkStateChange(NetworkInfo.DetailedState.CONNECTED, remainder);

                    break;

                case SCAN_RESULTS:

                    mWifiStateTracker.notifyScanResultsAvailable();

                    break;

                case UNKNOWN:

                    break;

            }

        }

此时返回的事件是CONNECTED因此 handleNetworkStateChange会被调用，验证一下BSSID,重新获得networkId

,然后调用WifiStateTracke的notifyStateChange通知状态改变了的消息（EVENT_NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED）

接着处理这个消息，会移除可用网络通告，然后通过 configureInterface()的动态获取IP地址。最后

发送一个NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION Intent，WifiSetings注册了此Intent因此会响应该它。由updateConnectionState函数响应。

七.updateConnectionState 获取连接信息，更新列表状态，设置为Connected,然后设置当前网络为可用状态

Java代码

private void updateConnectionState(DetailedState state) {
/* sticky broadcasts can call this when wifi is disabled */
if (!mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
mScanner.pause();
return;
}
if (state == DetailedState.OBTAINING_IPADDR) {
mScanner.pause();
} else {
mScanner.resume();
}
mLastInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
if (state != null) {
mLastState = state;
}
for (int i = mAccessPoints.getPreferenceCount() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
((AccessPoint) mAccessPoints.getPreference(i)).update(mLastInfo, mLastState);
}
if (mResetNetworks && (state == DetailedState.CONNECTED ||
state == DetailedState.DISCONNECTED || state == DetailedState.FAILED)) {
updateAccessPoints();
enableNetworks();
}
}

private void updateConnectionState(DetailedState state) {

        /* sticky broadcasts can call this when wifi is disabled */

        if (!mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {

            mScanner.pause();

            return;

        }

 

        if (state == DetailedState.OBTAINING_IPADDR) {

            mScanner.pause();

        } else {

            mScanner.resume();

        }

 

        mLastInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();

        if (state != null) {

            mLastState = state;

        }

 

        for (int i = mAccessPoints.getPreferenceCount() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {

            ((AccessPoint) mAccessPoints.getPreference(i)).update(mLastInfo, mLastState);

        }

 

        if (mResetNetworks && (state == DetailedState.CONNECTED ||

                state == DetailedState.DISCONNECTED || state == DetailedState.FAILED)) {

            updateAccessPoints();

            enableNetworks();

        }

    }

Wifi 各类之间关系

MM-Graphics

关注

0
点赞
踩
3

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
wifi流程详细分析

一．启动wifi服务1.在 SystemServer 启动的时候,会生成一个 ConnectivityService 的实例路径为：\frameworks\base\services\java\com\android\server\SystemServer.java try { Slog.i(TAG, "Connectivity Serv
复制链接

扫一扫