[LeetCode]10.Regular Expression Matching

本文介绍了一种正则表达式匹配算法的实现方法,支持‘.’和‘*’两个特殊字符,其中‘.’可以匹配任意单个字符,而‘*’可以匹配前面元素的零次或多次出现。文章提供了一个C++示例代码,展示了如何通过递归方法完成整个输入字符串的匹配。

【题目】

mplement regular expression matching with support for '.' and '*'.

'.' Matches any single character.
'*' Matches zero or more of the preceding element.

The matching should cover the entire input string (not partial).

The function prototype should be:
bool isMatch(const char *s, const char *p)

Some examples:
isMatch("aa","a") → false
isMatch("aa","aa") → true
isMatch("aaa","aa") → false
isMatch("aa", "a*") → true
isMatch("aa", ".*") → true
isMatch("ab", ".*") → true
isMatch("aab", "c*a*b") → true

【分析】



【代码】

/*********************************
*   日期:2014-04-03
*   作者:SJF0115
*   题号: Regular Expression Matching
*   来源:http://oj.leetcode.com/problems/regular-expression-matching/
*   结果:AC
*   来源:LeetCode
*   总结:
**********************************/
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;

class Solution {
public:
    bool isMatch(const char *s, const char *p) {
        if(s == NULL || p == NULL || *p == '*') {
            return false;
        }
        if(*p == '\0') return *s == '\0';
        //next char is not '*': must match current character
        if(*(p+1) != '*') {
            if(*s == '\0') return false;
            if(*p != '.' && *p != *s) return false;
            return isMatch(s+1,p+1);
        }
        //next char is '*'
        else {
            int slen = strlen(s);
            if(isMatch(s,p+2)) return true;
            for(int i = 0; i < slen; ++i) {
                if(*p!='.' && *p != *(s+i)) return false;
                if(isMatch(s+i+1,p+2)) return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    }
};

int main() {
    Solution solution;
    char* s = "abcbcd";
    char* p = "ab*bbc";
    bool result = solution.isMatch(s,p);
    cout<<result<<endl;
    return 0;
}


LeetCode Problem 10, known as Regular Expression Matching, involves determining if a string matches a given pattern, considering special characters like `.` and `*`. The solution typically requires a recursive approach or dynamic programming to handle the complexities introduced by these special characters. Below is a Java implementation using recursion to solve this problem: ```java public class Solution { public boolean isMatch(String s, String p) { if (s == null || p == null) { return false; } int lenS = s.length(); int lenP = p.length(); if (lenP == 0) { return lenS == 0; } if (lenP == 1) { if (p.equals(s) || p.equals(".")) { return true; } else { return false; } } if (p.charAt(1) == '*') { while (s.length() > 0 && (p.charAt(0) == s.charAt(0) || p.charAt(0) == '.')) { if (isMatch(s, p.substring(2))) { return true; } s = s.substring(1); } return isMatch(s, p.substring(2)); } else { if (s.length() > 0 && (p.charAt(0) == s.charAt(0) || p.charAt(0) == '.')) { return isMatch(s.substring(1), p.substring(1)); } return false; } } } ``` This solution recursively checks for matches by evaluating the current characters and handling the `*` wildcard, which allows for zero or more of the preceding element. The function proceeds by either skipping the current pattern and the next (if the next character is `*`) or by matching the current character and proceeding in both strings. The implementation efficiently breaks down the problem into manageable recursive calls, ensuring all possible matches are explored, especially when dealing with the `*` operator, which introduces backtracking possibilities to find a valid match path[^2].
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