Hibernate学习笔记：多对多的关联关系(many-to-many)

多对多的关系现实中也有很多， 学生选课程，订单和产品，老师和学生。
继续复用前面的类Order,新加一个Product类， 并以订单和产品的关系来分析多对对关系。多对多表现的比较特殊的地方是需要中间表，我们已经有了order(订单)表，添加一个product(产品)表，为了实现order(订单)和product(产品)的多对多关系, 还需要一个中间表,叫做order_line(暂且就叫做订单流水线表),当用户选择产品并且确定一个订单后,除了在order表添加一条记录以外,还会在order_line中添加n条记录来表明这一个订单关联了多个产品, 同样, 多个用户下的多个订单中, 都可能包含某一个产品, 这样就形成了多对多的关系. 需要作这么几个工作：添加一个Product对象，它包含一个Set,set里面放与之关联的Order；修改Order.java,添加一个属性products,用来持有与之关联的Product; 修改映射文件。

Order.java:

public class Order { private int id; private float totalPrice; private Member member; private Set products; //getters and setters ignored public String toString(){//} }

 Product.java:

public class Product { private int id; private String name; private float price; private Set orders; // getters and setters ignored public String toString(){ return "/nid: " + id + "/nname: " + name + "/nprice: " + price; }

Order.hbm.xml:

<hibernate-mapping> <class name="model.Order" table="myorder" schema="dbo" catalog="hibernate"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native" /> </id> <property name="totalPrice" type="java.lang.Float"> <column name="total_price" not-null="true" /> </property> <many-to-one name="member" class="model.Member" column="member_id" /> <!-- 多对多的映射中， 中间表table是必须指定的 --> <set name="products" table="dbo.order_line" cascade="save-update" fetch="join"> <key column="order_id" /> <many-to-many class="model.Product" column="product_id" /> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <!-- create table order( id int primary key, total_price float not null, member_id int not null ) -->

Product.hbm.xml:

<hibernate-mapping> <class name="model.Product" table="product" schema="dbo" catalog="hibernate"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native" /> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="name" length="50" not-null="true" /> </property> <property name="price" type="java.lang.Float"> <column name="price" precision="2" scale="0"/> </property> <!-- 多对多的映射中， 中间表table是必须指定的 --> <set name="orders" table="dbo.order_line" cascade="save-update" fetch="join" lazy="false"> <key column="product_id" /> <many-to-many class="model.Order" column="order_id" /> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <!-- create table product( id int primary key, name varchar(50) not null, price float ) create table etl.order_line( order_id int, product_id int ) alter table order_line add constraint fk_orderline_order_id foreign key (order_id) references order(id) alter table order_line add constraint fk_orderline_product_id foreign key (product_id) references product(id) -->

到现在, 从会员到订单, 从订单到产品都关联起来了,可以修改一下MemberHibernateDao.java的测试用例, 测试以下从一个Member对象一直找到Product.

public static void main(String[] args){ MemberDao dao = new MemberHibernateDao(); Member m = dao.getById(2); Set<Order> s = m.getOrders(); Iterator<Order> itr = s.iterator(); System.out.println("member " + m.getName() + " has " + s.size() + "orders."); while(itr.hasNext()){ Order o = itr.next(); System.out.println("********************************"); System.out.println("Order ID: " + o.getId()); Set<Product> set = o.getProducts(); System.out.println("this order assosicate with " + set.size() + " procucts"); System.out.println("~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~"); for(Product p: set){ System.out.println(p); } } }