为了搞个Web Services,让我真是煞费苦心.还好最后用到了axis,在axis上发布Web Services是一件很轻松的事情.甚至不做配置的情况下都可以采用即时发布.就象JSP的发布
安装axis需要Servlet容器,我用的是Tomcat-5.0.28,下载Tomcat和axis我就不说了,下载后将axis解压后,将axis文件夹考到Tomcat的webapps下.
设置环境变量是非常重要的,设置环境变量:AXISCLASSPATH为:
%AXIS_LIB%/axis.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/commons-discovery-0.2.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/jaxrpc.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/saaj.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/log4j-1.2.8.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/xml-apis.jar;%AXIS_LIB%/xercesImpl.jar
设置AXIS_LIB为随便一个文件夹,将上面的一堆jar包搞进去.再将activation.jar, mail.jar, wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar搞到 %CATALINA_HOME%/common/lib下.
若启动Tomcat后在浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080/axis/happyaxis.jsp,若Needed Components都加载了就说明正常启动了axis.
axis支持两种发布方式:(先启动Tomcat)
1.即时发布:直接使用java语言编辑.jws文件,将它放到/axis目录下.
实例:用文本编辑器编写HelloWorld.jws
public class HelloWorld
{
public String helloWorld(){
System.out.println("Hello World!");
return "Hello World!";
}
}
拷贝到/axis下,在浏览器中输入:http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloWorld.jws?wsdl,若显示出相应的描述,说明发布成功,一般不会失败的,除非axis本身有问题.
2.定制发布:将编译完的.class文件放到/axis/WEB-INF,要包含包的文件夹.然后编写.wsdd文件,用org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient来发布
实例:编写并编译文件Capacity.java.
package samples.capacity;
public class Capacity
{
public double convertGallon2Litre(double gallon,String user){
if("Andy".equals(user))
return gallon * 4.546;
else
return 0.0d;
}
}
将Capacity.class文件拷贝到/axis/WEB-INF/classes下(带着文件夹拷),编写deploy.wsdd文件
<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/" xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
<service name="Capacity" provider="java:RPC">
<parameter name="className" value="samples.capacity.Capacity"/>
<parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/>
</service>
</deployment>
拷到Capacity.class所在的目录,在控制台切换到该目录执行:
java -cp %AXISCLASSPATH% org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient deploy.wsdd
显示如下信息说明发布完毕:
Processing file deploy.wsdd
<Admin>Doneprocessing</Admin>
在浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/axis/services/Capacity?wsdl,若显示描述,则说明发布成功.(好象要等一段时间才)
调用Web Services:编写AXISTest.java文件:
package axisexercise;
import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
import org.apache.axis.encoding.XMLType;
import javax.xml.rpc.ParameterMode;
public class AXISTest
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Service service = new Service();
Call call = ( Call ) service.createCall();
//访问即时发布的Distance服务
//设置访问点
call.setTargetEndpointAddress("http://localhost:8080/axis/Distance.jws");
//设置操作名
call.setOperationName("convertMile2Kilometre");
//设置入口参数
call.addParameter("op1",XMLType.XSD_DOUBLE,ParameterMode.IN);
call.setReturnType( XMLType.XSD_DOUBLE );
Double d1 = new Double( 190 );
//调用服务
System.out.println(d1 + " 英里相当于 " + call.invoke(new Object[] {d1}) + " 公里!");
//访问定制发布的Capacity服务
call = ( Call ) service.createCall();
//设置访问点
call.setTargetEndpointAddress("http://localhost:8080/axis/services/Capacity");
//设置操作名
call.setOperationName("convertGallon2Litre");
//设置入口参数
call.addParameter("op1",XMLType.XSD_DOUBLE,ParameterMode.IN);
call.addParameter("op2",XMLType.XSD_STRING,ParameterMode.IN);
call.setReturnType( XMLType.XSD_DOUBLE );
d1 = new Double( 10.00 );
String str1 = "ss";
//调用服务
System.out.println(d1 + " 加仑相当于 " + call.invoke( new Object[] {d1,str1} ) + " 升!");
}
}
编译:javac -classpath .;%AXISCLASSPATH% AXISTest.java
执行:java -classpath .;%CATALINA_HOME%/common/lib/wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar;%AXISCLASSPATH% axisexercise.AXISTest
显示如下结果:
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.axis.i18n.ProjectResourceBundle).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
190.0 英里相当于 305.71 公里!
10.0 加仑相当于 0.0 升!
若将AXISTest.java中的str1改为Andy,则接过就是45.46升