常见性能报告收集方法(AWR,ASH）

 

在出现性能问题的时候，HS_DBA通常都需要你生成，出现性能问题时间段的AWR或者ASH报告，所以还是需要客户维护人员平常学会收集
AWR ASH报告收集也是比较简单的

一下为实例：

1 AWR 报告的收集
$ sqlplus / as sysdba（首先在操作上以ORACLE用户登录，并且以SYS登录数据库）
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 24 14:57:53 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql;（执行这个SQL就可以开始AWR报告收集）
Current Instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  DB Id    DB Name      Inst Num Instance
----------- ------------ -------- ------------
3704746844 HS08                1 HS081   

Specify the Report Type
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Would you like an HTML report, or a plain text report?
Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text
Defaults to 'html'
Enter value for report_type:                                      (首先会提示你输入生成报告类型，默认为HTML，所以回车就OK）
Type Specified:  html

Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  DB Id    Inst Num DB Name      Instance    Host
------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
  3704746844        2 HS08        HS082        hp102
* 3704746844        1 HS08        HS081        hp101
Using 3704746844 for database Id
Using          1 for instance number     

Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Entering the number of days (n) will result in the most recent
(n) days of snapshots being listed.  Pressing <return> without
specifying a number lists all completed snapshots.

Enter value for num_days: 1                                                  （输入快照查看的间隔，一般一天的就OK，实际根据HS DBA的要求来做，）
Listing the last day's Completed Snapshots
                                                        Snap
Instance    DB Name        Snap Id    Snap Started    Level
------------ ------------ --------- ------------------ -----
HS081        HS08              158 24 Dec 2008 00:00      1
                                159 24 Dec 2008 01:00      1
                                160 24 Dec 2008 02:00      1
                                161 24 Dec 2008 03:00      1
                                162 24 Dec 2008 04:00      1
                                163 24 Dec 2008 05:00      1
                                164 24 Dec 2008 06:00      1
                                165 24 Dec 2008 07:00      1
                                166 24 Dec 2008 08:00      1
                                167 24 Dec 2008 09:00      1
                                168 24 Dec 2008 10:00      1
                                169 24 Dec 2008 11:00      1
                                170 24 Dec 2008 11:34      1
                                171 24 Dec 2008 11:39      1
                                172 24 Dec 2008 13:00      1
                                173 24 Dec 2008 14:00      1

Specify the Begin and End Snapshot Ids
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter value for begin_snap: 167                              （首先输入开始的快照ID，此处为167）
Begin Snapshot Id specified: 167
Enter value for end_snap: 169
End  Snapshot Id specified: 169                                （输入快照结束ID，可以根据要求的时间确定，此处为169）

Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is awrrpt_1_167_169.html.  To use this name,
press <return> to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.
Enter value for report_name:                                      （输入报告的名字，默认的就可以，例如：awrrpt_1_167_169.html. 实例1 快照167-169的AWR报告
                                                                                          所以此处回车就OK，报告生成在当前目录下）

因为恒生的系统一般都是RAC，所以需要在各个节点下的AWR报告，如果你愿意登录各个节点，可以使用一下SQL

@?/rdbms/admin/awrrpti.sql ，和上边的区别就在这于，输入报告类型后的部分
Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  DB Id    Inst Num DB Name      Instance    Host
------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
  3704746844        2 HS08        HS082        hp102
* 3704746844        1 HS08        HS081        hp101
Enter value for dbid: 3704746844                          （会要求你输入数据库的DBID）
Using 3704746844 for database Id
Enter value for inst_num: 1                                      （输入数据库实例NUM，一般就是2节点，所以一般就是输入1 或者2）剩下的部分没啥区别
Using 1 for instance number

2 ASH报告的生成
$ sqlplus / as sysdba  （首先SYS用户登录数据库）
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 24 15:14:21 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql; （执行这个脚本开始ASH报告生成）
Current Instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  DB Id    DB Name      Inst Num Instance
----------- ------------ -------- ------------
3704746844 HS08                2 HS082

Specify the Report Type
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text
Defaults to 'html'
Enter value for report_type:                                （默认HTML,回车即可）
Type Specified:  html

Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  DB Id    Inst Num DB Name      Instance    Host
------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
  3704746844        1 HS08        HS081        hp101
* 3704746844        2 HS08        HS082        hp102
Defaults to current database
Using database id: 3704746844
Defaults to current instance
Using instance number: 2

ASH Samples in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Oldest ASH sample available:  17-Dec-08 11:06:09  [  10329 mins in the past]
Latest ASH sample available:  24-Dec-08 15:14:23  [      0 mins in the past]

Specify the timeframe. to generate the ASH report
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter begin time for report:
--    Valid input formats:
--      To specify absolute begin time:
--        [MM/DD[/YY]] HH24:MI[:SS]
--        Examples: 02/23/03 14:30:15
--                  02/23 14:30:15
--                  14:30:15
--                  14:30
--      To specify relative begin time: (start with '-' sign)
--        -[HH24:]MI
--        Examples: -1:15  (SYSDATE - 1 Hr 15 Mins)
--                  -25    (SYSDATE - 25 Mins)
Defaults to -15 mins
Enter value for begin_time: 08/12/24 15:10  （输入开始的时间，格式为： 年/月/日  小时/分钟/秒)
Report begin time specified: 08/12/24 15:10
Enter duration in minutes starting from begin time:
Defaults to SYSDATE - begin_time
Press Enter to analyze till current time
Enter value for duration: 08/12/24 15:12        (输入结束的时间 ，格式同上，根据问题发生的时间段生成就好了）
Report duration specified:  08/12/24 15:12
declare
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character to number conversion error
ORA-06512: at line 12

Using 12-Aug-24 15:10:00 as report begin time
Using  as report end time

Specify Slot Width (using ashrpti.sql) for 'Activity Over Time' section
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-- Explanation:
--  In the 'Activity Over Time' section of the ASH report,
--  the analysis period is divided into smaller slots
--  and top wait events are reported in each of those slots.
-- Default:
--  The analysis period will be automatically split upto 10 slots
--  complying to a minimum slot width of
--    1 minute,  if the source is V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY or
--    5 minutes, if the source is DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY.

Specify Slot Width in seconds to use in the 'Activity Over Time' section:
Defaults to a value as explained above:
Slot Width specified:

Specify Report Targets (using ashrpti.sql) to generate the ASH report
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-- Explanation:
--  ASH Report can accept "Report Targets",
--  like a particular SQL statement, or a particular SESSION,
--  to generate the report on. If one or more report targets are
--  specified, then the data used to generate the report will only be
--  the ASH samples that pertain to ALL the specified report targets.
-- Default:
--  If none of the report targets are specified,
--  then the target defaults to all activity in the database instance.

Specify SESSION_ID (eg: from V$SESSION.SID) report target:
Defaults to NULL:
SESSION report target specified:

Specify SQL_ID (eg: from V$SQL.SQL_ID) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
SQL report target specified:

Specify WATI_CLASS name (eg: from V$EVENT_NAME.WAIT_CLASS) report target:
[Enter 'CPU' to investigate CPU usage]
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
WAIT_CLASS report target specified:

Specify SERVICE_HASH (eg: from V$ACTIVE_SERVICES.NAME_HASH) report target:
Defaults to NULL:
SERVICE report target specified:

Specify MODULE name (eg: from V$SESSION.MODULE) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
MODULE report target specified:

Specify ACTION name (eg: from V$SESSION.ACTION) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
ACTION report target specified:

Specify CLIENT_ID (eg: from V$SESSION.CLIENT_IDENTIFIER) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
CLIENT_ID report target specified:
Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is ashrpt_2_.html.  To use this name,
press <return> to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.
Enter value for report_name:                      （报告的名字，回车就好了）

因为恒生的系统一般都是RAC，所以需要在各个节点下的AWR报告，如果你愿意登录各个节点，可以使用一下SQL
@?/rdbms/admin/ashrpti.sql 与上边的不同也就是需要输入DBID和实例NUMBER，明白提示的意思就好了）


另外需要注意 AWR ASH报告两个快照间，或者时间之间，不能有数据库重启的操作，如果有会有报错）