原理:通过lvm快照给lvm真身拍个照片,当lvm真身发送改变时,lvm快照把lvm真身改变之前的内容存放在快照上,这样在lvm快照有效的这段时间内,我们看到的lvm快照上的内容始终是lvm真身在创建lvm快照时内容,通过备份lvm快照即可达到在线备份lvm真身的目的。需要注意的是,当lvm快照比lvm真身小时,若lvm真身发生的改变大于lvm快照,则lvm快照将变得无法读取而失效; 若lvm快照大于等于lvm真身,则不会发生前面的情况。
看下PE大小,lvm的大小必是PE的整数倍,为了选择合适的lvm大小,最好先检查下PE大小。
[root@server2 tune-profiles]# vgdisplay /dev/vgsrv
--- Volume group ---VG Name vgsrv
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 7
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 5
Open LV 4
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 6.47 GiB
PE Size 32.00 MiB
Total PE 207
Alloc PE / Size 187 / 5.84 GiB
Free PE / Size 20 / 640.00 MiB
VG UUID Cal2wg-FWAO-4BcH-uEGX-CelP-Np5Z-fP73JW
创建base逻辑卷,大小为64M(2个PE)
[root@server2 tune-profiles]# lvcreate -L 64M -n b64m /dev/vgsrv
Logical volume "b64m" created
[root@server2 tune-profiles]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
b64m vgsrv -wi-a- 64.00m
home vgsrv -wi-ao 256.00m
root vgsrv -wi-ao 5.00g
swap vgsrv -wi-ao 544.00m
格式化,挂载,并拷贝一些初始数据
[root@server2 tune-profiles]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vgsrv/b64m
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
16384 inodes, 65536 blocks
3276 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67108864
8 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks