对于Hibernate提供的4种兼容JPA的映射策略,这里介绍第三种Joined table,也被称为table-per-subclass策略。
在这种策略中,存在如下特征:
- 父子Entity类都对应各自的数据库表
- 父表中无需设置discriminator列
- 子表中的主键ID,也是子表的外键,用以指向父表的主键ID。默认父子表中的主键名字相同,也可以在子Entity类中通过如下标注给出列名。
@javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name="CUST_ID")
- 访问子Entity类时需要在数据库中join访问父Entity类
父Entity类定义如下:
@Entity(name = "Account")
@javax.persistence.Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED)
public static class Account {
@Id
private Long id;
private String owner;
private BigDecimal balance;
private BigDecimal interestRate;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getOwner() {
return owner;
}
public void setOwner(String owner) {
this.owner = owner;
}
public BigDecimal getBalance() {
return balance;
}
public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
this.balance = balance;
}
public BigDecimal getInterestRate() {
return interestRate;
}
public void setInterestRate(BigDecimal interestRate) {
this.interestRate = interestRate;
}
}
@Entity(name = "DebitAccount")
@javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name = "account_id")
public static class DebitAccount extends Account {
private BigDecimal overdraftFee;
public BigDecimal getOverdraftFee() {
return overdraftFee;
}
public void setOverdraftFee(BigDecimal overdraftFee) {
this.overdraftFee = overdraftFee;
}
}
另一个子Entity类定义如下:
@Entity(name = "CreditAccount")
@javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name = "account_id")
public static class CreditAccount extends Account {
private BigDecimal creditLimit;
public BigDecimal getCreditLimit() {
return creditLimit;
}
public void setCreditLimit(BigDecimal creditLimit) {
this.creditLimit = creditLimit;
}
}
数据库表结构如下:
CREATE TABLE Account (
id BIGINT NOT NULL ,
balance NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
interestRate NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
owner VARCHAR(255) ,
PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)
CREATE TABLE CreditAccount (
creditLimit NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
account_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES Account(id),
PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)
CREATE TABLE DebitAccount (
overdraftFee NUMERIC(19, 2) ,
account_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES Account(id),
PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)