Java模拟学生选课系统

package com.tim;

 

/**

*课程类

* @authortim

*

*/

publicclass Course {

    public StringID;        //实际开发中应使用private，set、get函数操作

    public String name;

    

    public Course(String id,String name){

        this.ID = id;

        this.name = name;

    }

    

}

 

package com.tim;

 

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

 

/**

* 备选课程类

* @author tim

*

*/

public class ListTest {

    public List<Course> coursesToSelect;        //用于存放备选课程的List

    

    /*

     * 无参构造器，实例化coursesToSelect

     */

    public ListTest(){

        this.coursesToSelect = new ArrayList<Course>();

    }

    

    /*

     * 用于往coursesTOSelect中添加备选课程

     */

    public void testAdd(){

        /*

         * 创建一个课程对象，并调用add(element)方法，添加到备选课程

         */

        Course cr1 = new Course("1","数据结构");

        coursesToSelect.add(cr1);

        Course temp = (Course) coursesToSelect.get(0);    //List的get方法，取出元素。

                                                        //存入集合中的元素默认为Object类型,需类型强转

        System.out.println("添加了课程：" + temp.ID + ":" + temp.name);

        

        /*

         * 创建一个课程对象，并调用add(index,element)方法，添加到备选课程

         */

        Course cr2 = new Course("2","C语言");

        coursesToSelect.add(0,cr2);

        Course temp2 = (Course)coursesToSelect.get(0);

        System.out.println("添加了课程：" + temp2.ID + ":" + temp2.name);

        

        /*

         * 课程可重复

         */

        coursesToSelect.add(cr1);

        Course temp0 = (Course) coursesToSelect.get(2);

        System.out.println("添加了课程：" + temp0.ID + ":" + temp0.name);

    

        /*

         * 以下代码会抛出下表越界异常

         */

//        Course cr3 = new Course("3","专业英语");

//        coursesToSelect.add(2,cr3);

        

        /*

         * 创建一个课程对象数组，并调用add(c)方法，添加到备选课程

         */

        Course[] course = {new Course("3","离散数学"),new Course("4","汇编语言")};

        coursesToSelect.addAll(Arrays.asList(course));    //asList将Course类型数组转化成集合

        Course temp3 = (Course) coursesToSelect.get(2);

        Course temp4 = (Course) coursesToSelect.get(3);

        System.out.println("添加了两门课程" + temp3.ID + ":" + temp3.name +

                ";"     + temp4.ID + ":" + temp4.name);

        

        /*

         * 创建一个课程对象数组，并调用add(index,c)方法，添加到备选课程

         */

        Course[] course2 = {new Course("5","高等数学"),new Course("6","大学英语")};

        coursesToSelect.addAll(2,Arrays.asList(course2));

        Course temp5 = (Course)coursesToSelect.get(2);

        Course temp6 = (Course)coursesToSelect.get(3);

        System.out.println("添加了两门课程" + temp5.ID + ":" + temp5.name +

                ";"     + temp6.ID + ":" + temp6.name);

    }

    

    /*

     * 取得List中的元素

     */

    public void testGet(){

    int size = coursesToSelect.size();    //List的size方法取得List大小

    System.out.println("有如下课程待选:");

    for(int i = 0; i < size;i++){    

        Course cr = (Course) coursesToSelect.get(i);

        System.out.println(cr.ID + cr.name);

    }

}

    

    /*

     * 通过迭代器来遍历List

     */

    public void testIterator(){

        /*

         * 通过集合的iterator方法取得迭代器的实例

         */

        Iterator<Course> it = coursesToSelect.iterator();

        System.out.println("有如下课程待选:(通过迭代器)");

        while(it.hasNext()){

            Course cr = (Course) it.next();

            System.out.println(cr.ID + cr.name);

        }

    }

    

    /*

     * 通过for each方法访问集合中元素

     */

    public void testForEach(){

        System.out.println("有如下课程待选:(通过foreach)");

        for(Object obj: coursesToSelect){

            Course cr = (Course) obj;

            System.out.println(cr.ID + cr.name);

        }

    }

    

    /*

     *修改集合List中的元素

     */

    public void testModify(){

        coursesToSelect.set(4,new Course("7","单片机"));

    }

    

    /*

     *删除List中的元素

     */

    public void testRemove(){

//        Course cr = (Course) coursesToSelect.get(4);

//        System.out.println("确定删除" + cr.ID + cr.name + "吗？");    

//        coursesToSelect.remove(cr);            //coursesToSelect.remove(4);

        Course[] course = {(Course) coursesToSelect.get(4),(Course) coursesToSelect.get(5)};

        coursesToSelect.removeAll(Arrays.asList(course));    

        System.out.println("成功删除课程");

        testForEach();        //此方法直接使用，不能用lt.testForEach，因为没有实例化

    }

    

    public static void main(String[] args){

        ListTest lt = new ListTest();

        lt.testAdd();

        lt.testGet();

        lt.testIterator();

        lt.testForEach();

        lt.testModify();

        lt.testGet();

        lt.testRemove();

    }

}

 

package com.tim;

 

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Scanner;

/*

* addAll remove removeAll没写，同List的方法相同

*/

public class SetTest {

 

    public List<Course> coursesToSelect;

    

    public SetTest(){

        coursesToSelect = new ArrayList<Course>();

    }

    /*

     * 添加课程

     */

    public void testAdd(){

        Course cr = new Course("1","C语言");

        coursesToSelect.add(cr);

        

        Course cr1 = new Course("2","高等数学");

        coursesToSelect.add(1,cr1);

        

        Course[] course = {new Course("3","大学英语"),new Course("4","线性代数")};

        coursesToSelect.addAll(Arrays.asList(course));

        

        Course[] course1 = {new Course("5","概率论"),new Course("6","分析化学")};

        coursesToSelect.addAll(4,Arrays.asList(course1));

        

        System.out.println("添加了如下课程：");

//        testIterator();

//        testGet();

        testForEach();

    }

    

    /*

     * 迭代器查询表中元素

     */

    public void testIterator(){

        Iterator<Course> it = coursesToSelect.iterator();

        while(it.hasNext()){

            Course cr = (Course) it.next();

            System.out.println(cr.ID + cr.name);

        }    

    }

    

    /*

     *get方法获取List中元素

     */

    public void testGet(){

        int size = coursesToSelect.size();

        for(int i = 0;i < size; i++){

            Course cr = coursesToSelect.get(i);

            System.out.println(cr.ID + cr.name);

        }

    }

    

    /*

     * for each获取元素

     */

    public void testForEach(){

        for(Course cr: coursesToSelect){

            System.out.println(cr.ID + cr.name);

        }

    }

    

    /*

     * 打印输出，学生所选课程。只能使用for each或iterator

     * 不能使用get

     */

    public void testForEachForSet(Student stu){

        System.out.println("已经选择" + stu.courses.size() + "门课程，如下：");

        for(Course cr: stu.courses){

            System.out.println(cr.ID + cr.name);

        }

    }

    

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SetTest st = new SetTest();

        System.out.println("有如下课程可选：");

        st.testAdd();

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        Student stu = new Student("1","皮皮帅");

        System.out.println("欢迎" + stu.name + "选课！");

        for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){

            System.out.println("请输入" + "第" + (i + 1) + "门课程ID：");

            String stuId = scanner.next();

            for(Course cr: st.coursesToSelect){

                if(cr.ID.equals(stuId)){

                    /*

                     * Set中添加某个重复对象，只保留一个该对象引用

                     * 并且只保留第一个添加的对象。Set中可以添加空的对象

                     */

                    //stu.courses.add(null);

                    stu.courses.add(cr);

                }

            }

        }

        st.testForEachForSet(stu);

        scanner.close();

    }

}