[Spring实战系列] - No.7 开始SpringMVC之旅(2)

本篇文章，我们继续学习《Spring实战》第四版的Spittr项目。这个项目的目的是为了构建一个类似twitter的网站，在这片文章中，我们将会讲解如何构建出这个项目，以及项目一些功能，例如注册和发消息是怎么运行的。

相比于上次的文章，我改动了一些代码，请点击这里下载。所以在这里我们会从头开始展示，但是会适当简略。下篇文章这部分不再解释。另外：本文代码来源于《Spring实战》源代码，我在此只做简化，使用maven重新构建，和运行。

1. 新建一个maven项目，方法如同上篇文章。构建完成后，布置maven项目结构，同时部署pom.xml

注意：target文件为maven生成的目标目录。项目是按照这个生成文件进行运行的。所以，如果你在下载源码后想要改动代码重新运行，只需要删除该文件夹，然后启动tomcat，该文件夹会重新生成。

配置pom.xml中的依赖:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>spitter</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>spitter Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>

    <!-- Generic properties -->
    <java.version>1.6</java.version>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

    <!-- Web -->
    <jsp.version>2.2</jsp.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    <servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>


    <!-- Spring -->
    <spring-framework.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</spring-framework.version>

    <!-- Hibernate / JPA -->
    <hibernate.version>4.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>

    <!-- Logging -->
    <logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>

    <!-- Test -->
    <junit.version>4.11</junit.version>

  </properties>



  <dependencies>

    <!-- Spring MVC -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <!-- Other Web dependencies -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>${jstl.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>${servlet.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>${jsp.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring and Transactions -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Logging with SLF4J & LogBack -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
      <version>${logback.version}</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Hibernate -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
      <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <!-- Test Artifacts -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>${junit.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Apache Commons Lang, a package of Java utility classes for the classes
        that are in java. -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
      <version>3.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Mock objects library for java -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
      <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
      <version>1.10.19</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
      <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.0.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.0.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
      <artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- XML/XHTML/HTML5 template engine for Java -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
      <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring3</artifactId>
      <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
      <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId>
      <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
     -->
    <!-- MySQL JDBC Type 4 driver -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.38</version>
    </dependency>


  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <finalName>spitter</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.7</source>
          <target>1.7</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
        <configuration>
          <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

2.开始配置Spring相关文件：

我们依然使用注解的方式进行配置。首先新建一个webApp启动器：

package spitter.config;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/26.
 */
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
import spitter.web.WebConfigs;
public class SpittrWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[] { "/" };
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class<?>[] { RootConfig.class };
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class<?>[] { WebConfigs.class };
    }

}

RootConfig 和 WebConfigs：

package spitter.config;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/26.
 */
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.core.type.filter.RegexPatternTypeFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

import spitter.config.RootConfig.WebPackage;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

@Configuration
@Import(DataConfig.class)
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"spitter"},
        excludeFilters={
                @Filter(type=FilterType.CUSTOM, value=WebPackage.class)
        })
public class RootConfig {
    public static class WebPackage extends RegexPatternTypeFilter {
        public WebPackage() {
            super(Pattern.compile("spittr\\.web"));
        }
    }
}

package spitter.web;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/26.
 */
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("spitter.web")
public class WebConfigs extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
        InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
        resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        return resolver;
    }

    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }

    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.addResourceHandlers(registry);
    }

}

和前面的配置相似。WebConfigs中的内容为我们定义的视图解析器，主要的用途就是配合Controller一起寻找并加载对应视图。同时我们还重写了configureDefaultServletHandling 和 addResourceHandlers两个函数。这两个函数都是继承自WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() 。其主要功能是使用默认的servlet来处理一些跳转如"/"，有兴趣的朋友点击这里Spring文档查看具体官方的解释。这里我们不再赘述。

我们需要使用数据库来存储spittles和spitter记录对吧？Yes！我们在DataConfig中配置我们的数据库：

package spitter.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */
@Configuration
public class DataConfig {
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("root");

        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public JdbcOperations jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }

}

让我们来回想一下：我们把使用注解方式定义在了WebAppInitializer中，同时指定了WebConfig和RootConfig的位置。我们在WebConfig对servlet进行了配置，告诉servlet他所需要的controller都在web包中！接下来就是完善我们的Controller了！

(RootConfig书中没做太多解释，只是指明了项目基础包，同时引入了DataConfig和WebPackage)

2.创建我们的实体Spitter和Spittle(用户和消息)：

package spitter;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.EqualsBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.HashCodeBuilder;

import java.util.Date;

public class Spittle {

    private final Long id;
    private final String message;
    private final Date time;
    private Double latitude;
    private Double longitude;

    public Spittle(String message, Date time) {
        this(null, message, time, null, null);
    }

    public Spittle(Long id, String message, Date time, Double longitude, Double latitude) {
        this.id = id;
        this.message = message;
        this.time = time;
        this.longitude = longitude;
        this.latitude = latitude;
    }

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public Date getTime() {
        return time;
    }

    public Double getLongitude() {
        return longitude;
    }

    public Double getLatitude() {
        return latitude;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object that) {
        return EqualsBuilder.reflectionEquals(this, that, "id", "time");
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return HashCodeBuilder.reflectionHashCode(this, "id", "time");
    }

}

package spitter;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.EqualsBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.HashCodeBuilder;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
public class Spitter {

    private Long id;

    @NotNull
    @Size(min=5, max=16)
    private String username;

    @NotNull
    @Size(min=5, max=25)
    private String password;

    @NotNull
    @Size(min=2, max=30)
    private String firstName;

    @NotNull
    @Size(min=2, max=30)
    private String lastName;

    @NotNull
    @Email
    private String email;

    public Spitter() {}

    public Spitter(String username, String password, String firstName, String lastName, String email) {
        this(null, username, password, firstName, lastName, email);
    }

    public Spitter(Long id, String username, String password, String firstName, String lastName, String email) {
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object that) {
        return EqualsBuilder.reflectionEquals(this, that, "firstName", "lastName", "username", "password", "email");
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return HashCodeBuilder.reflectionHashCode(this, "firstName", "lastName", "username", "password", "email");
    }

}

值得一提的是，在spitter中，我们对spitter的实体使用了javax.validation相关注解。通过一些@NotNull @Size等设置了限制，告诉我们什么样的spitter是有效的。这在我们之后的注册中会起到作用。其余的部分都很简单，是对两种实体的最直白的构造。

同时，针对两种实体，我们需要编写两种接口来进行数据库操作，然后构造包含jdbctemplate对象的实体，来实现两种接口：

package spitter.data;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import spitter.Spitter;

public interface SpitterRepository {

    Spitter save(Spitter spitter);

    Spitter findByUsername(String username);

}

package spitter.data;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import spitter.Spitter;

@Repository
public class JdbcSpitterRepository implements SpitterRepository {

    private JdbcOperations jdbc;

    @Autowired
    public JdbcSpitterRepository(JdbcOperations jdbc) {
        this.jdbc = jdbc;
    }

    public Spitter save(Spitter spitter) {
        jdbc.update(
                "insert into Spitter (username, password, first_name, last_name, email)" +
                        " values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
                spitter.getUsername(),
                spitter.getPassword(),
                spitter.getFirstName(),
                spitter.getLastName(),
                spitter.getEmail());
        return spitter; // TODO: Determine value for id
    }

    public Spitter findByUsername(String username) {
        return jdbc.queryForObject(
                "select id, username, null, first_name, last_name, email from Spitter where username=?",
                new SpitterRowMapper(),
                username);
    }

    private static class SpitterRowMapper implements RowMapper<Spitter> {
        public Spitter mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
            return new Spitter(
                    rs.getLong("id"),
                    rs.getString("username"),
                    null,
                    rs.getString("first_name"),
                    rs.getString("last_name"),
                    rs.getString("email"));
        }
    }

}

package spitter.data;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import java.util.List;
import spitter.Spittle;

public interface SpittleRepository {

    List<Spittle> findRecentSpittles();

    List<Spittle> findSpittles(long max, int count);

    Spittle findOne(long id);

    void save(Spittle spittle);

}

package spitter.data;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import spitter.Spittle;

@Repository
public class JdbcSpittleRepository implements SpittleRepository {

    private JdbcOperations jdbc;

    @Autowired
    public JdbcSpittleRepository(JdbcOperations jdbc) {
        this.jdbc = jdbc;
    }

    public List<Spittle> findRecentSpittles() {
        return jdbc.query(
                "select id, message, created_at, latitude, longitude" +
                        " from Spittle" +
                        " order by created_at desc limit 20",
                new SpittleRowMapper());
    }

    public List<Spittle> findSpittles(long max, int count) {
        return jdbc.query(
                "select id, message, created_at, latitude, longitude" +
                        " from Spittle" +
                        " where id < ?" +
                        " order by created_at desc limit 20",
                new SpittleRowMapper(), max);
    }

    public Spittle findOne(long id) {
        return jdbc.queryForObject(
                "select id, message, created_at, latitude, longitude" +
                        " from Spittle" +
                        " where id = ?",
                new SpittleRowMapper(), id);
    }

    public void save(Spittle spittle) {
        jdbc.update(
                "insert into Spittle (message, created_at, latitude, longitude)" +
                        " values (?, ?, ?, ?)",
                spittle.getMessage(),
                spittle.getTime(),
                spittle.getLatitude(),
                spittle.getLongitude());
    }

    private static class SpittleRowMapper implements RowMapper<Spittle> {
        public Spittle mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
            return new Spittle(
                    rs.getLong("id"),
                    rs.getString("message"),
                    rs.getDate("created_at"),
                    rs.getDouble("longitude"),
                    rs.getDouble("latitude"));
        }
    }

}

这里提一下我们的@repository注解。这个非常的有用！还记得我们之前的xml配置jdbc方法么？这个注解直接将DAO实体，设置为Bean，在我们之后的Controller中可以直接使用。

2. 根据我们需要的页面编写Controller：

home.jsp:

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Spitter</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" 
          type="text/css" 
          href="<c:url value="/resources/style.css" />" >
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Welcome to Spitter</h1>

    <a href="<c:url value="/spittles" />">Spittles</a> | 
    <a href="<c:url value="/spitter/register" />">Register</a>
  </body>
</html>

首先需要的就是我们针对首页的HomeController：

package spitter.web;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/26.
 */
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.GET;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class HomeController {

    @RequestMapping(method = GET)
    public String home(Model model) {
        return "home";
    }

}

注意，要将你新建项目时候的index.jsp文件删除。否则，我们输入localhost:8080依然会默认跳转到index.jsp下。

注意到我们上面两个链接了么？一个是Spittles，一个是register。首先编写两个界面：

spittles.jsp:

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Spitter</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="<c:url value="/resources/style.css" />" >
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="spittleForm">
      <h1>Spit it out...</h1>
      <form method="POST" name="spittleForm">
        <input type="hidden" name="latitude">
        <input type="hidden" name="longitude">
        <textarea name="message" cols="80" rows="5"></textarea><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="Add" />
      </form>
    </div>
    <div class="listTitle">
      <h1>Recent Spittles</h1>
      <ul class="spittleList">
        <c:forEach items="${spittleList}" var="spittle" >
          <li id="spittle_<c:out value="spittle.id"/>">
            <div class="spittleMessage"><c:out value="${spittle.message}" /></div>
            <div>
              <span class="spittleTime"><c:out value="${spittle.time}" /></span>
              <span class="spittleLocation">(<c:out value="${spittle.latitude}" />, <c:out value="${spittle.longitude}" />)</span>
            </div>
          </li>
        </c:forEach>
      </ul>
      <c:if test="${fn:length(spittleList) gt 20}">
        <hr />
        <s:url value="/spittles?count=${nextCount}" var="more_url" />
        <a href="${more_url}">Show more</a>
      </c:if>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

点击Register进入registerForm.jsp:

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Spitter</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 
          href="<c:url value="/resources/style.css" />" >
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Register</h1>

    <form method="POST">
      First Name: <input type="text" name="firstName" /><br/>
      Last Name: <input type="text" name="lastName" /><br/>
      Email: <input type="email" name="email" /><br/>
      Username: <input type="text" name="username" /><br/>
      Password: <input type="password" name="password" /><br/>
      <input type="submit" value="Register" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

可以看出，我们在home.jsp中给出了两个url，一个是spittles跳转的url，一个是Register的跳转url。我们首先编写SpitterController：

package spitter.web;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.Errors;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.GET;
import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.POST;
import spitter.Spitter;
import spitter.data.SpitterRepository;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/spitter")
public class SpitterController {

    private SpitterRepository spitterRepository;

    @Autowired
    public SpitterController(SpitterRepository spitterRepository) {
        this.spitterRepository = spitterRepository;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/register", method=GET)
    public String showRegistrationForm() {
        return "registerForm";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/register", method=POST)
    public String processRegistration(
            Spitter spitter,
            Errors errors) {
        if (errors.hasErrors()) {
            return "registerForm";
        }

        spitterRepository.save(spitter);
        return "redirect:/spitter/" + spitter.getUsername();
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/{username}", method=GET)
    public String showSpitterProfile(@PathVariable String username, Model model) {
        Spitter spitter = spitterRepository.findByUsername(username);
        model.addAttribute(spitter);
        return "profile";
    }

}

其中：

showRegistrationForm()，定义了我们从主页点击进入Register页面的跳转，方法为GET。

processRegistration()，定义了我们进行注册的控制：

a. 如果我们输入的信息为有效信息，调用写入数据库的save()方法，同时重定向到显示个人信息的跳转，该跳转可由

showSpitterProfile()方法获取并映射。

b. 如果我们输入的信息无效，则重新加载到该注册页面。

showSpitterProfile()，如果获取有效的用户名，则查询该用户信息，加载到model中，然后返回把信息注入profile.jsp中。

profile.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Spitter</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="<c:url value="/resources/style.css" />" >
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Your Profile</h1>
    <p>Username:<c:out value="${spitter.username}" /></p>
    <p>FirstName:<c:out value="${spitter.firstName}" /> LastName:<c:out value="${spitter.lastName}" /></p>
    <p>Email:<c:out value="${spitter.email}" /></p>
  </body>
</html>

SpittleController：

package spitter.web;

/**
 * Created by YanMing on 2017/2/27.
 */

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import spitter.Spittle;
import spitter.data.SpittleRepository;
import spitter.web.*;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/spittles")
public class SpittleController {

    private static final String MAX_LONG_AS_STRING = "9223372036854775807";

    private SpittleRepository spittleRepository;

    @Autowired
    public SpittleController(SpittleRepository spittleRepository) {
        this.spittleRepository = spittleRepository;
    }

    @RequestMapping(method= RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<Spittle> spittles(
            @RequestParam(value="max", defaultValue=MAX_LONG_AS_STRING) long max,
            @RequestParam(value="count", defaultValue="20") int count) {
        return spittleRepository.findSpittles(max, count);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/{spittleId}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String spittle(
            @PathVariable("spittleId") long spittleId,
            Model model) {
        model.addAttribute(spittleRepository.findOne(spittleId));
        return "spittle";
    }

    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String saveSpittle(SpittleForm form, Model model) throws Exception {
        spittleRepository.save(new Spittle(null, form.getMessage(), new Date(),
                form.getLongitude(), form.getLatitude()));
        return "redirect:/spittles";
    }

}

该Controller主要是映射我们在发布信息时候的跳转，其中：

List<Spittle> spittles()主要是我们处理首次跳转到spittles页面和每次发布消息以后的重新加载。提供了函数的默认值。调用数据库访问对象。

saveSpittle()，发出POST类型的请求，将我们的数据存入数据库。同时重定向到该页面，刷新数据（这一过程实际是发出了一个请求，该请求调用了List<Spittle> spittles()，实现了刷新）

spittle()可以处理类似“/spittles/1”这样的请求。当然我们没有什么按钮会触发这个功能。你可以直接在浏览器中输入这个跳转，查看结果。

在Spittles中使用了SpittleForm这个类.我们在输入框中输入的信息，将会在jsp中装箱成这个类的对象，然后传入saveSpittle()中，存入数据库。

spittle.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Spitter</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" 
          type="text/css" 
          href="<c:url value="/resources/style.css" />" >
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="spittleView">
      <div class="spittleMessage"><c:out value="${spittle.message}" /></div>
      <div>
        <span class="spittleTime"><c:out value="${spittle.time}" /></span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

项目大概的运行流程就是这样，主要的类和功能我也都介绍完了。但是还有很多关于Spring注解内容以及jsp相关的知识我没有细讲。注解的内容我将会在下篇文章中提到。我觉得《Spring实战》这本书的例子，不妥的地方是，没有使用前后端分离的方式来讲解，而是依然使用了jsp后台注入的方式。如果以后有机会，我希望能就Spring-boot&Angular实现前后端分离，做更多的讲解。

P.S. 文章不妥之处还望指正