安卓拍照及图片裁剪（6.0以上权限处理及7.0以上文件管理）

 最近做项目中涉及到了图片相关功能 ，在使用安卓6.0手机及7.1手机拍照时，遇到了因权限及文件管理导致程序崩溃等问题。
 刚好把功能修改完，把代码简单地贴一下，方便以后使用。

—-主界面 代码 ——

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    //拍照按钮
    private Button take_photo;
    //显示裁剪后的图片
    private ImageView photo_iv;
    private static final int PERMISSIONS_FOR_TAKE_PHOTO = 10;
    //图片文件路径
    private String picPath;
    //图片对应Uri
    private Uri photoUri;
    //拍照对应RequestCode
    public static final int SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO = 1;
    //裁剪图片
    private static final int CROP_PICTURE = 3;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        take_photo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
        photo_iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.photo_iv);
        take_photo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //小于6.0版本直接操作
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
                    takePictures();
                } else {
                    //6.0以后权限处理
                    permissionForM();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            if (requestCode == SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO) {
                String[] pojo = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
                Cursor cursor = managedQuery(photoUri, pojo, null, null, null);
                if (cursor != null) {
                    int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(pojo[0]);
                    cursor.moveToFirst();
                    picPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 14) {
                        cursor.close();
                    }
                }
                if (picPath != null && (picPath.endsWith(".png") || picPath.endsWith(".PNG") || picPath.endsWith(".jpg") || picPath.endsWith(".JPG"))) {
                    photoUri = Uri.fromFile(new File(picPath));
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 23) {
                        photoUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.innopro.bamboo.fileprovider", new File(picPath));
                        cropForN(picPath, CROP_PICTURE);
                    } else {
                        startPhotoZoom(photoUri, CROP_PICTURE);
                    }
                } else {
                    //错误提示
                }
            }
            if (requestCode == CROP_PICTURE) {
                if (photoUri != null) {
                    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(picPath);
                    if (bitmap != null) {
                        photo_iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 拍照获取图片
     */
    private void takePictures() {
        //执行拍照前，应该先判断SD卡是否存在
        String SDState = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        if (SDState.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
            ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
            photoUri = getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
            intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoUri);
            startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "手机未插入内存卡", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }


    /**
     * 图片裁剪，参数根据自己需要设置
     *
     * @param uri
     * @param REQUE_CODE_CROP
     */
    private void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri,
                                int REQUE_CODE_CROP) {
        int dp = 500;
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
        // 下面这个crop=true是设置在开启的Intent中设置显示的VIEW可裁剪
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        intent.putExtra("scale", true);// 去黑边
        intent.putExtra("scaleUpIfNeeded", true);// 去黑边
        // aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 4);//输出是X方向的比例
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 3);
        intent.putExtra("outputX", 600);//输出X方向的像素
        intent.putExtra("outputY", 450);
        intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
        intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", false);//设置为不返回数据
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUE_CODE_CROP);
    }

    /**
     * 7.0以上版本图片裁剪操作
     *
     * @param imagePath
     * @param REQUE_CODE_CROP
     */
    private void cropForN(String imagePath, int REQUE_CODE_CROP) {
        Uri cropUri = getImageContentUri(new File(imagePath));
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        intent.setDataAndType(cropUri, "image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        //输出是X方向的比例
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 4);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 3);
        // outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高
        intent.putExtra("outputX", 600);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", 450);
        intent.putExtra("scale", true);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, cropUri);
        intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
        intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUE_CODE_CROP);
    }

    private Uri getImageContentUri(File imageFile) {
        String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(
                MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media._ID},
                MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ",
                new String[]{filePath}, null);

        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            int id = cursor.getInt(cursor
                    .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID));
            Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");
            return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id);
        } else {
            if (imageFile.exists()) {
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath);
                return getContentResolver().insert(
                        MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 安卓6.0以上版本权限处理
     */
    private void permissionForM() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
                    PERMISSIONS_FOR_TAKE_PHOTO);
        } else {
            takePictures();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                           @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

        if (requestCode == PERMISSIONS_FOR_TAKE_PHOTO) {
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                takePictures();
            }
            return;
        }
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }

}

–主界面布局——–

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.innopro.improve.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/take_photo"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="拍照"
        android:textSize="18sp"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/photo_iv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/take_photo" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

–AndroidManifest.xml添加provider——–

     <provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.innopro.improve.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>

–资源文件下添加xml文件夹及file_paths文件——–

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <paths>
        <external-path
            name="camera_photos"
            path="" />
    </paths>
</resources>

代码贴完。