iOS个人整理08-touch触摸事件和手势识别器

一、touch触摸事件

在给定的触摸阶段，如果发生触摸事件，应用程序就会发送下列消息

//触屏开始
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

//触屏结束，手指离开屏幕
-(void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

//滑动
-(void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

//触屏取消，触摸被打断，来电话，短信等
-(void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

下面的TouchView实现了创建一块View，点击变成红色，触摸离开变成黑色，按住拖拽会变成随机色，同时View的图块也会随着拖拽而移动

//
//  TouchView.m
//  Class_04_touch
//
//  Created by wanghao on 16/1/12.
//  Copyright (c) 2016年 wanghao. All rights reserved.
//

#import "TouchView.h"

@implementation TouchView

//每一个UIView或者其子类，都可以实现触摸事件，重写系统提供的方法

//触摸开始，触摸对象触摸屏幕
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog(@"%s，开始",__func__);
    self.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
}

//触摸对象在屏幕上移动
-(void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog(@"%s，移动",__func__);
    self.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random()%256/255.0 green:arc4random()%256/255.0 blue:arc4random()%256/255.0 alpha:1];
    
    //得到某个触摸对象，如果支持多点触摸，可得到多个对象
    UITouch *touch = touches.anyObject;
    //得到触摸对象当前点
    CGPoint locationPoint = [touch locationInView:self.superview];
    //得到移动之前所在的点
    CGPoint prePoint = [touch previousLocationInView:self.superview];
    //计算delX delY，就是x,y所移动的距离
    
    float delX = locationPoint.x - prePoint.x;
    float delY = locationPoint.y - prePoint.y;
    
    CGRect frame = self.frame;
    
    //获取整个屏幕宽度
    float screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
    float screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
    
    float x = frame.origin.x;
    float y = frame.origin.y;

    //让视图无法拖出屏幕的范围
    if (x + delX < 0 || y + delY < 0 || x + frame.size.width + delX > screenWidth || y +frame.size.height + delY > screenHeight) {
        NSLog(@"超出");
    }
    else
    {
        self.center = CGPointMake(self.center.x + delX, self.center.y + delY);
    }
    //移动中改变视图大小
    //self.frame = CGRectMake(self.frame.origin.x, self.frame.origin.y, self.frame.size.width + delX, self.frame.size.height + delY);
}

//手指离开屏幕
-(void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog(@"%s,结束",__func__);
    self.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
}

//触摸被打断，来电话，短信等
-(void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog(@"%s,打断",__func__);
}
@end

二、手势识别器

手势识别器是对触摸事件进行了封装，本身起到了识别作用

传说中IOS有七种手势

轻拍 UITapGestureRecognizer

轻扫 UISwipeGestureRecognizer

沿屏幕边缘轻扫 UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer

捏合 UIPinchGestureRecognizer

旋转 UIRotationGestureRecognizer

平移 UIPanGestureRecognizer

长按 UILongPressGestureRecognizer

下面先使用了轻拍，轻扫和沿屏幕边缘轻扫。

基本过程

1.先初始化手势

    UITapGestureRecognizer *tagGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapAction:)];
    [headImageView addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];

2.设置手势属性

 //需要的触摸次数
    tagGesture.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;
    //需要的触摸对象的个数
    tagGesture.numberOfTouchesRequired = 2;

3.给View添加手势

    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];

4.实现手势方法

-(void)tapAction:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
    NSLog(@"轻拍");
}

#import "RootViewController.h"
#import "TapView.h"

@interface RootViewController ()<UIGestureRecognizerDelegate>

@end
@implementation RootViewController


-(void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
     
    
    //1.创建轻拍手势

    UITapGestureRecognizer *tagGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapAction:)];
    [headImageView addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];
    //需要的触摸次数
    tagGesture.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;
    //需要的触摸对象的个数
    tagGesture.numberOfTouchesRequired = 2;
    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];

//2.创建轻扫手势

    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGesture = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)]; //扫动方向 swipeGesture.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight | UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeGesture]; //3.创建屏幕边缘轻扫手势 UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panAction:)]; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:pan];
//边缘设置
    pan.edges = UIRectEdgeLeft; 
//指定手势代理 
    swipeGesture.delegate = self;
}
#pragma mark 手势代理
//如果视图添加了多个手势，此代理方法如果返回值为YES:运行识别多个手势势
 -(BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:
          (UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer{ return YES;}

 //手势开关
-(BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer
{ 
    //判断一个视图的类型，如果是button类型，就不响应手势,这样点击button和手势就不会同时触发 
    if ([[gestureRecognizer view] isKindOfClass:[UIButton class]]) 
    {
         return NO; 
    } 
    return YES;
}

//轻拍手势触发的方法
-(void)tapAction:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
    //得到轻拍的点
    //获取点
    CGPoint point=[sender locationInView:sender.view];
    NSLog(@"轻拍");
}

下面代码实现了捏合，选择，长按，平移手势

这里还涉及了View的图像变化

UIview有一个transform属性，可以对View进行旋转，缩放平移等操作，按住option键可以实现在模拟器上进行两指操作

#import "SecondViewController.h"
//需要遵守代理协议
@interface SecondViewController ()<UIGestureRecognizerDelegate>

@end

@implementation SecondViewController

-(void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    //初始化一个UIImageView
    UIImageView *myImageView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 200)];
    [myImageView setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"background.jpg"]];
    myImageView.center = self.view.center;
    [self.view addSubview:myImageView];
    myImageView.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
    
#pragma mark 手势2
    
    //旋转手势
    UIGestureRecognizer *rotation = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotationAction:)];
    //添加手势
    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:rotation];
    //设置代理
    rotation.delegate = self;
    
    //捏合手势
    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinchAction:)];
    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:pinch];
    //设置代理
    pinch.delegate = self;
    
    //平移手势
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panAction:)];
    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:pan];
    
    //长按手势
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPressAction:)];
    //长按时间，默认0.5
    longPress.minimumPressDuration = 1;
    //长按时可移动范围
    longPress.allowableMovement = 100;
    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];
    //添加代理
    longPress.delegate = self;
    
}

//长按方法
-(void)longPressAction:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer*)sender
{
    //进行判断，长按开始的时候，不设置则长按离开也会触发
    if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {
       NSLog(@"长按");
    }
    else if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded)
    {
        NSLog(@"长按结束");
    }
    else if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged)
    {
        NSLog(@"长按变化");
    }
  
}

#pragma mark 实现手势方法
//平移方法
-(void)panAction:(UIPanGestureRecognizer*)sender
{
    UIView *myView = [sender view];

   //locationInView:  （获取当前坐标）translationInView: （获取当前x和y方向两个方向位移）
    //得到偏移量
    CGPoint translation = [sender translationInView:myView];
    //通过2D仿射函数中与位移相关的函数来改变视图位置
    //tx,ty X,Y方向的位移
    myView.transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(myView.transform, translation.x, translation.y);
    //设置偏移归位CGPointZero = CGPointMake(0,0)
    [sender setTranslation:CGPointZero inView:myView];
    
}

//捏合方法
-(void)pinchAction:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer*)sender
{
    UIView *myView = [sender view];
    //缩放大小
    float myScale = sender.scale;
    //通过2D仿射变换函数与缩放有关的函数改变视图大小
    myView.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(myView.transform, myScale, myScale);
    //复原
    sender.scale = 1;
}

-(void)rotationAction:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer*)sender
{
    //手势作用的视图
    UIView *myView = [sender view];
    
    //通过2D仿射变换函数与旋转相关的函数对视图旋转
    //第一个参数：作用视图的transfrom
    //第二个参数：旋转的角度
    float rotation = sender.rotation;
    myView.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(myView.transform, rotation);
    
    //myView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI_2);
    //每进行一次旋转，都需要将旋转角度复原，让其在原有基础上再次累加
    sender.rotation = 0;
}

//实现代理方法，可以同时响应多个手势
-(BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer
{
    return YES;
}

@end